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Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy - Schwarz
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{b^2c}{a^3\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{b+c}{4bc}+\dfrac{1}{2b}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{b^2c\left(b+c\right)}{8a^3\left(b+c\right)b^2c}}=\dfrac{3}{2a}\\\dfrac{c^2a}{b^3\left(c+a\right)}+\dfrac{c+a}{4ca}+\dfrac{1}{2c}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{c^2a\left(c+a\right)}{8b^3\left(c+a\right)c^2a}}=\dfrac{3}{2b}\\\dfrac{a^2b}{c^3\left(a+b\right)}+\dfrac{a+b}{4ab}+\dfrac{1}{2a}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{a^2b\left(a+b\right)}{8c^3\left(a+b\right)a^2b}}=\dfrac{3}{2c}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{b^2c}{a^3\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{4c}+\dfrac{1}{4b}+\dfrac{1}{2b}\ge\dfrac{3}{2a}\\\dfrac{c^2a}{b^3\left(c+a\right)}+\dfrac{1}{4a}+\dfrac{1}{4c}+\dfrac{1}{2c}\ge\dfrac{3}{2b}\\\dfrac{a^2b}{c^3\left(a+b\right)}+\dfrac{1}{4b}+\dfrac{1}{4a}+\dfrac{1}{2a}\ge\dfrac{3}{2c}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{b^2c}{a^3\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{4c}+\dfrac{3}{4b}\ge\dfrac{3}{2a}\\\dfrac{c^2a}{b^3\left(c+a\right)}+\dfrac{1}{4a}+\dfrac{3}{4c}\ge\dfrac{3}{2b}\\\dfrac{a^2b}{c^3\left(a+b\right)}+\dfrac{1}{4b}+\dfrac{3}{4a}\ge\dfrac{3}{2c}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow VT+\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow VT+\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{b^2c}{a^3\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{c^2a}{b^3\left(c+a\right)}+\dfrac{a^2b}{c^3\left(a+b\right)}\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\) ( đpcm )
Câu a)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{b}\geq \frac{9}{a+2b}\) (1)
\(\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{c}\geq \frac{9}{b+2c}\)(2)
\(\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{a}\geq \frac{9}{c+2a}\) (3)
Lấy \((1)+2.(2)+3.(3)\) ta có:
\(\Rightarrow \frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{2}{b}+\frac{2}{c}+\frac{2}{c}+\frac{3}{c}+\frac{3}{a}+\frac{3}{a}\geq 9\left(\frac{1}{a+2b}+\frac{1}{b+2c}+\frac{1}{c+2a}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{7}{a}+\frac{4}{b}+\frac{7}{c}\geq 9\left(\frac{1}{a+2b}+\frac{1}{b+2c}+\frac{1}{c+2a}\right)\)
Ta có đpcm
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
Câu b)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{4}{b}\geq \frac{(1+2)^2}{a+b}=\frac{9}{a+b}\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{1}{3a}+\frac{4}{3b}\geq \frac{3}{a+b}(1)\)
\(\frac{1}{3b}+\frac{1}{2c}+\frac{1}{2c}\geq \frac{9}{3b+4c}\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{2}{3b}+\frac{2}{c}\geq \frac{18}{3b+4c}\) (2)
\(\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{3a}+\frac{1}{3a}\geq \frac{9}{c+6a}\) (3)
Từ (1); (2); (3) cộng theo vế:
\(\Rightarrow \frac{1}{a}+\frac{2}{b}+\frac{3}{c}\geq \frac{3}{a+b}+\frac{18}{3b+4c}+\frac{9}{c+6a}\)
(đpcm)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(a=\frac{b}{2}=\frac{c}{3}\)
Câu c)
BĐT cần chứng minh tương đương với:
