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2.
Ta cần tìm \(cosABC=\dfrac{AB^2+BC^2-AC^2}{2AB.BC}=\dfrac{3\left(AB^2+BC^2-AC^2\right)}{2AC^2}\)
Gọi H, K là trung điểm của AB, BC.
Theo giả thiết \(\overrightarrow{OM}\perp\overrightarrow{BI}\)
\(\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{OM}.\overrightarrow{BI}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2\overrightarrow{OA}+\overrightarrow{OB}+2\overrightarrow{OC}\right)\left(\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{BC}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2\overrightarrow{OB}+2\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{OB}+2\overrightarrow{OB}+2\overrightarrow{BC}\right)\left(\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{BC}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(5\overrightarrow{OB}+2\overrightarrow{BA}+2\overrightarrow{BC}\right)\left(\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{BC}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{BC}\right)^2+5\overrightarrow{OB}.\overrightarrow{BA}+5\overrightarrow{OB}.\overrightarrow{BC}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{BC}\right)^2+5\left(\overrightarrow{OH}+\overrightarrow{HB}\right).\overrightarrow{BA}+5\left(\overrightarrow{OK}+\overrightarrow{KB}\right).\overrightarrow{BC}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{BC}\right)^2+5\overrightarrow{OH}.\overrightarrow{BA}+5\overrightarrow{HB}.\overrightarrow{BA}+5\overrightarrow{OK}.\overrightarrow{BC}+5\overrightarrow{KB}.\overrightarrow{BC}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{BC}\right)^2+0+\dfrac{5}{2}\overrightarrow{AB}.\overrightarrow{BA}+0+\dfrac{5}{2}\overrightarrow{CB}.\overrightarrow{BC}=0\) (Vì \(OH\perp AB,OK\perp BC\))
\(\Leftrightarrow-\dfrac{1}{2}\left(AB^2+BC^2\right)+4\overrightarrow{BA}.\overrightarrow{BC}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}\left(AB^2+BC^2\right)=2\left(AB^2+BC^2-AC^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow AB^2+BC^2=\dfrac{4}{3}AC^2\)
Khi đó \(cosABC=\dfrac{3\left(\dfrac{4}{3}AC^2-AC^2\right)}{2AC^2}=\dfrac{1}{2}\Rightarrow\widehat{ABC}=60^o\)
Do \(C\in\Delta\) nên tọa độ có dạng: \(C\left(1+t;2+t\right)\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\overrightarrow{AC}=\left(t+2;t\right)\\\overrightarrow{BC}=\left(t-2;t+1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(AC=BC\Rightarrow AC^2=BC^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(t+2\right)^2+t^2=\left(t-2\right)^2+\left(t+1\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow6t=1\Rightarrow t=\dfrac{1}{6}\)
\(\Rightarrow C\left(\dfrac{7}{6};\dfrac{13}{6}\right)\)
a: \(x\in\left(-1;2\right)\)
b: \(x\in[8;10)\cup\left[25;30\right]\)
c: \(x\in\left(-\infty;-5\right)\cup[7;+\infty)\)
a) \(x\in S=(-\infty;-5]\cup[7;+\infty)\)
b) \(x\in S=\left(-1;2\right)\cup(5;10]\)
Ta có BĐT \(3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b+c\le\sqrt{3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}\)
Lợi dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz tao cso:
\(VT^2=\left(\sqrt{a+3}+\sqrt{b+3}+\sqrt{c+3}\right)^2\)
\(\le\left(1+1+1\right)\left(a+b+c+9\right)\)
\(\le3\left(\sqrt{3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}+9\right)\)
Đặt \(t=a^2+b^2+c^2\left(t\ge3\right)\) thì cần chứng minh:
\(3\left(\sqrt{3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}+9\right)\le4\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+9\right)\le4\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(t+9\right)\le4t^2\Leftrightarrow-\left(t-3\right)\left(4t+9\right)\le0\) (Đúng)
Ta có BĐT \(3\le ab+bc+ca\le a^2+b^2+c^2\)
Và BĐT: \(3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b+c\le\sqrt{3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}\)
\(\le\sqrt{9}=3\le a^2+b^2+c^2\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:
\(VT^2=\left(\sqrt{a+3}+\sqrt{b+3}+\sqrt{c+3}\right)^2\)
\(\le\left(1+1+1\right)\left(a+b+c+9\right)\)
\(\le\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left[a^2+b^2+c^2+3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\right]\)
\(=4\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)=VP^2\)
Xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
\(a^2=b^2+c^2-bc\Rightarrow bc=b^2+c^2-a^2\)
\(\Rightarrow cosA=\dfrac{b^2+c^2-a^2}{2bc}=\dfrac{bc}{2bc}=\dfrac{1}{2}\Rightarrow A=60^0\)
Tương tự: \(ac=a^2+c^2-b^2\Rightarrow cosB=\dfrac{a^2+c^2-b^2}{2ac}=\dfrac{1}{2}\Rightarrow B=60^0\)
\(\Rightarrow C=180^0-\left(A+B\right)=60^0\)
\(\Rightarrow A=B=C=60^0\Rightarrow\Delta ABC\) đều