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Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}xy=a\\yz=b\\zx=c\end{matrix}\right.\)
Giả thiết \(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+3a^2b+3ab^2+c^3-3abc-3a^2b-3ab^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+2ab+b^2-bc-ca\right)-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a+b+c=0\\a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
+) TH1: \(a+b+c=0\Leftrightarrow xy+yz+zx=0\)
Biến đổi linh tinh P chắc là ra :D
+) TH2: \(a=b=c\Leftrightarrow xy=yz=zx\Leftrightarrow x=y=z\)
\(P=\frac{x+y}{y}\cdot\frac{y+z}{z}\cdot\frac{z+x}{x}=\frac{2y}{y}\cdot\frac{2z}{z}\cdot\frac{2x}{x}=2\cdot2\cdot2=8\)
Vậy....
TH1: \(xy+yz+zx=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow z\left(x+y\right)=-xy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+y=\frac{-xy}{z}\)
Vì vai trò của x, y, z là như nhau nên ta cũng có :
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y+z=\frac{-yz}{x}\\z+x=\frac{-zx}{y}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có \(P=\left(1+\frac{x}{y}\right)\left(1+\frac{y}{z}\right)\left(1+\frac{z}{x}\right)\)
\(P=\frac{x+y}{y}\cdot\frac{y+z}{z}\cdot\frac{z+x}{x}\)
\(P=\frac{\frac{-xy}{z}\cdot\frac{-yz}{x}\cdot\frac{-zx}{y}}{xyz}\)
\(P=\frac{\frac{-x^2y^2z^2}{xyz}}{xyz}\)
\(P=\frac{-xyz}{xyz}=-1\)
Vậy....
\(x^3+y^3+z^3=3xyz\)
\(\Rightarrow x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-zx\right)=0\)
+, \(x+y+z=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y=-z;x+z=-y;y+z=-x\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\frac{xyz}{-xyz}=-1\)
+, \(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-zx=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x=y=z\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\frac{x^3}{2x\cdot2x\cdot2x}=\frac{1}{8}\)
(x+y)^3 - 3xy(x+y) + z^3 - 3xyz = 0
(x+y+z) ( (x+y)^2 +z^2 -z(x+y) -3xy) =0
(x+y+z) ( x^2+ 2xy+y^2 +z^2- zx-zy-3xy)=0
(x+y+z) ( x^2+y^2+z^2 -zx-zy -xy)=0
Suy ra x+y+z =0
x+y = -z
y+z = -x
x+z = -y
B = -16 + (-3) +2038 = 2019
Ta có: \(x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-zx\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-zx\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x+y+z=0\\x=y=z\end{cases}}\left(x,y,z\ne0\right)\)
+) x + y + z = 0 \(\Rightarrow B=\frac{-16z}{z}+\frac{-3x}{x}-\frac{-2038y}{y}\)
\(=-16-3+2038=2019\)
+) x = y = z \(\Rightarrow B=\frac{16.2z}{z}+\frac{3.2x}{x}-\frac{2038.2y}{y}\)
\(=32+6-4076=-4038\)
Lời giải:
$x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (x+y)^3-3xy(x+y)+z^3-3xyz=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (x+y)^3+z^3-3xy(x+y+z)=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (x+y+z)[(x+y)^2-z(x+y)+z^2]-3xy(x+y+z)=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (x+y+z)(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-xz)=0$
Đến đây xét 2TH:
TH1: $x+y+z=0$
\(\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x+y=-z\\ y+z=-x\\ x+z=-y\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow B=-16+(-3)+(-2038)=-2057\)
TH2: $x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-xz=0$
$\Leftrightarrow \frac{(x-y)^2+(y-z)^2+(z-x)^2}{2}=0$
$\Rightarrow (x-y)^2=(y-z)^2=(z-x)^2=0$
$\Rightarrow x=y=z$ (vô lý vì $x,y,z$ đôi một khác nhau)
Vậy.......
\(x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz=0\Leftrightarrow x^3+y^3+3xy\left(x+y\right)+z^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)-3xyz=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^3+z^3-3xy\left(x+y+z\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(x+y\right)z+z^2-3xy\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-zx\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)\left[\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2\right]=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+y+z=0\\x=y=z\end{matrix}\right.\)
- Nếu \(x+y+z=0\Rightarrow B=\frac{-16z}{z}-\frac{3x}{x}-\frac{2038y}{y}=...\)
- Nếu \(x=y=z\Rightarrow B=\frac{16.2z}{z}+\frac{3.2x}{x}+\frac{2038.2y}{y}=...\)
Ta có \(x^3+y^3+z^3=3xyz\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^3+z^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)-3xyz=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy-xz-yz\right)-3xy\left(x+y+z\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-zx\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)\left[\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(y^2-2yz+z^2\right)+\left(z^2-2zx+x^2\right)\right]=0\)(Nhân hai vế với 2)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)\left[\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2\right]=0\)
Tới đây bạn xét hai trường hợp nhé :)
(x+y+z)((X+Y)^2-Z(X+Y))-3XY(X+Y+Z)
=(X+Y+Z)(X^2+2XY+Y^2-XZ-YZ-3XY)
=(X+Y+Z)(X^2+Y^2+Z^2-XZ-YZ-XY)
\(P=x^3\left(z-y^2\right)+y^3\left(x-z^2\right)+z^2\left(y-x^2\right)+xyz\left(xyz-1\right)\)
\(P=x^3z-x^3y^2+xy^3-y^3z^2+yz^2-x^2z^2+x^2y^2z^2-xyz\)
b) Từ: x + y + z = 0
=> x + y = -z
<=> (x + y)^3 = (-z)^3
<=> x^3 + 3x^2y + 3xy^2 + y^3 = -z^3
<=> x^3 + y^3 + z^3 = -3x^2y - 3xy^2
<=> x^3 + y^3 + z^3 = -3xy(x+y)
<=> x^3 + y^3 + z^3 = -3xy(-z)
<=> x^3 + y^3 + z^3 = 3xyz
Chúc bạn học giỏi!! ^^
ok mk nhé!!! 657758768768768769675685876897696989789787809836366543453456567
Thanks n` nha