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\(1,A=\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{1}{xy}=\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{1}{2xy}+\frac{1}{2xy}\)
\(\ge\frac{4}{\left(x+y^2\right)}+\frac{1}{\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2}}\ge\frac{4}{1}+\frac{2}{1}=6\)
Dấu "=" <=> x= y = 1/2
\(2,A=\frac{x^2+y^2}{xy}=\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}=\left(\frac{x}{9y}+\frac{y}{x}\right)+\frac{8x}{9y}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{x}{9y}.\frac{y}{x}}+\frac{8.3y}{9y}\)
\(=2\sqrt{\frac{1}{9}}+\frac{8.3}{9}=\frac{10}{3}\)
Dấu "=" <=> x = 3y
\(M=\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}\right)+\frac{1}{\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}\right)}=t+\frac{1}{t}\)
\(t=\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}\ge2\)
\(M=t+\frac{1}{t}=\frac{t}{4}+\frac{1}{t}+\frac{3}{4}t\ge2\sqrt{\frac{t}{4}.\frac{1}{t}}+\frac{3}{4}.2=\frac{5}{2}\)
Min M = 5/2 khi x =y
bainay quy đồng 2 cái đầu rồi dùng phương pháp lựa chọn điểm rơi là ra .
1.
Đầu tiên ta cm: \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\forall a,b>0\)
Ta có:
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}=\frac{a+b}{ab}\ge\frac{2\sqrt{ab}}{ab}=\frac{2}{\sqrt{ab}}\ge\frac{2}{\frac{a+b}{2}}=\frac{4}{a+b}\) (cô si)
Dấu "=" khi a = b.
Áp dụng:
\(\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{2}{xy}+4xy\) \(=\left(\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{1}{2xy}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{4xy}+4xy\right)+\frac{5}{4xy}\)
\(\ge\frac{4}{\left(x+y\right)^2}+2\sqrt{\frac{1}{4xy}\cdot4xy}+\frac{5}{\left(x+y\right)^2}\)
\(=4+2+5=11\)
Vậy MinA = 11 khi \(x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(P=\frac{x^2+1}{x^2-x+1}\Leftrightarrow x^2+1=P\left(x^2-x+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+1-Px^2+Px-P=0\)(*)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1-P\right)x^2+Px+\left(1-P\right)=0\)
\(\Delta=P^2-4\left(1-P\right)^2\)
\(=P^2-4\left(1-2P+P^2\right)=-3P^2+8P-4\)
Để P có GTNN và GTLN thì phương trình (*) có nghiệm
\(\Leftrightarrow\Delta\ge0\Leftrightarrow-3P^2+8P-4\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-3P^2+2P+6P-4\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-P\left(3P-2\right)+2\left(3P-2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3P-2\right)\left(2-P\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2}{3}\le P\le2\)
Vậy \(min_P=\frac{2}{3}\Leftrightarrow x=-1\); \(max_P=2\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
\(\frac{x}{1+y^2}=x-\frac{xy^2}{1+y^2}\ge x-\frac{xy^2}{2y}=x-\frac{1}{2}xy\)
Tương tự và cộng lại:
\(A\ge x+y+z-\frac{1}{2}\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\ge x+y+z-\frac{1}{6}\left(x+y+z\right)^2=\frac{3}{2}\)
\("="\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=1\)
M= \(x^2y^2+2+\frac{1}{x^2y^2}=\left(xy+\frac{1}{xy}\right)^2\)
\(xy+\frac{1}{xy}=xy+\frac{1}{16xy}+\frac{15}{16xy}\ge2\sqrt{xy.\frac{1}{16xy}}+\frac{15\left(x+y\right)}{16xy}=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{15}{16}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\ge\)\(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{15}{16}.\frac{4}{x+y}=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{15}{16}.4=\frac{17}{4}\) => M\(\ge\frac{17^2}{4^2}\)
dấu '=' khi xy = \(\frac{1}{16xy};x=y=>x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(M=\left(x^2+\frac{1}{y^2}\right)\left(y^2+\frac{1}{x^2}\right)=\frac{x^2y^2+1}{y^2}.\frac{y^2x^2+1}{x^2}=\frac{\left(x^2y^2+1\right)^2}{x^2y^2}\)
\(=\frac{x^4y^4+2x^2y^2+1}{x^2y^2}=x^2y^2+2+\frac{1}{x^2y^2}=\left(xy+\frac{1}{xy}\right)^2\)
ta có:\(xy+\frac{1}{xy}=16xy+\frac{1}{xy}-15xy \left(1\right) \)
mặt khác:\(\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2\ge2xy\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2+2xy\ge4xy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2\ge4xy\Leftrightarrow xy\le\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{4}=\frac{1}{4}\Rightarrow-15xy\ge-\frac{15}{4} \left(2\right)\)
áp dụng bất đẳng thức cô si ta có:\(16xy+\frac{1}{xy}\ge2\sqrt{16xy.\frac{1}{xy}}=8 \left(3\right)\)
từ (1), (2), (3) ta có\(xy+\frac{1}{xy}\ge8-\frac{15}{4}=\frac{17}{4}\Rightarrow\left(xy+\frac{1}{xy}\right)^2\ge\frac{289}{16}\)
vậy \(M_{min}=\frac{289}{16}\)đạt được khi \(x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)