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Ta có : \(\frac{a}{b^2c^2}+\frac{b}{c^2a^2}+\frac{c}{a^2b^2}=\frac{a^4}{a^3b^2c^2}+\frac{b^4}{b^3c^2a^2}+\frac{c^4}{c^3a^2b^2}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy-Schwarz dạng Engel và giả thiết a2 + b2 + c2 = 3abc ta có :
\(\frac{a^4}{a^3b^2c^2}+\frac{b^4}{b^3c^2a^2}+\frac{c^4}{c^3a^2b^2}\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{a^2b^2c^2\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{\left(3abc\right)^2}{a^2b^2c^2\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{9}{a+b+c}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> a=b=c=1
\(\frac{a^2}{a+b^2}=a-\frac{ab^2}{a+b^2}\ge a-\frac{\sqrt{ab^2}}{2}=a-\frac{\sqrt{ab.b}}{2}\ge a-\frac{ab+b}{4}\)
CMTT: \(VT\ge2.\left(a+b+c-\frac{a+b+c+ab+cb+ca}{4}\right)\)
Ta lại có \(3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\le\left(a+b+c\right)^2\le\left(a+b+c\right)\sqrt{3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}=3\left(a+b+c\right)\)
=> \(ab+bc+ca\le a+b+c\)
=> \(VT\ge2\left(a+b+c-\frac{a+b+c}{2}\right)=a+b+c\left(dpcm\right)\)
Dấu bằng khi a=b=c=1
Mình có một cách khác. Các bạn xem nhé!
Đặt a = b = c . Ta có:
\(\frac{2a^2}{a+b^2}+\frac{2b^2}{b+c^2}+\frac{2c^2}{c+a^2}=\frac{2a^2}{a+a^2}+\frac{2a^2}{a+a^2}+\frac{2a^2}{a+a^2}=3\left(\frac{2a^2}{a^3}\right)\ge a^3\)(Do a = b = c nên ta thế a,b,c = a)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2a^2}{a^3}+\frac{2b^2}{b^3}+\frac{2c^2}{c^3}=\frac{2a^2+2b^2+2c^2}{a^3+b^3+c^3}=\frac{6\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{\left(a^2.b^2.c^2\right):\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{6}{2}=3\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2a^2}{a+b^2}+\frac{2b^2}{b+c^2}+\frac{2c^2}{c+a^2}>a+b+c^{\left(đpcm\right)}\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi a =b = c = 1
Đặt P=a2+b2+c2+ab+bc+caP=a2+b2+c2+ab+bc+ca
P=12(a+b+c)2+12(a2+b2+c2)P=12(a+b+c)2+12(a2+b2+c2)
P≥12(a+b+c)2+16(a+b+c)2=6P≥12(a+b+c)2+16(a+b+c)2=6
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=b=c=1
Ta có: \(\frac{a^2b^2+7}{\left(a+b\right)^2}=\frac{a^2b^2+1+6}{\left(a+b\right)^2}\ge\frac{2ab+2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{\left(a+b\right)^2}\)( cô-si )
\(=\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2+a^2+b^2+2c^2}{\left(a+b\right)^2}=1+\frac{a^2+b^2+2c^2}{\left(a+b\right)^2}\)\(\ge1+\frac{a^2+b^2+2c^2}{2\left(a^2+b^2\right)}=1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{c^2}{a^2+b^2}=\frac{3}{2}+\frac{c^2}{a^2+b^2}\)
CMTT \(\Rightarrow\)\(VT\ge\frac{9}{2}+\frac{a^2}{b^2+c^2}+\frac{b^2}{a^2+c^2}+\frac{c^2}{a^2+b^2}\)
\(P=\frac{a^2}{b^2+c^2}+\frac{b^2}{a^2+c^2}+\frac{c^2}{a^2+b^2}\)
Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}b^2+c^2=x>0\\a^2+c^2=y>0\\a^2+b^2=z>0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a^2=\frac{y+z-x}{2}\\b^2=\frac{z+x-y}{2}\\c^2=\frac{x+y-z}{2}\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\frac{y+z-x}{2x}+\frac{z+x-y}{2y}+\frac{x+y-z}{2z}\)
\(=\frac{y}{2x}+\frac{z}{2x}-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{z}{2y}+\frac{x}{2y}-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{x}{2z}+\frac{y}{2z}-\frac{1}{2}\)
\(=\left(\frac{y}{2x}+\frac{x}{2y}\right)+\left(\frac{z}{2x}+\frac{x}{2z}\right)+\left(\frac{z}{2y}+\frac{y}{2z}\right)-\frac{3}{2}\)
\(\ge1+1+1-\frac{3}{2}=\frac{3}{2}\)( bđt cô si )
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\frac{9}{2}+\frac{3}{2}=6\) ( đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a=b=c=1
Ta có \(\frac{a}{a^2+2b+3}=\frac{a}{a^2+1+2\left(b+1\right)}\le\frac{a}{2a+2\left(b+1\right)}=\frac{a}{2\left(a+b+1\right)}\)
Chứng minh tương tự \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{b}{b^2+2c+3}\le\frac{b}{2\left(b+c+1\right)}\\\frac{c}{c^2+2a+3}\le\frac{c}{2\left(a+c+1\right)}\end{cases}}\)
