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\(\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)=\left(ax+by+cz\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2a^2+x^2b^2+x^2c^2+y^2a^2+y^2b^2+y^2c^2+z^2a^2+z^2b^2+z^2c^2\)\(-\left(a^2x^2+b^2y^2+c^2z^2+2axby+2axcz+2bycz\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2a^2+x^2b^2+x^2c^2+y^2a^2+y^2b^2+y^2c^2+z^2a^2+z^2b^2+z^2c^2\)\(-a^2x^2-b^2y^2-c^2z^2-2axby-2axcz-2bycz=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2b^2+x^2c^2+y^2a^2+y^2c^2+z^2a^2+z^2b^2-2axby-2axcz-2bycz=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2b^2-2axby+y^2a^2\right)+\left(x^2c^2-2axcz+z^2a^2\right)+\left(y^2c^2-2bycz+z^2b^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(xb-ya\right)^2+\left(xc-za\right)^2+\left(yc-zb\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(xb-ya\right)^2=0\\\left(xc-za\right)^2=0\\\left(yc-zb\right)^2=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}xb-ya=0\\xc-za=0\\yc-zb=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}xb=ya\\xc=za\\yc=zb\end{cases}\Rightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{x}{a}=\frac{y}{b}\\\frac{x}{a}=\frac{z}{c}\\\frac{y}{b}=\frac{z}{c}\end{cases}}}\Rightarrow\frac{x}{a}=\frac{y}{b}=\frac{z}{c}\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2x^2+b^2x^2+c^2x^2+a^2y^2+b^2y^2+c^2y^2+a^2z^2+b^2z^2+c^2z^2=a^2x^2+b^2y^2+c^2z^2+2abxy+2bcyz+2acxz\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2y^2+a^2z^2+b^2x^2+b^2z^2+c^2x^2+c^2y^2=2abxy+2bcyz+2acxz\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a^2y^2-2abxy+b^2x^2\right)+\left(a^2z^2-2acxz+c^2x^2\right)+\left(b^2z^2-2bcyz+c^2y^2\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(ay-bx\right)^2+\left(az-cx\right)^2+\left(bz-cy\right)^2=0\)
vì \(\frac{x}{a}=\frac{y}{b}\Rightarrow ay=bc\Rightarrow\left(ay-bx\right)^2=0\)
\(\frac{y}{b}=\frac{z}{c}\Rightarrow cy=bz\Rightarrow\left(bz-cy\right)^2=0\)
\(\frac{x}{a}=\frac{z}{c}\Rightarrow cx=az\Rightarrow\left(az-cx\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(ay-bx\right)^2+\left(az-cx\right)^2+\left(bz-cy\right)^2=0\)luôn đúng
\(\Rightarrow\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)=\left(ax+by+cz\right)^2\)
có phải đề như này : CMR nếu \(\frac{x}{a}=\frac{y}{b}=\frac{z}{c}\) thì \(\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)=\left(ax+by+cz\right)^2\)
đặt \(\frac{x}{a}=\frac{y}{b}=\frac{z}{c}=k\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=ak\\y=bk\\z=ck\end{cases}}\)
Ta có :
\(\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)=\left(a^2k^2+b^2k^2+c^2k^2\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)=k^2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2\)
\(\left(ax+by+cz\right)^2=\left(a^2k+b^2k+c^2k\right)^2=k^2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2\)
Từ đó suy ra đpcm
Giả Sử điều ta phải chứng mình là có:
\(\Rightarrow x^2a^2+x^2b^2+x^2c^2+y^2a^2+y^2b^2+y^2c^2+z^2a^2+z^2b^2+z^2c^2=a^2x^2+b^2y^2+c^2z^2+\)
\(2axby+2bycz+2czax\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2x^2-a^2x^2+by^2-b^2y^2+c^2z^2-c^2z^2+x^2b^2+x^2c^2+y^2a^2+y^2c^2+z^2a^2+z^2b^2-\)
\(2axby-2bycz-2czax=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2b^2-2axby+a^2y^2+y^2c^2-2bycz+b^2z^2+z^2a^2-2czax+c^2x^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(xb-ay\right)^2+\left(yc-bz\right)^2+\left(za-cx\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}xb-ay=0\\yc-bz=0\\za-cx=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}xb=ay\\yc=bz\\za=cx\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{x}{a}=\frac{y}{b}\\\frac{y}{b}=\frac{z}{c}\\\frac{z}{c}=\frac{x}{a}\end{cases}\Rightarrow}\frac{x}{a}=\frac{y}{b}=\frac{z}{c}}\)( mà giả thuyết cho ta x/a=y/b=z/c nên điều ta cần chứng minh đúng)
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