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a) \(A=x^2+x+1=\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}>0\) với mọi x
b) \(B=x^2-x+1=\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}>0\) với mọi x
c) \(x^2+xy+y^2+1=\left(x+\frac{1}{2}y\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}y^2+1>0\) với mọi x,y
d) bạn kiểm tra lại đề câu d) nhé:
\(x^2+4y^2+z^2-2x-6y+8z+15\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(2y-\frac{6}{4}\right)^2+\left(z+4\right)^2-\frac{13}{4}\)
\(A=4x^2+4x+11\)
\(=\left(4x^2+4x+1\right)+10\)
\(=\left(2x+1\right)^2+10\ge10\)
Min A = 10 khi: 2x + 1 = 0
<=> x = -1/2
a)
\(x^2+xy+y^2+1=\left(x^2+2x\times\frac{y}{2}+\left(\frac{y}{2}\right)^2\right)+\frac{3y^2}{4}+1\)
\(=\left(x+\frac{y}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3y^2}{4}+1\ge0+0+1=1\)
mà\(1>0\Rightarrow x^2+xy+y^2+1>0\)với mọi \(x\)và\(y\)
b)
\(x^2+5y^2+2x-4xy-10y+14\)
\(=\left[x^2+2x\left(1-2y\right)+\left(1-2y\right)^2\right]+y^2-6y+13\)
\(=\left(x+1-2y\right)^2+\left(y^2-2y\times3+9\right)+4\)
\(=\left(x+1-2y\right)^2+\left(y-3\right)^2+4\)
Ta có:\(\left(x+1-2y\right)^2\ge0\)với mọi \(x;y\in R\)
và\(\left(y-3\right)^2\ge0\)với mọi \(x;y\in R\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+1-2y\right)^2+\left(y-3\right)^2+4\ge4\)với mọi \(x;y\in R\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+5y^2+2x-4xy-10y+14>0\)
c)
\(5x^2+10y^2-6xy-4x-2y+3=x^2+4x^2+y^2+9y^2-6xy-4x-2y+3\)
\(=\left[\left(2x\right)^2-2\times2x+1\right]+\left(y^2-2y+1\right)+\left[\left(3y\right)^2-2\times3y+x^2\right]+1\)
\(=\left(2x+1\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+\left(3y-x\right)^2+1\)
Ta có \(\left(2x+1\right)^2\ge0\)với mọi \(x\)
\(\left(y-1\right)^2\ge\)với mọi \(y\)
\(\left(3y-x\right)^2\ge0\)với mọi \(x;y\)
và \(1>0\)
\(\Rightarrow5x^2+10y^2-6xy-4x-2y+3>0\)
a. \(x^2+xy+y^2+1=\left(x^2+xy+\frac{1}{4}y^2\right)+\frac{3}{4}y^2+1=\left(x+\frac{1}{4}y\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}y^2+1>0\forall x;y\)(đpcm)
b. \(x^2+5y^2+2x-4xy-10y+14\)
\(=\left[\left(x^2-4xy+4y^2\right)+\left(2x-4y\right)+1\right]+\left(y^2-6y+9\right)+4\)
\(=\left[\left(x-2y\right)^2-2\left(x-2y\right)+1\right]+\left(y^2-6y+9\right)+4\)
\(=\left(x-2y-1\right)^2+\left(y-3\right)^2+4>0\forall x;y\)(đpcm)
c. tương tự ý b
+) \(A=x\left(x-6\right)+10\)
\(A=x^2-6x+10\)
\(A=x^2-6x+9+1\)
\(A=\left(x-3\right)^2+1\ge1\)
Vậy.....
+) \(B=x^2-2x+9y^2-6y+3\)
\(B=\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(9y^2-6y+1\right)+1\)
\(B=\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(3y-1\right)^2+1\ge1\)
Vậy .....
Bài 1: A = \(\frac{\left(x-1\right)^2}{x^2-x+1}=\frac{x^2-x+1-x}{x^2-x+1}=1-\frac{x}{x^2-x+1}\)
Ta có \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0\forall x\in R\\x^2-x+1=\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}>0\forall x\in R\end{cases}\Rightarrow A}\ge0\forall x\in R\)
Bài 2: \(4\left(a^3+b^3\right)\ge\left(a+b\right)^3\Leftrightarrow3\left(a^3-a^2b-ab^2+b^3\right)\ge0\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)(đúng với mọi a; b > 0)
\(<=>x^5\left(x-1\right)+x^3\left(x-1\right)+x\left(x-1\right)+\frac{3}{4}>0\)
\(<=>x\left(x-1\right)\left(x^4+x^2+1\right)+\frac{3}{4}>0\)
\(<=>\left(x^2-x+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{4}\right)\left(x^4+x^2+1\right)+\frac{3}{4}>0\)
\(<=>\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\left(x^4+x^2+1\right)-\frac{1}{4}\left(x^4+x^2+1\right)+\frac{3}{4}>0\)
Nhận xét:
\(\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\left(x^4+x^2+1\right)\ge0\left(1\right)\)
\(\left(x^4+x^2+1\right)\ge1=>-\frac{1}{4}\left(x^4+x^2+1\right)\ge-\frac{1}{4}\)
\(=>-\frac{1}{4}\left(x^4+x^2+1\right)+\frac{3}{4}\ge\frac{1}{2}\left(2\right)\)
Từ 1 và 2 => Tổng > 0 => ĐPCM
1) \(\left(x-3\right)\left(x-5\right)+44\)
\(=x^2-3x-5x+15+44\)
\(=x^2-8x+59\)
\(=x^2-2.x.4+4^2+43\)
\(=\left(x-4\right)^2+43\ge43>0\)
\(\rightarrowĐPCM.\)
2) \(x^2+y^2-8x+4y+31\)
\(=\left(x^2-8x\right)+\left(y^2+4y\right)+31\)
\(=\left(x^2-2.x.4+4^2\right)-16+\left(y^2+2.y.2+2^2\right)-4+31\)
\(=\left(x-4\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2+11\ge11>0\)
\(\rightarrowĐPCM.\)
3)\(16x^2+6x+25\)
\(=16\left(x^2+\dfrac{3}{8}x+\dfrac{25}{16}\right)\)
\(=16\left(x^2+2.x.\dfrac{3}{16}+\dfrac{9}{256}-\dfrac{9}{256}+\dfrac{25}{16}\right)\)
\(=16\left[\left(x+\dfrac{3}{16}\right)^2+\dfrac{391}{256}\right]\)
\(=16\left(x+\dfrac{3}{16}\right)^2+\dfrac{391}{16}>0\)
-> ĐPCM.
4) Tương tự câu 3)
5) \(x^2+\dfrac{2}{3}x+\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(=x^2+2.x.\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{9}-\dfrac{1}{9}+\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(=\left(x+\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^2+\dfrac{7}{18}>0\)
-> ĐPCM.
6) Tương tự câu 5)
7) 8) 9) Tương tự câu 3).
b
= (x2-7x+6)(x2-7x+12)+9
đặt x2-7x+9=a ta đc
(a-3)(a+3)+9=a2-32+9=a2 >= 0 với mọi x ( đpcm)
Chứng minh rằng các biểu thức sau luôn dương với mọi x
a) a4 + b2 + 2 - 4ab (>= 0)
b) (x-1)(x-3)(x-4)(x-6)+9 (>=0)
= (x2-7x+6)(x2-7x+12)+9
đặt x2-7x+9=a ta đc
(a-3)(a+3)+9=a2-32+9=a2 >= 0 với mọi x ( đpcm)