\(\frac{b+c+a}{a}+\frac{2a+c}{b}+\frac{4(a+b)}{a+c}\geq 10\) (*)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(\text{VT}=\frac{b}{a}+\frac{c+a}{2a}+\frac{c+a}{2a}+\frac{a}{b}+\frac{a+c}{2b}+\frac{a+c}{2b}+\frac{a+b}{a+c}+\frac{a+b}{a+c}+\frac{a+b}{a+c}+\frac{a+b}{a+c}\)
\(\geq 10\sqrt[10]{\frac{ba(c+a)^4(a+b)^4}{16a^3b^3(a+c)^4}}=10\sqrt[10]{\frac{(a+b)^4}{16a^2b^2}}\)
Theo AM-GM: \((a+b)^2\geq 4ab\Rightarrow (a+b)^4\geq 16a^2b^2\)
\(\Rightarrow \text{VT}\geq 10\sqrt[10]{\frac{(a+b)^4}{16a^2b^2}}\geq 10\)
Vậy (*) được cm. Ta có đpcm. Dấu bằng xảy ra khi a=b=c
Áp dụng BĐT cauchy-schwarz:
\(VT=\sum\dfrac{a^4}{b^3\left(c+2a\right)}=\sum\dfrac{\dfrac{a^4}{b^2}}{b\left(c+2a\right)}\ge\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{a^2}{b}+\dfrac{b^2}{c}+\dfrac{c^2}{a}\right)^2}{3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\)
Mà \(\dfrac{a^2}{b}+\dfrac{b^2}{c}+\dfrac{c^2}{a}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a+b+c}=a+b+c\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=1\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi a=b=c
Áp dụng BĐT AM-Gm: ( dạng \(\dfrac{1}{x+y+z}\le\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\))
\(VT=\sum\dfrac{ab}{\left(a+c\right)+\left(b+c\right)+2b}\le\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\sum\dfrac{a}{2}+\sum\left[\dfrac{ab}{a+c}+\dfrac{bc}{a+c}\right]\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{a+b+c}{2}+a+b+c\right)=\dfrac{1}{6}\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\le\dfrac{1}{6}\sqrt{3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}=1\) (đpcm)
Dấu = xảy ra khi a=b=c=2
Có \(ab+bc+ac=abc\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=1\)
Áp dụng các bđt sau:Với x;y;z>0 có: \(\dfrac{1}{x+y+z}\le\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\) và \(\dfrac{1}{x+y}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)\)
Có \(\dfrac{1}{a+3b+2c}=\dfrac{1}{\left(a+b\right)+\left(b+c\right)+\left(b+c\right)}\le\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{2}{b+c}\right)\)\(\le\dfrac{1}{9}.\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{2}{b}+\dfrac{2}{c}\right)=\dfrac{1}{36}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{3}{b}+\dfrac{2}{c}\right)\)
CMTT: \(\dfrac{1}{b+3c+2a}\le\dfrac{1}{36}\left(\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{3}{c}+\dfrac{2}{a}\right)\)
\(\dfrac{1}{c+3a+2b}\le\dfrac{1}{36}\left(\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{3}{a}+\dfrac{2}{b}\right)\)
Cộng vế với vế => \(VT\le\dfrac{1}{36}\left(\dfrac{6}{a}+\dfrac{6}{b}+\dfrac{6}{c}\right)=\dfrac{1}{36}.6\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)=\dfrac{1}{6}\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi a=b=c=3
Có \(a+b=2\Leftrightarrow2\ge2\sqrt{ab}\Leftrightarrow ab\le1\)
\(E=\left(3a^2+2b\right)\left(3b^2+2a\right)+5a^2b+5ab^2+2ab\)
\(=9a^2b^2+6\left(a^3+b^3\right)+4ab+5ab\left(a+b\right)+20ab\)
\(=9a^2b^2+6\left(a+b\right)^3-18ab\left(a+b\right)+4ab+5ab\left(a+b\right)+20ab\)
\(=9a^2b^2+48-18ab.2+4ab+5.2.ab+20ab\)
\(=9a^2b^2-2ab+48\)
Đặt \(f\left(ab\right)=9a^2b^2-2ab+48;ab\le1\), đỉnh \(I\left(\dfrac{1}{9};\dfrac{431}{9}\right)\)
Hàm đồng biến trên khoảng \(\left[\dfrac{1}{9};1\right]\backslash\left\{\dfrac{1}{9}\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow f\left(ab\right)_{max}=55\Leftrightarrow ab=1\)
\(\Rightarrow E_{max}=55\Leftrightarrow a=b=1\)
Vậy...
