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Ta thấy: \(a+b\le1\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a\le1-b\\b\le1-a\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}1+a\le2-b\\1+b\le2-a\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{a}{1+b}\ge\frac{a}{2-a}\\\frac{b}{1+a}\ge\frac{b}{2-b}\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\frac{a}{1+b}+\frac{b}{1+a}\ge\frac{a}{2-a}+\frac{b}{2-b}\)
\(\Rightarrow S=\frac{a}{1+b}+\frac{b}{1+a}+\frac{1}{a+b}\ge\frac{a}{2-a}+\frac{b}{2-b}+\frac{1}{a+b}\)
\(=\frac{2}{2-a}-1+\frac{2}{2-b}-1+\frac{1}{a+b}=\frac{2}{2-a}+\frac{2}{2-b}+\frac{1}{a+b}-2\)
\(=2\left(\frac{1}{2-a}+\frac{1}{2-b}+\frac{1}{2\left(a+b\right)}-1\right)\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức sau: \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\ge\frac{9}{x+y+z}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2-a}+\frac{1}{2-b}+\frac{1}{2\left(a+b\right)}\ge\frac{9}{4-\left(a+b\right)+2\left(a+b\right)}=\frac{9}{4+a+b}\)
Lại có: \(a+b\le1\Rightarrow4+a+b\le5\Rightarrow\frac{9}{4+a+b}\ge\frac{9}{5}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2-a}+\frac{1}{2-b}+\frac{1}{2\left(a+b\right)}\ge\frac{9}{5}\Leftrightarrow2\left(\frac{1}{2-a}+\frac{1}{2-b}+\frac{1}{2\left(a+b\right)}-1\right)\ge\frac{8}{5}\)
\(\Rightarrow S\ge\frac{8}{5}.\)
Vậy \(Min_S=\frac{8}{5}.\)Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=\frac{2}{5}.\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy ta có :
\(\frac{a}{1+b}+\frac{4}{9}.a\left(1+b\right)\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a.4.a.\left(1+b\right)}{\left(1+b\right)9}}=2\sqrt{\frac{4a^2}{3^2}}=\frac{4a}{3}\)
\(\frac{b}{1+a}+\frac{4}{9}.b\left(1+a\right)\ge2\sqrt{\frac{b.4.b.\left(1+a\right)}{\left(1+a\right)9}}=2\sqrt{\frac{2^2b^2}{3^2}}=\frac{4b}{3}\)
Cộng theo vế các bất đẳng thức cùng chiều ta được :
\(\frac{a}{1+b}+\frac{b}{1+a}+\frac{4}{9}.a\left(1+b\right)+\frac{4}{9}.b\left(1+a\right)\ge\frac{4a}{3}+\frac{4b}{3}\)
\(< =>\frac{a}{1+b}+\frac{b}{1+a}\ge\frac{4a}{3}-\frac{4}{9}\left(a+ab\right)-\frac{4}{9}\left(b+ab\right)+\frac{4b}{3}\)
\(< =>\frac{a}{1+b}+\frac{b}{1+a}\ge\frac{8a}{9}+\frac{8b}{9}-\frac{4}{9}ab-\frac{4}{9}ab\)
\(< =>S\ge\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{8}{9}\left(a+b\right)-\frac{8}{9}ab=\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+a+b\right)-\frac{a+b+8ab}{9}\)
\(< =>S\ge2-\frac{a+b+8ab}{9}\)
Do \(4ab\le\left(a+b\right)^2\le1< =>a+b+8ab\le3\)
Khi đó ta được : \(S\ge2-\frac{3}{9}=2-\frac{1}{3}=\frac{5}{3}\).Đẳng thức xảy ra \(< =>a=b=\frac{1}{2}\)
Vậy GTNN của \(S=\frac{5}{3}\)đạt được khi \(a=b=\frac{1}{2}\)
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{4}{c}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}+\frac{4}{c}=4\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge4\frac{4}{a+b+c}=4.\frac{4}{6}=\frac{8}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow-\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{4}{c}\right)\le\frac{-8}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow M=1-\frac{1}{a}+1-\frac{1}{b}+1-\frac{4}{c}\)
\(=3-\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{4}{c}\right)\le3-\frac{8}{3}=\frac{1}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow M\le\frac{1}{3}\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=b\\a+b=c\\a+b+c=6\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=b=\frac{3}{2}\\c=3\end{cases}}}\)
Vậy GTLN của M là 1/3
\(A=\frac{2}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{35}{ab}+2ab\)
\(=2\left(\frac{1}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{1}{2ab}\right)+\frac{34}{ab}+\frac{17}{8}ab-\frac{1}{8}ab\)
\(\ge2.\frac{4}{a^2+b^2+2ab}+2\sqrt{\frac{34}{ab}.\frac{17}{8}ab}-\frac{1}{8}.\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A\ge2.\frac{4}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+2.\frac{17}{2}-\frac{1}{8}.\frac{4}{4^2}+17-\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A\ge\frac{1}{2}+17-\frac{1}{2}=17\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=2\)
Chúc bạn học tốt !!!
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopsi ta có:
\(\left(a^3+b\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+b\right)\ge\left(a+b\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3+b\ge\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\frac{1}{a}+b}\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^3+b}\le\frac{\frac{1}{a}+b}{\left(a+b\right)^2}\)
Tương tự \(\frac{1}{a+b^3}\le\frac{\frac{1}{b}+a}{\left(a+b\right)^2}\)
Khi đó \(\frac{1}{a^3+b}+\frac{1}{b^3+a}\le\frac{\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+a+b}{\left(a+b\right)^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow S=\frac{\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+a+b}{a+b}-\frac{1}{ab}=\frac{a+b+ab\left(a+b\right)-a-b}{ab\left(a+b\right)}=1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra tại a=b=1
Vậy..................
\(A=\left(a+b+1\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)+\frac{4}{a+b}+1-1\ge\left(a+b+1\right)2\sqrt{\left(ab\right)^2}+\frac{\left(2+1\right)^2}{a+b+1}-1\)
\(=2\left(a+b+1\right)+\frac{9}{a+b+1}-1\ge2\sqrt{ab}+1+2\sqrt{\frac{9\left(a+b+1\right)}{a+b+1}}-1\ge2+6=8\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\hept{\begin{cases}a^2=b^2\left(1\right)\\\frac{2}{a+b}=1\left(2\right)\\a+b+1=\frac{9}{a+b+1}\left(3\right)\end{cases}}\)
pt \(\left(1\right)\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a=b\) ( vì a, b > 0 )
pt \(\left(2\right)\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a=b=1\)
pt \(\left(3\right)\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(a+b+1\right)^2=9\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a+b+1=3\) ( đúng vì \(a=b=1\) )
Vậy GTNN của \(A\) là \(8\) khi \(a=b=1\)
Chúc bạn học tốt ~
\(S=\frac{a^2}{a+ab}+\frac{b^2}{b+ab}+\frac{1}{a+b}\ge\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{a+b+2ab}+\frac{1}{a+b}\ge\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{a+b+\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2}}+\frac{1}{a+b}\ge\frac{1}{1+\frac{1}{2}}+1=\frac{5}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow S_{min}=\frac{5}{3}\) khi \(a=b=\frac{1}{2}\)