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Ta có : \(a+b+c=3\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2=9\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=9\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2=9-2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=9-2\times6=3\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2=ab+bc+ca\)
\(\Rightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ca=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a=b=c\)
Mà \(a+b+c=3\Rightarrow a=b=c=1\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\left(1-1\right)^{2019}+\left(1^2-1\right)^{2020}+\left(1^3-1\right)^{2021}\)
\(=0^{2019}+0^{2020}+0^{2021}=0\)
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Ta có: \(2020+c^2=ab+bc+ca+c^2=\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\)
Tương tự => \(2020+a^2=\left(a+b\right)\left(c+a\right)\)
và \(2020+b^2=\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\)
=> PT = \(\frac{a-b}{\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}+\frac{b-c}{\left(a+b\right)\left(c+a\right)}+\frac{c-a}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}\)
= \(\frac{\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)+\left(b-c\right)\left(b+c\right)+\left(c-a\right)\left(c+a\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\) = \(\frac{a^2-b^2+b^2-c^2+c^2-a^2}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\) = 0
Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}a+b=x\\a+c=y\\b+c=z\end{cases}}\)
Do a+b+c = 1 \(\Leftrightarrow x+y+z=2\)
Ta có :
\(\text{Sima}\frac{a+bc}{b+c}=\text{Sima}\frac{a\left(a+b+c\right)+bc}{b+c}=\text{Sima}\frac{a^2+ab+ac+bc}{b+c}=\text{Sima}\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}{b+c}\)
\(=\text{Sima}\frac{xy}{z}=\frac{xy}{z}+\frac{xz}{y}+\frac{yz}{x}\)
Ta có : \(2\text{Sima}\frac{xy}{z}=\left(\frac{xy}{z}+\frac{xz}{y}\right)+\left(\frac{xy}{z}+\frac{yz}{x}\right)+\left(\frac{xz}{y}+\frac{yz}{x}\right)\)
\(\ge2x+2y+2z\)
\(\Rightarrow\text{Sima}\frac{xy}{z}\ge x+y+z=2\) hay \(\text{Sima}\frac{a+bc}{b+c}\ge2\)(đpcm)
Ta có
\(a+b+c=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2=36\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca=36\)
Mà \(a^2+b^2+c^2=ab+bc+ca\)
Khi đó ta có
\(3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=36\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ca=12\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}2ab+2bc+2ca=24\\2a^2+2b^2+2c^2=24\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ca=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)+\left(c^2-2ca+a^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a-b=0\\b-c=0\\c-a=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=b\\b=c\\c=a\end{cases}}}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\frac{6}{3}=2\) ( 1 )
Thay (1) vào C ta có
\(C=\left(1-2\right)^{2021}+\left(2-1\right)^{2021}+\left(2-2\right)^{2021}\)
\(=-1+1+0=0\)
Vậy ......................
\(\left(a-1\right)\left(b-1\right)\left(c-1\right)=\left(a-1\right)\left(bc-b-c+1\right)\)
\(=abc-\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+a+b+c-1\)
\(=abc-abc+1-1=0\) (đpcm)
Ta có: a3+b3+c3=3abc
<=> (a+b+c)(a2+b2+c2-ab-bc-ca)=0
<=> (a+b+c)(2a2+2b2+2c2-2ab-2bc-2ca)=0
<=> (a+b+c)[(a-b)2+(b-c)2+(c-a)2 ] = 0
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}a+b+c=0\\\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\end{cases}}\)
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}a+b+c=0\\a=b=c\end{cases}}\)
Vì a,b,c phân biệt nên a+b+c=0 => \(\hept{\begin{cases}a=-\left(b+c\right)\\b=-\left(c+a\right)\\c=-\left(a+b\right)\end{cases}}\)(*)
Lại có: \(M=\frac{ab^2}{a^2+b^2-c^2}+\frac{bc^2}{b^2+c^2-a^2}+\frac{ca^2}{c^2+a^2-b^2}\)
Thay (*) vào M ta được:
\(M=\frac{-\left(b+c\right)b^2}{\left(b+c\right)^2+\left(b+c\right)\left(b-c\right)}+\frac{-\left(c+a\right)c^2}{\left(c+a\right)^2+\left(c+a\right)\left(c-a\right)}+\frac{-\left(a+b\right)a^2}{\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(a+b\right)\left(a-b\right)}\)
\(=\frac{-\left(b+c\right)b^2}{\left(b+c\right)\left(b+c+b-c\right)}+\frac{-\left(c+a\right)c^2}{\left(c+a\right)\left(c+a+c-a\right)}+\frac{-\left(a+b\right)a^2}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+b+a-b\right)}\)
\(=\frac{-\left(b+c\right)b^2}{2b\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{-\left(c+a\right)c^2}{2c\left(c+a\right)}+\frac{-\left(a+b\right)a^2}{2a\left(a+b\right)}\)
\(=\frac{-b}{2}-\frac{c}{2}-\frac{a}{2}=\frac{-\left(b+c+a\right)}{2}\)
Mà a+b+c=0
=> M=0
Vậy M=0
\(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac=0\)
\(\Rightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ac=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(a-c\right)^2=0\) (1)
Mà: \(\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(a-c\right)^2\ge0\)
Nên PT (1) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(a-b\right)^2=0\\\left(b-c\right)^2=0\\\left(a-c\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> a = b = c
\(P=\left(a-b\right)^{2020}+\left(b-c\right)^{2021}+\left(c-a\right)^{2022}\)
\(=\left(a-a\right)^{2020}+\left(b-b\right)^{2021}+\left(c-c\right)^{2022}\)
= 0