M=\(\left(x_1+x_2\right)^2-2x_1.x_2+\left(y_1+y_2\right)^2-2y_1.y_2\)
Áp dụng định lý viettel :( :v )
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_1+x_2=-\dfrac{b}{a}\\x_1x_2=\dfrac{c}{a}\end{matrix}\right.\);\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y_1+y_2=-\dfrac{b}{c}\\y_1y_2=\dfrac{a}{c}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(M=\dfrac{b^2}{a^2}-\dfrac{2c}{a}+\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}-\dfrac{2a}{c}=\dfrac{b^2-4ac}{a^2}+\dfrac{b^2-4ac}{c^2}+2\left(\dfrac{a}{c}+\dfrac{c}{a}\right)\)
\(\ge2\left(\dfrac{a}{c}+\dfrac{c}{a}\right)\ge4\)
Dấu = xảy ra: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=c\\b^2=4ac\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow b^2=4a^2=4c^2\)
@_@ 
đưa thẳng câu hỏi luôn đi ; nói như zầy chưa nghỉ ra câu trả lời ; chống mặt chết trước rồi
a) ta có
\(3\left(a+b+c\right)=\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(=a^3+b^3+c^3+a^2b+ab^2+b^2c+bc^2+a^2c+ac^2\)
\(=\left(a^3+ab^2\right)+\left(b^3+bc^2\right)+\left(c^3+ca^2\right)+a^2b+b^2c+c^2a\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy ta có
\(a^3+ab^2\ge2a^2b\) ; \(b^3+bc^2\ge2b^2c\) ; \(c^3+ca^2\ge2c^2a\)
\(\left(a^3+ab^2\right)+\left(b^3+bc^2\right)+\left(c^3+ca^2\right)+a^2b+b^2c+c^2a\ge3\left(a^2b+b^2c+c^2a\right)\)\(\Rightarrow3\left(a+b+c\right)\ge3\left(a^2b+b^2c+c^2a\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b+c\ge a^2b+b^2c+c^2a\) (1)
Áp dụng BĐT C.B.S ta có
\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2\le3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)=9\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b+c\le3\) (2)
từ (1) và (2) ta được đpcm
b) Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy ta có :
\(ab\le\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{2}=\dfrac{3-c^2}{2}\) tương tự
\(bc\le\dfrac{3-a^2}{2}\) ; \(ac\le\dfrac{3-b^2}{2}\)
BĐT cần chứng minh trở thành :
\(\dfrac{3-a^2}{2\left(3+a^2\right)}+\dfrac{3-b^2}{2\left(3+b^2\right)}+\dfrac{3-c^2}{2\left(3+c^2\right)}\le\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Ta chứng minh BĐT phụ sau
\(\dfrac{3-c^2}{2\left(3+c^2\right)}\le\dfrac{c^2}{4}\)\(\Leftrightarrow12-4c^2\le2c^2\left(3+c^2\right)\Leftrightarrow c^4+5c^2+6\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(c^2+2\right)\left(c^2+3\right)\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
tương tự : \(\dfrac{3-a^2}{2\left(3+c^2\right)}\le\dfrac{a^2}{4}\) ; \(\dfrac{3-b^2}{2\left(3+b^2\right)}\le\dfrac{b^2}{4}\)
Cộng Ba vế BĐT trên lại ta có:
\(\dfrac{3-a^2}{2\left(3+a^2\right)}+\dfrac{3-b^2}{2\left(3+b^2\right)}+\dfrac{3-c^2}{2\left(3+c^2\right)}\le\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{4}=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Vậy ta có đpcm
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy - Schwarz
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^2b+\dfrac{1}{b}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{a^2b}{b}}=2a\\b^2c+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{b^2c}{c}}=2b\\c^2a+\dfrac{1}{a}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{c^2a}{a}}=2c\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2b+b^2c+c^2a+\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge2\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a^2b+b^2c+c^2a+\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\ge a+b+c\) ( đpcm )
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)