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Bài 1 :
a) Ta có : \(\left(1-a\right)\left(1-b\right)\left(1-c\right)=\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\)
Áp dụng bđt Cauchy : \(a+b\ge2\sqrt{ab}\) , \(b+c\ge2\sqrt{bc}\) , \(c+a\ge2\sqrt{ca}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\ge8abc\) hay \(\left(1-a\right)\left(1-b\right)\left(1-c\right)\ge8abc\)
\(a\left(b^2+c^2\right)+b\left(c^2+a^2\right)+c\left(a^2+b^2\right)+2abc=0\)
\(\Rightarrow ab^2+ac^2+bc^2+ba^2+c\left(a+b\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow ab\left(a+b\right)+c^2\left(a+b\right)+c\left(a+b\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(ab+c^2+ca+cb\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left[a\left(b+c\right)+c\left(b+c\right)\right]=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)=0\)
Từ đó a = -b hoặc b = -c hoặc c = -a
Nếu a = -b mà \(a^3+b^3+c^3=1\Rightarrow\left(-b\right)^3+b^3+c^3=1\Rightarrow c^3=1\Rightarrow c=1\)
Khi đó: \(A=\frac{1}{\left(-b\right)^{2017}}+\frac{1}{b^{2017}}+\frac{1}{1^{2017}}=0+1=1\)
Tương tự với các trường hợp b = -c và a = -c, ta tính được A = 1
a. Ta có:
\(a^2\left(b-c\right)+b^2\left(c-a\right)+c^2\left(a-b\right)=a^2\left(b-c\right)-b^2\left(b-c+a-b\right)+c^2\left(a-b\right)=a^2\left(b-c\right)-b^2\left(b-c\right)-b^2\left(a-b\right)+c^2\left(a-b\right)\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)\)
và \(ab^2-ac^2-b^3+bc^2=a\left(b^2-c^2\right)-b\left(b^2-c^2\right)=\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(b+c\right)\)
Vậy, \(A=\frac{\left(a-b\right)\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(b+c\right)}=\frac{c-a}{-c-b}=\frac{a-c}{c+b}\)
Đặt \(\left(\frac{a-b}{c},\frac{b-c}{a},\frac{c-a}{b}\right)\rightarrow\left(x,y,z\right)\)
Khi đó:\(\left(\frac{c}{a-b},\frac{a}{b-c},\frac{b}{c-a}\right)\rightarrow\left(\frac{1}{x},\frac{1}{y},\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
Ta có:
\(P\cdot Q=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)=3+\frac{y+z}{x}+\frac{z+x}{y}+\frac{x+y}{z}\)
Mặt khác:\(\frac{y+z}{x}=\left(\frac{b-c}{a}+\frac{c-a}{b}\right)\cdot\frac{c}{a-b}=\frac{b^2-bc+ac-a^2}{ab}\cdot\frac{c}{a-b}\)
\(=\frac{c\left(a-b\right)\left(c-a-b\right)}{ab\left(a-b\right)}=\frac{c\left(c-a-b\right)}{ab}=\frac{2c^2}{ab}\left(1\right)\)
Tương tự:\(\frac{x+z}{y}=\frac{2a^2}{bc}\left(2\right)\)
\(=\frac{x+y}{z}=\frac{2b^2}{ac}\left(3\right)\)
Từ ( 1 );( 2 );( 3 ) ta có:
\(P\cdot Q=3+\frac{2c^2}{ab}+\frac{2a^2}{bc}+\frac{2b^2}{ac}=3+\frac{2}{abc}\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)\)
Ta có:\(a+b+c=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3=-c^3\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+3ab\left(a+b\right)=-c^3\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\)
Khi đó:\(P\cdot Q=3+\frac{2}{abc}\cdot3abc=9\)