Cộng 3 vế của 3 bđt lại ta được
\(VT\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a}{a+b+1}+\frac{b}{b+c+1}+\frac{c}{c+a+1}\right)\)
Để bài toán được chứng minh thì ta cần \(\frac{a}{a+b+1}+\frac{b}{b+c+1}+\frac{c}{c+a+1}\le1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1-\frac{a}{a+b+1}+1-\frac{b}{b+c+1}+1-\frac{c}{c+a+1}\ge2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{b+1}{a+b+1}+\frac{c+1}{b+c+1}+\frac{a+1}{c+a+1}\ge2\)
Ta có \(A=\frac{b+1}{a+b+1}+\frac{c+1}{b+c+1}+\frac{a+1}{c+a+1}\)
\(=\frac{\left(b+1\right)^2}{\left(b+1\right)\left(a+b+1\right)}+\frac{\left(c+1\right)^2}{\left(c+1\right)\left(b+c+1\right)}+\frac{\left(a+1\right)^2}{\left(a+1\right)\left(c+a+1\right)}\)
Áp dụng bđt quen thuộc \(\frac{m^2}{x}+\frac{n^2}{y}+\frac{p^2}{z}\ge\frac{\left(m+n+p\right)^2}{x+y+z}\)(quen thuộc) ta được
\(A\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c+3\right)^2}{\left(b+1\right)\left(a+b+1\right)+\left(c+1\right)\left(b+c+1\right)+\left(a+1\right)\left(c+a+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(a+b+c+3\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+bc+ca+3\left(a+b+c\right)+3}\)
\(=\frac{2\left(a+b+c+3\right)^2}{2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+bc+ca+3\left(a+b+c\right)+3\right)}\)
\(=\frac{2\left(a+b+c+3\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+6\left(a+b+c\right)+6}\)
\(=\frac{2\left(a+b+c+3\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+6\left(a+b+c\right)+9}\)
\(=\frac{2\left(a+b+c+3\right)^2}{\left(a+b+c+3\right)^2}=2\)(DDpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra tại a= b = c =1
bn có thể ghi cho mk cái bđt đấy đc ko
#mã mã#
\(\frac{a^3}{b+2c}+\frac{b^3}{c+2a}+\frac{c^3}{a+2b}\)
\(=\frac{a^4}{ab+2ca}+\frac{b^4}{bc+2ab}+\frac{c^4}{ca+2bc}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}=\frac{1}{3}\)
Theo đánh giá của bđt AM-GM ta có \(a^2+1\ge2\sqrt{a^2.1}=2a\Rightarrow a^2+2b+3\ge2a+2b+2\)
Suy ra \(\frac{a}{a^2+2b+3}\le\frac{a}{2a+2b+1}=\frac{a}{2\left(a+b+1\right)}=\frac{1}{2}.\frac{a}{a+b+1}\)
Chứng mình tương tự và cộng theo vế ta được \(LHS\le\frac{1}{2}.\frac{a}{a+b+1}+\frac{1}{2}.\frac{b}{b+c+1}+\frac{1}{2}.\frac{c}{c+a+1}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a}{a+b+1}+\frac{b}{b+c+1}+\frac{c}{c+a+1}\right)=\frac{1}{2}\left(3-\frac{b+1}{a+b+1}-\frac{c+1}{b+c+1}-\frac{a+1}{c+a+1}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left[3-\frac{\left(b+1\right)^2}{\left(b+1\right)\left(a+b+1\right)}-\frac{\left(c+1\right)^2}{\left(c+1\right)\left(b+c+1\right)}-\frac{\left(a+1\right)^2}{\left(a+1\right)\left(c+a+1\right)}\right]\)
\(\le\frac{1}{2}\left[3-\frac{\left(a+b+c+3\right)^2}{\left(b+1\right)\left(a+b+1\right)+\left(c+1\right)\left(b+c+1\right)+\left(a+1\right)\left(c+a+1\right)}\right]\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left[3-\frac{\left(a+b+c+3\right)^2}{ab+b^2+b+a+b+1+cb+c^2+c+b+c+1+ca+a^2+a+c+a+1}\right]\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left[3-\frac{\left(a+b+c+3\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+bc+ca+3\left(a+b+c\right)+3}\right]\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left[3-\frac{2\left(a+b+c+3\right)^2}{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca\right)+6\left(a+b+c\right)+9}\right]\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left[3-\frac{2\left(a+b+c+3\right)^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2+2.3.\left(a+b+c\right)+3^2}\right]=\frac{1}{2}\left[3-\frac{2\left(a+b+c+3\right)^2}{\left(a+b+c+3\right)^2}\right]\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left[3-2\right]=\frac{1}{2}\)
a2(b+c)2+5bc+b2(a+c)2+5ac≥4a29(b+c)2+4b29(a+c)2=49(a2(1−a)2+b2(1−b)2)(vì a+b+c=1)
a2(1−a)2−9a−24=(2−x)(3x−1)24(1−a)2≥0(vì )<a<1)
⇒a2(1−a)2≥9a−24
tương tự: b2(1−b)2≥9b−24
⇒P⩾49(9a−24+9b−24)−3(a+b)24=(a+b)−94−3(a+b)24.
