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1.
\(P=\frac{a^4}{abc}+\frac{b^4}{abc}+\frac{c^4}{abc}\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{3abc}=\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(a+b+c\right)}{3abc\left(a+b+c\right)}\)
\(P\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right).3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}.3\sqrt[3]{abc}}{3abc\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{a+b+c}\)
Dấu "=" khi \(a=b=c\)
2.
\(P=\sum\frac{a^2}{ab+2ac+3ad}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2}{4\left(ab+ac+ad+bc+bd+cd\right)}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2}{4.\frac{3}{8}\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2}=\frac{2}{3}\)
Dấu "=" khi \(a=b=c=d\)
Ta CM BĐT phụ sau: \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{2}{\sqrt{ab}},a+b\ge2\sqrt{ab}\)( co si với a,b>0)
Suy ra \(\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\left(a+b\right)\ge4\RightarrowĐPCM\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a+b}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\left(1\right)\)
a/Áp dụng (1) có
\(\frac{1}{a+b+2c}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a+c}+\frac{1}{b+c}\right)\left(2\right)\).Tương tự ta cũng có:
\(\frac{1}{b+c+2a}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{a+c}\right)\left(3\right),\frac{1}{c+a+2b}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{a+b}\right)\left(4\right)\)
Cộng (2),(3) và (4) có \(VT\le\frac{1}{4}.\left(6+6\right)=3\left(ĐPCM\right)\)
b/Áp dụng (1) có:
\(\frac{1}{3a+3b+2c}=\frac{1}{\left(a+b+2c\right)+2\left(a+b\right)}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a+b+2c}+\frac{1}{2\left(a+b\right)}\right)\left(5\right)\)
Tương tự có: \(\frac{1}{3a+2b+3c}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a+c+2b}+\frac{1}{2\left(a+c\right)}\right)\left(6\right)\)
\(\frac{1}{2a+3b+3c}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{2a+b+c}+\frac{1}{2\left(b+c\right)}\right)\left(7\right)\)
Cộng (5),(6) và (7) có:
\(VT\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a+b+2c}+\frac{1}{a+c+2b}+\frac{1}{2a+b+c}+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{a+c}\right)\right)\le\frac{1}{4}.9=\frac{3}{2}\)
1. Ta có: \(ab+bc+ca=3abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=3\)
Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{a}=m\\\frac{1}{b}=n\\\frac{1}{c}=p\end{cases}}\) khi đó \(\hept{\begin{cases}m+n+p=3\\M=2\left(m^2+n^2+p^2\right)+mnp\end{cases}}\)
Áp dụng Cauchy ta được:
\(\left(m+n-p\right)\left(m-n+p\right)\le\left(\frac{m+n-p+m-n+p}{2}\right)^2=m^2\)
\(\left(n+p-m\right)\left(n+m-p\right)\le n^2\)
\(\left(p-n+m\right)\left(p-m+n\right)\le p^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(m+n-p\right)\left(n+p-m\right)\left(p+m-n\right)\le mnp\)
\(\Leftrightarrow m^3+n^3+p^3+3mnp\ge m^2n+mn^2+n^2p+np^2+p^2m+pm^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(m+n+p\right)\left(m^2+n^2+p^2-mn-np-pm\right)+6mnp\ge mn\left(m-n\right)+np\left(n-p\right)+pm\left(p-m\right)\)
\(=mn\left(3-p\right)+np\left(3-m\right)+pm\left(3-n\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(m^2+n^2+p^2\right)-3\left(mn+np+pm\right)+6mnp\ge3\left(mn+np+pm\right)-3mnp\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(m^2+n^2+p^2\right)+9mnp\ge6\left(mn+np+pm\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow xyz\ge\frac{2}{3}\left(mn+np+pm\right)-\frac{1}{3}\left(m^2+n^2+p^2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow M\ge2\left(m^2+n^2+p^2\right)+\frac{2}{3}\left(mn+np+pm\right)-\frac{1}{3}\left(m^2+n^2+p^2\right)\)
\(=\frac{5}{3}\left(m^2+n^2+p^2\right)+\frac{2}{3}\left(mn+np+pm\right)\)
\(=\frac{4}{3}\left(m^2+n^2+p^2\right)+\frac{1}{3}\left(m^2+n^2+p^2+2mn+2np+2pm\right)\)
\(=\frac{4}{3}\left(m^2+n^2+p^2\right)+\frac{1}{3}\left(m+n+p\right)^2\)
\(\ge\frac{4}{3}\cdot3+\frac{1}{3}\cdot3^2=4+3=7\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(m=n=p=1\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
\(P=\sum\frac{ab}{a+3b+2c}=\sum\frac{ab}{a+c+b+c+2b}\le\frac{1}{9}\sum\left(\frac{ab}{a+c}+\frac{ab}{b+c}+\frac{ab}{2b}\right)=\frac{a+b+c}{6}\)
Dấu "=" có xảy ra tại \(a=b=c\)
Ối,không ngờ đề gắt ~v
Theo Cô si,ta có: \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\ge\frac{3}{\sqrt[3]{xyz}}\ge\frac{3}{\frac{x+y+z}{3}}=\frac{9}{x+y+z}\)
Suy ra \(\frac{1}{x+y+z}\le\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
Áp dụng vào,ta có: \(\frac{1}{a+2b+3c}=\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)+\left(b+c\right)+\left(b+c\right)}\)
\(\le\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{b+c}\right)\)
Chứng minh tương tự và cộng theo vế:
\(VT\le\frac{1}{9}\left[\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}\right)+2\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}\right)\right]\)
\(=\frac{1}{9}\left[3\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}\right)\right]=\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}\right)\)
Lại có BĐT \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\ge\frac{4}{x+y}\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x+y}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\)
Áp dụng vào,ta có: \(VT\le\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}\right)\)
\(\le\frac{1}{12}\left[2\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\right]=\frac{1}{6}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
Nhân abc vào mỗi vế : \(VT.abc\le\frac{1}{6}\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=\frac{abc}{6}\)
Chia cả hai vế cho abc (vì a,b,c dương nên abc khác 0): \(VT\le\frac{1}{6}< \frac{3}{16}\)(đpcm)
Cũng không biết đúng hay sai nữa :v
Bạn có thể làm cho mik bằng cách hệ số bất định được ko?Cảm ơn bạn rất nhiều
Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM: $1=a+b+c\geq 3\sqrt[3]{abc}\Rightarrow abc\leq \frac{1}{27}$
Từ đây, áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:
\(\text{VT}=\frac{a^2}{abc+a}+\frac{b^2}{abc+b}+\frac{c^2}{abc+c}\geq \frac{(a+b+c)^2}{3abc+a+b+c}=\frac{1}{3abc+1}\geq \frac{1}{3.\frac{1}{27}+1}=\frac{9}{10}\)
Ta có đpcm.
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}$
\(\frac{a}{bc}+\frac{b}{ac}+\frac{c}{ab}\ge\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{abc}\ge\frac{ab+bc+ca}{abc}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ca\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ac\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(a-c\right)^2\ge0\) ( luôn đúng )
\(\Leftrightarrow\) ĐPCM