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\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a^4-a^3+ab+2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{b^4-b^3+bc+2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{c^4-c^3+ca+2}}\)\(\left(a,b,c>0\right)\).
Với \(a,b>0\), ta có:
\(\left(a-1\right)^2\left(a^2+a+1\right)\ge0\).
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^3-1\right)\left(a-1\right)\ge0\).
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4-a^3-a+1\ge0\).
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4-a^3+1\ge a\).
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4-a^3+ab+2\ge ab+a+1\).
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{a^4-a^3+ab+2}\ge\sqrt{ab+a+1}\).
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{a^4-a^3+ab+2}}\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{ab+a+1}}\left(1\right)\).
Dấu bằng xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a-1=0\Leftrightarrow a=1\).
Chứng minh tương tự (với \(b,c>0\)), ta được:
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{b^4-b^3+bc+2}}\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{bc+b+1}}\left(2\right)\).
Dấu bằng xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow b=1\).
Chứng minh tương tự (với \(a,c>0\)), ta được:
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{c^4-c^3+ca+2}}\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{ca+a+1}}\left(3\right)\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow c=1\).
Từ \(\left(1\right),\left(2\right),\left(3\right)\), ta được:
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a^4-a^3+ab+2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{b^4-b^3+bc+2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{c^4-c^3+ca+2}}\)\(\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{ab+a+1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{bc+b+1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{ca+c+1}}\left(4\right)\).
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Bu-nhi-a-cốp-xki cho 3 số, ta được:
\(\left(1.\frac{1}{\sqrt{ab+a+1}}+1.\frac{1}{\sqrt{bc+b+1}}+1.\frac{1}{\sqrt{ca+c+1}}\right)^2\)\(\le\)\(\left(1^2+1^2+1^2\right)\)\(\left[\frac{1}{\left(\sqrt{ab+a+1}\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(\sqrt{bc+b+1}\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(\sqrt{ca+c+1}\right)^2}\right]\).
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{ab+a+1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{bc+b+1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{ca+c+1}}\right)^2\)\(\le3\left(\frac{1}{ab+b+1}+\frac{1}{bc+b+1}+\frac{1}{ca+c+1}\right)\).
Ta có:
\(\frac{1}{ab+a+1}+\frac{1}{bc+b+1}+\frac{1}{ca+c+1}\)
\(=\frac{c}{abc+ac+c}+\frac{abc}{bc+b+abc}+\frac{1}{ca+c+1}\)(vì \(abc=1\)).
\(=\frac{c}{1+ac+c}+\frac{abc}{b\left(c+1+ac\right)}+\frac{1}{ca+c+1}\)(vì \(abc=1\)).
\(=\frac{c}{1+ac+c}+\frac{ac}{1+ac+c}+\frac{1}{1+ac+c}=1\).
Do đó:
\(\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{ab+a+1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{bc+b+1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{ca+c+1}}\right)^2\le3.1=3\).
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{ab+a+1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{bc+b+1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{ca+c+1}}\le\sqrt{3}\left(5\right)\).
Từ \(\left(4\right)\)và \(\left(5\right)\), ta được:
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a^4-a^3+ab+2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{b^4-b^3+bc+2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{c^4-c^3+ca+2}}\le\)\(\sqrt{3}\)(điều phải chứng minh).
Dấu bằng xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\).
Vậy \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a^4-a^3+ab+2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{b^4-b^3+bc+2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{c^4-c^3+ca+2}}\)\(\le\sqrt{3}\)với \(a,b,c>0\)và \(abc=1\).
\(+2\)nhé, không phải \(-2\)đâu.