đặt t=a+b(0<t<1)⇒P≥F(t)=−3t24+t−94(∗)
Xét hàm (∗) được: MinF(t)=F(23)=−19
⇒MinP=MinF(t)=−19.dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=b=c=13
Xét vế trái \(\frac{2.a^2}{a+b^2}+\frac{2.b^2}{b+c^2}+\frac{2c^2}{c+a^2}=\frac{2a^4}{a^3+a^2.b^2}+\frac{2.b^4}{b^3+c^2.b^2}+\frac{2c^4}{c^3+a^2.c^2}\)
\(\ge2.\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{a^3+b^3+c^3+a^2.b^2+b^2.c^2+a^2.c^2}\)( Bất đẳng thức Svac-xơ )
Ta có \(a^4+a^2\ge2.a^3\Rightarrow a^3\le\frac{a^4+a^2}{2}\)
Tương tự \(b^3\le\frac{b^4+b^2}{2}\)
\(c^3\le\frac{c^4+c^2}{2}\)
Do đó \(2.\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{a^3+b^3+c^3+a^2.b^2+b^2.c^2+a^2.c^2}\ge\frac{2.\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{\frac{a^4+a^2}{2}+\frac{b^4+b^2}{2}+\frac{c^4+c^2}{2}+a^2.b^2+b^2.c^2+a^2.c^2}\)
\(=\frac{2.\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{\frac{a^4+b^4+c^4+2a^2c^2+2b^2c^2+2a^2b^2+a^2+b^2+c^2}{2}}\)
\(=\frac{4.\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2+a^2+b^2+c^2}\)
\(=\frac{4.3^2}{3^2+3}=3=a^2+b^2+c^2\ge a+b+c\)
Vậy \(\frac{2.a^2}{a+b^2}+\frac{2.b^2}{b+c^2}+\frac{2c^2}{c+a^2}\ge a+b+c\)với \(a^2+b^2+c^2=3\)
Ta có phép biến đổi sau : \(\frac{a^2}{a+b^2}=a-\frac{ab^2}{a+b^2}\ge a-\frac{\sqrt{ab^2}}{2}=a-\frac{\sqrt{a.b.b}}{2}\ge a-\frac{ab+b}{4}\)
Bằng cách chứng minh tương tự : \(\frac{b^2}{b+c^2}\ge b-\frac{bc+c}{4}\); \(\frac{c^2}{c+a^2}\ge c-\frac{ca+a}{4}\)
Cộng theo vế các bất đẳng thức cùng chiều : \(\frac{a^2}{a+b^2}+\frac{b^2}{b+c^2}+\frac{c^2}{c+a^2}\ge a+b+c-\frac{ab+bc+ca+a+b+c}{4}\)
\(< =>\frac{2a^2}{a+b^2}+\frac{2b^2}{b+c^2}+\frac{2c^2}{c+a^2}\ge2\left(a+b+c-\frac{ab+bc+ca+a+b+c}{4}\right)\)
Đến đây ta cần chỉ ra được : \(2\left(a+b+c-\frac{ab+bc+ca+a+b+c}{4}\right)\ge a+b+c\)(*)
Mặt khác : \(3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\le\left(a+b+c\right)^2\le\left(a+b+c\right)\sqrt{3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}=3\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(< =>ab+bc+ca\le a+b+c\)
Khi đó ta suy ra được : \(2\left(a+b+c-\frac{ab+bc+ca+a+b+c}{4}\right)\ge2\left(a+b+c-\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{4}\right)\)
\(=2\left(a+b+c-\frac{a+b+c}{2}\right)=2\left(\frac{2a+2b+2c-a-b-c}{2}\right)=2.\frac{a+b+c}{2}=a+b+c\)
Vậy bài toán đã được hoàn tất phép chứng minh . Đẳng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(a=b=c=1\)