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Mình làm bài 2 nhé:
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{2^2}<\frac{1}{2\times3}=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}\)
\(\frac{1}{3^2}<\frac{1}{3\times4}=\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}\)
....
\(\frac{1}{50^2}<\frac{1}{50\times51}=\frac{1}{50}-\frac{1}{51}\)
Tổng các vế ta sẽ có \(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{50^2}<\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{51}=\frac{49}{102}<1\)
\(S=5+5^2+5^3+...+5^{1992}\)
\(=5\left(1+5\right)+5^3\left(1+5\right)+...+5^{1991}\left(1+5\right)\)
\(=5.6+5^3.6+...+5^{1991}.6=6\left(5+5^3+...+5^{1991}\right)⋮6\)
Ta có :
S= 1/51 +1/52 +..+1/100
Vì 1/51>1/52>...>1/100
=> S >1/100 * 50 =1/2 (1)
Vì 1/100 <1/99<...<1/51<1/50
=> S < 1/50 * 50=1 (2)
Từ (1),(2) => 1/2 < S<1
P=1/2^2+1/2^3+...+1/2^2018
2P=1/2 +1/2^2 +...+1/2^2017
=> 2P-P= (1/2 +1/2^2 +...+1/2^2017)-(1/2^2+1/2^3+...+1/2^2018 )
=> P=1/2 -1/2^2018 <1/2 <3/4
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{51}>\frac{1}{100};\frac{1}{52}>\frac{1}{100};...;\frac{1}{100}=\frac{1}{100}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{51}+\frac{1}{52}+...+\frac{1}{100}>\frac{1}{100}.50=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow S>\frac{1}{2}\)
Ta có \(\frac{1}{51}< \frac{1}{50};\frac{1}{52}< \frac{1}{50};...;\frac{1}{100}< \frac{1}{50}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{51}+\frac{1}{52}+...+\frac{1}{100}< \frac{1}{50}.50=1\)
\(\Rightarrow S< 1\)
\(\frac{1}{2\cdot2}< \frac{1}{1\cdot2};...;\frac{1}{9\cdot9}< \frac{1}{8\cdot9}\)
\(\Rightarrow S=\frac{1}{2^2}+...+\frac{1}{9^2}< \frac{1}{1\cdot2}+...+\frac{1}{8\cdot9}=1-\frac{1}{2}+...+\frac{1}{8}-\frac{1}{9}=1-\frac{1}{9}=\frac{8}{9}\left(1\right)\)
\(\frac{1}{2\cdot2}>\frac{1}{2\cdot3};...;\frac{1}{9\cdot9}>\frac{1}{9\cdot10}\)
\(\Rightarrow S=\frac{1}{2^2}+...+\frac{1}{9^2}>\frac{1}{2\cdot3}+...+\frac{1}{9\cdot10}=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{9}-\frac{1}{10}=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{10}=\frac{2}{5}\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1)(2) => đpcm
S<1/2^2 + 1/2.3 + 1/3.4 +...+ 1/8.9
S<1/4 + 1/2 - 1/3 + 1/3 - 1/4+...+1/8 - 1/9
S<1/4 + 1/2 - 1/9
S<23/36<8/9 (1)
Mặt khác: S>1/2^2 + 1/3.4 + ...+ 1/9*10
S>1/4 + 1/3 - 1/4 + ... + 1/9 - 1/10
S>1/4 + 1/3 - 1/10
S>29/60>2/5 (2)
Từ (1),(2)
=> 2/5<S<8/9