\(A=\frac{9}{6ab}+\frac{9}{3\left(a^2+b^2\right)}+\frac{1}{2ab}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(3+3\right)^2}{3\left(a+b\right)^2}+\frac{1}{2\cdot\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}}\)
\(=\frac{\left(3+3\right)^2}{3\cdot1^2}+\frac{1}{2\cdot\frac{1^2}{4}}=14\)
\("="\Leftrightarrow a=b=\frac{1}{2}\)
Ta có
\(\sqrt{\frac{ab}{c+ab}}=\sqrt{\frac{ab}{c\left(a+b+c\right)+ab}}\)\(=\sqrt{\frac{ab}{\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}}\)\(=\sqrt{\frac{a}{c+a}}.\sqrt{\frac{b}{c+b}}\)\(\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a}{c+a}+\frac{b}{c+b}\right)\)
Tương tự, ta có
\(\sqrt{\frac{bc}{a+bc}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{b}{a+b}+\frac{c}{a+c}\right)\)
\(\sqrt{\frac{ca}{b+ca}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{c}{c+b}+\frac{a}{b+a}\right)}\)
Cộng vế theo vế của 3 bđt ta được đpcm
2. \(BĐT\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{1+\frac{2}{a}}+\frac{1}{1+\frac{2}{b}}+\frac{1}{1+\frac{2}{c}}\ge1\)
Đặt\(\frac{2}{a}=x;\frac{2}{b}=y;\frac{2}{c}=z\)thì \(\hept{\begin{cases}x,y,z>0\\xyz=8\end{cases}}\)
Ta cần chứng minh \(\frac{1}{1+x}+\frac{1}{1+y}+\frac{1}{1+z}\ge1\Leftrightarrow\left(yz+y+z+1\right)+\left(zx+z+x+1\right)+\left(xy+x+y+1\right)\ge xyz+\left(xy+yz+zx\right)+\left(x+y+z\right)+1\)\(\Leftrightarrow x+y+z\ge6\)(Đúng vì \(x+y+z\ge3\sqrt[3]{xyz}=6\))
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi x = y = z = 2 hay a = b = c = 1
3. Ta có: \(a+b+c\le\sqrt{3}\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2\le3\)
Ta có đánh giá quen thuộc \(\left(a+b+c\right)^2\ge3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
Từ đó suy ra \(ab+bc+ca\le1\)
\(A=\frac{\sqrt{a^2+1}}{b+c}+\frac{\sqrt{b^2+1}}{c+a}+\frac{\sqrt{c^2+1}}{a+b}\ge\frac{\sqrt{a^2+ab+bc+ca}}{b+c}+\frac{\sqrt{b^2+ab+bc+ca}}{c+a}+\frac{\sqrt{c^2+ab+bc+ca}}{a+b}\)\(=\frac{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}{b+c}+\frac{\sqrt{\left(b+a\right)\left(b+c\right)}}{c+a}+\frac{\sqrt{\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}}{a+b}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}}=3\)Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
Ta có
\(\frac{2a}{\sqrt{1+a^2}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{1+b^2}}+\frac{c}{\sqrt{1+c^2}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2a}{\sqrt{ab+bc+ca+a^2}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{ab+bc+ca+b^2}}+\frac{c}{\sqrt{ab+bc+ca+c^2}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a.\frac{1}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}+b.\frac{1}{\sqrt{\left(b+a\right)\left(b+c\right)}}+c.\frac{1}{\sqrt{\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a.\frac{1}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}+2b.\frac{1}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right).4.\left(b+c\right)}}+2c.\frac{1}{\sqrt{\left(a+c\right).4.\left(b+c\right)}}\)
\(\le\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{a}{a+c}+\frac{b}{a+b}+\frac{b}{4\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{c}{a+c}+\frac{c}{4\left(b+c\right)}\)
\(=1+1+\frac{1}{4}=\frac{9}{4}\)
Ta có: \(\left(a^4-a^3+2\right)-\left(a+1\right)=\left(a-1\right)^2\left(a^2+a+1\right)\ge0\)\(\Rightarrow a^4-a^3+2\ge a+1\Leftrightarrow a^4-a^3+ab+2\ge ab+a+1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{a^4-a^3+ab+2}}\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{ab+a+1}}\)
Tương tự:\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{b^4-b^3+bc+2}}\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{bc+b+1}}\); \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{c^4-c^3+ca+2}}\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{ca+c+1}}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{ab+a+1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{bc+b+1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{ca+c+1}}\)\(\le\sqrt{3\left(\frac{1}{ab+a+1}+\frac{1}{bc+b+1}+\frac{1}{ca+c+1}\right)}\)\(\le\sqrt{3\left(\frac{c}{abc+ac+c}+\frac{ac}{abc^2+abc+ac}+\frac{1}{ca+c+1}\right)}\)\(\le\sqrt{3\left(\frac{c}{ac+c+1}+\frac{ac}{ac+c+1}+\frac{1}{ca+c+1}\right)}=\sqrt{3}\)(abc = 1)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = c = 1
