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\(x-y=1\Rightarrow x^2-2xy+y^2=1\Rightarrow x^2+xy+y^2=19\Rightarrow x^3-y^3=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)=1.19=19\)
\(2,a^2+b^2+c^2=ab+bc+ca\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)=2ab+2bc+2ca\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)+\left(c^2-2ac+a^2\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0ma:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\\\left(b-c\right)^2\ge0\\\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a-b=0\\b-c=0\\c-a=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
\(a+b+c=0\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2=a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca=0\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2=-2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\Rightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4+2a^2b^2+2b^2c^2+2c^2a^2=4a^2b^2+4b^2c^2+4c^2a^2+4abc\left(a+b+c\right)=4a^2b^2+4c^2a^2+4b^2c^2\Rightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4=2a^2b^2+2b^2c^2+2c^2a^2\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^4+b^4+c^4\right)=a^4+b^4+c^4+2a^2b^2+2b^2c^2+2c^2a^2=\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2\left(dpcm\right)\)
a) Ta có: \(VP=x^4-y^4\)
\(=\left(x^2-y^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)\)
\(=\left(x^3+x^2y+xy^2+y^3\right)\left(x-y\right)=VP\)(đpcm)
b) Ta có: \(VT=\left(a-b\right)\left(a^2+b^2+ab\right)-\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+b^2-ab\right)\)
\(=a^3-b^3-\left(a^3+b^3\right)\)
\(=a^3-b^3-a^3-b^3\)
\(=-2b^3=VP\)(đpcm)
a) \(\left(x+y-z\right)^2=\left[\left(x+y\right)-z\right]^2\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)^2-2\left(x+y\right)z+z^2\)
\(=x^2+2xy+y^2-2zx-2yz+z^2\)
\(=x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy-2yz-2zx\)
b) \(\left(x-y\right)\left(x^3+x^2y+xy^2+y^3\right)\)
\(=x^4+x^3y+x^2y^2+xy^3-x^3y-x^2y^2-xy^3-y^4\)
\(=x^4-y^4\)
c) \(\left(x+y\right)\left(x^4-x^3y+x^2y^2-xy^3+y^4\right)\)
\(=x^5-x^4y+x^3y^2-x^2y^3+xy^4+x^4y-x^3y^2+x^2y^3-xy^4+y^5\)
\(=x^5+y^5\)
a)\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2+a^2+b^2+c^2=a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca+a^2+b^2+c^2\)
\(=\left(a^2+2ab+b^2\right)+\left(b^2+2bc+c^2\right)+\left(c^2+2ca+a^2\right)=\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(b+c\right)^2+\left(c+a\right)^2\)
Vậy \(\left(a+b+c\right)^2+a^2+b^2+c^2=\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(b+c\right)^2+\left(c+a\right)^2\left(đccm\right)\)
c) \(VT=\left(a+b+c\right)^3-a^3-b^3-c^3\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)^3+3c\left(a+b\right)\left(a+b+c\right)+c^3-a^3-b^3-c^3\)
\(=a^3+b^3+c^3+3ab\left(a+b\right)+3c\left(a+b\right)\left(a+b+c\right)-a^3-b^3-c^3\)
\(=3\left(a+b\right)\left[ab+c\left(a+b+c\right)\right]\)
\(=3\left(a+b\right)\left(ab+ac+bc+c^2\right)\)
\(=3\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)=VP\)
d) \(VT=a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)+c^3-3abc\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-\left(a+b\right)c+c^2\right]-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)=VP\)
I don't now
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a) \(\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=x^2+xy-xy-y^2\)
\(=x^2-y^2\)
b) \(\left(x-y\right)\left(x^3+xy^2+x^2y+y^3\right)\)
\(=x^4+x^2y^2+x^3y+xy^3-x^3y-xy^3-x^2y^2-y^4\)
\(=x^4-y^4\)
c)\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ac\right)-abc\)
\(=a^2b+abc+a^2c+ab^2+b^2c+abc+abc+bc^2+ac^2-abc\)
\(=2abc+a^2b+a^2c+ab^2+b^2c+bc^2+ac^2\left(1\right)\)
\(\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)\)
\(=a^2+ac+ab+bc\left(b+c\right)\)
\(=a^2b+abc+ab^2+b^2c+a^2c+ac^2+abc+bc^2\)
\(=2abc+a^2b+ab^2+b^2c+a^2c+ac^2+bc^2\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1)(2) => đpcm
đẽ thu gọn vế vd a) ta có vt: ( x-y) .(x+y)=x^2 -y^2
=vp
->dpcm
b) (x-y) . (x^3 +xy^2 +x^2y+y^3)
=(x-y ).(x^3 + y^3)
= x.x^3 -y.y^3
=x^4 - y^4 =vp
->dpcm
c) (a +b+ c) (ab +bc +ac) -abc
=nhân vô rút gọn
=(a^2b +2abc +c^b) +(a^2c+c^2a) + (ab^2+b^2c )
=b(a+c)^2 +ac(a+c) +b^2 (a+c)
=(a+c).[b(a+c)+b^2 +ac+b^2]
=(a+c)(ab+b^2+bc+ac)
=(a+c) [b(a+b)+c(a+b)]
=(a+b)(a+c)(b+c)=vp
->dpcm