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A= \(a^{2017}\left(a^2-8a+11\right)+b^{2017}\left(b^2-8b+11\right)=\)\(a^{2017}\left(a^2-8a+16-5\right)+b^{2017}\left(b^2-8b+16-5\right)=\)\(a^{2017}\left(\left(a-4\right)^2-\sqrt{5^2}\right)+b^{2017}\left(\left(b-4\right)^2-\sqrt{5^2}\right)\)=\(a^{2017}\left(a-4-\sqrt{5}\right)\left(a-4+\sqrt{5}\right)+b^{2017}\left(b-4-\sqrt{5}\right)\left(b-4+\sqrt{5}\right)\)= 0+0= 0
Ta có: \(a^4+b^4+c^4\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{3}\ge\frac{\left(\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}\right)^2}{3}=3\)
=> \(3abc\ge3\)=> \(abc\ge1\) ( 1)
Lại có: \(a^4+b^4+c^4+1\ge4\sqrt[4]{a^4b^4c^4}=4\left|abc\right|=4abc\)
=> \(3abc+1\ge4abc\Rightarrow abc\le1\)(2)
Từ (1); (2) => abc = 1
khi đó a = b = c = 1
=> P = 1^2019 + 1 ^2019 + 1^2019 = 3
EM tham khảo phần đầu ở link: Câu hỏi của Đinh Nguyến Nhật Minh - Toán lớp 8 - Học toán với OnlineMath
Trong 3 số a,b, c có hai số đối nhau g/s 2 số đó là a và b kho đó a=-b
=> \(\frac{1}{a^{2019}}+\frac{1}{b^{2019}}+\frac{1}{c^{2019}}=\frac{1}{\left(-b\right)^{2019}}+\frac{1}{b^{2019}}+\frac{1}{c^{2019}}=-\frac{1}{b^{2019}}+\frac{1}{b^{2019}}+\frac{1}{c^{2019}}=\frac{1}{c^{2019}}\)
và \(\frac{1}{a^{2019}+b^{2019}+c^{2019}}=\frac{1}{\left(-b\right)^{2019}+b^{2019}+c^{2019}}=\frac{1}{-b^{2019}+b^{2019}+c^{2019}}=\frac{1}{c^{2019}}\)
Do đó: \(\frac{1}{a^{2019}}+\frac{1}{b^{2019}}+\frac{1}{c^{2019}}=\frac{1}{a^{2019}+b^{2019}+c^{2019}}\)
\(a^{2019}+a^{2019}+1+1+...+1\ge2019a^2\) (2017 số 1)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^{2019}+2017\ge2019a^2\)
Tương tự: \(2b^{2019}+2017\ge2019b^2\) ; \(2c^{2019}+2017\ge2019c^2\)
Cộng vế với vế:
\(2\left(a^{2019}+b^{2019}+c^{2019}\right)+2017.3\ge2019\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow a^{2019}+b^{2019}+c^{2019}\ge\frac{2019\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)-2017.3}{2}=3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Ta thấy : \(a+b+c=1\Rightarrow a,b,c< 1\)
Lại có : \(a+b+c=a^3+b^3+c^3\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b+c-a^3-b^3-c^3=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a.\left(1-a^2\right)+b.\left(1-b^2\right)+c.\left(1-c^2\right)=0\) (*)
Do : \(a,b,c< 1\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}1-a^2>0\\1-b^2>0\\1-c^2>0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a.\left(1-a^2\right)\ge0\\b.\left(1-b^2\right)\ge0\\c.\left(1-c^2\right)\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\) mà (*) nên ta có :\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a.\left(1-a^2\right)=0\\b.\left(1-b^2\right)=0\\c.\left(1-c^2\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
Theo bài có \(a+b+c=a^3+b^3+c^3\)
nên : \(\left(a,b,c\right)\in\left\{\left(1,0,0\right),\left(0,1,0\right),\left(0,0,1\right)\right\}\)
Trong cả ba trường hợp trên thì \(M=1\)
Vậy : \(M=1\) với \(a,b,c\) thỏa mãn đề.
Ta có: \(a^2+2019=a^2+ab+bc+ca=a\left(a+b\right)+c\left(a+b\right)=\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\)
Tương tự ta có : \(b^2+2019=\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\)
\(c^2+2019=\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^2-bc}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{b^2-ac}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{c^2-ab}{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}\)\(=\frac{\left(a^2-bc\right)\left(b+c\right)+\left(b^2-ac\right)\left(a+c\right)+\left(c^2-ab\right)\left(a+b\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)}\)\(=\frac{a^2b-b^2c+a^2c-bc^2+ab^2-a^2c+b^2c-ac^2+ac^2+bc^2-a^2b-ab^2}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)}=0\)\(\Rightarrow dpcm\)
\(\text{Thay }ab+bc+ac=2019\text{ vào biểu thức trên, ta có: }\)
\(\frac{a^2-bc}{a^2+ab+bc+ac}+\frac{b^2-ac}{b^2+ab+bc+ac}+\frac{c^2-ab}{c^2+ab+bc+ac}\)
\(=\frac{\left(a^2-bc\right).\left(b+c\right)}{\left(a+c\right).\left(a+b\right).\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{\left(b^2-ac\right).\left(a+c\right)}{\left(a+b\right).\left(b+c\right).\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{\left(c^2-ab\right).\left(a+b\right)}{\left(a+c\right).\left(b+c\right).\left(a+b\right)}\)
\(=\frac{a^2b+a^2c-b^2c-bc^2+b^2a+b^2c-a^2c-ac^2+c^2a+c^2b-a^2b-ab^2}{\left(a+c\right).\left(a+b\right).\left(b+c\right)}=0\)
Vậy...