ta có:
\(c+ab=c.1+ab=c\left(a+b+c\right)+ab=ca+cb+c^2+ab=\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)\)
tương tự như vậy thì \(P=\sqrt{\frac{ab}{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{bc}{\left(a+b\right)\left(c+a\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{ca}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}}\)
áp dụng bđt cô si ta có:
\(\frac{a}{a+c}+\frac{b}{b+c}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{ab}{\left(c+a\right)\left(b+c\right)}};\frac{b}{a+b}+\frac{c}{c+a}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{bc}{\left(a+b\right)\left(c+a\right)}};\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{c}{b+c}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{ca}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{b}{a+b}+\frac{c}{c+a}+\frac{a}{a+c}+\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{c}{b+c}\right)=\frac{3}{2}\left(Q.E.D\right)\)
Áp dụng bđt cô si ta có : \(a^2+bc\ge2\sqrt{a^2bc}=2a\sqrt{bc}\)\(< =>\frac{a}{a^2+bc}\le\frac{1}{2\sqrt{bc}}\)
Tương tự và cộng theo vế ta được \(LHS\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{ab}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{bc}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{ca}}\right)\)
Ta sẽ chứng minh bđt phụ sau\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{xy}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\)
Ta thấy \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{1}{xy}}< =>\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\ge\frac{1}{\sqrt{xy}}\)
Áp dụng bđt phụ trên ta có \(\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{ab}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{bc}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{ca}}\right)\le\frac{1}{2}\left[\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}\right)\right]\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)=\frac{\frac{1}{2}\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{abc}\le\frac{\frac{1}{2}abc}{abc}=\frac{1}{2}\)(đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(< =>a=b=c=3\)
bài này quan trọng là tìm đc cái bđt phụ đó thôi bạn
Áp dụng BĐT\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\ge\frac{4}{x+y}\)
Ta Có \(\frac{a}{a^2+bc}\le\frac{a}{4}.\left(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{bc}\right)\) và \(a^2+b^2+c^2\le abc\)
\(=>\frac{a}{a^2+bc}\le\frac{1}{4}.\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{a^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\right)\)
Tương tự các cái khác ta có
\(\frac{a}{a^2+bc}+\frac{b}{b^2+ac}+\frac{c}{c^2+ab}\le\frac{1}{4}.\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+1\right)\)
Ta có \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=\frac{ab+bc+ac}{abc}\le\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{abc}\le1\)
\(\frac{a}{a^2+bc}+\frac{b}{b^2+ac}+\frac{c}{c^2+ab}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(dpcm\right)\)Dấu = xảy ra <=> a=b=c=3 "_"
Học tốt
AD bất đẳng thức cô si ta được:\(a^2+b^2\ge2ab\Rightarrow ab\le\frac{a^2+b^2}{2}=2\) AD bất đẳng thức bunhiacopxki ta được:\(\left(a+b\right)^2\le\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(1^2+1^2\right)=4.2=8\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)\le2\sqrt{2}\) \(\Rightarrow\frac{ab}{a+b+2}\le\frac{2}{2\sqrt{2}+1}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}+1}\) dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi a=b=1