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a, Áp dụng \(x^2+y^2\ge\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2}\)
Áp dụng \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\ge\frac{4}{x+y}\forall x,y>0\)
Ta có: \(A=\left(1+\frac{1}{a}\right)^2+\left(1+\frac{1}{b}\right)^2\ge\frac{\left(2+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)^2}{2}\ge\frac{\left(2+\frac{4}{a+b}\right)^2}{2}\ge\frac{\left(2+4\right)^2}{2}=18\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=\frac{1}{2}\)
b, Áp dụng \(x^2+y^2+z^2\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}\)
Áp dụng \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\ge\frac{9}{x+y+z}\forall x,y,z>0\)
Ta có: \(B=\left(1+\frac{1}{a}\right)^2+\left(1+\frac{1}{b}\right)^2+\left(1+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2\ge\frac{\left(3+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2}{3}\ge\frac{\left(3+\frac{9}{a+b+c}\right)^2}{3}\ge\frac{\left(3+6\right)^2}{3}=27\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{2}\)
* Các BĐT phụ bạn tự CM nha! Chúc bạn học tốt
Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
\(B=\frac{1}{(a+2b)(a+2c)}+\frac{1}{(b+2a)(b+2c)}+\frac{1}{(c+2a)(c+2b)}\)
\(\geq \frac{9}{(a+2b)(a+2c)+(b+2a)(b+2c)+(c+2a)(c+2b)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B\geq \frac{9}{(a^2+2ac+2ab+4bc)+(b^2+2bc+2ab+4ac)+(c^2+2bc+2ac+4ab)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B\geq \frac{9}{a^2+b^2+c^2+8(ab+bc+ac)}=\frac{9}{(a+b+c)^2+6(ab+bc+ac)}(*)\)
Theo hệ quả quen thuộc của BĐT Cô-si:
\(a^2+b^2+c^2\geq ab+bc+ac\)
\(\Rightarrow (a+b+c)^2\geq 3(ab+bc+ac)\)
\(\Rightarrow 2(a+b+c)^2\geq 6(ab+bc+ac)(**)\)
Từ \((*); (**)\Rightarrow B\geq \frac{9}{(a+b+c)^2+2(a+b+c)^2}=\frac{3}{(a+b+c)^2}\geq \frac{3}{3^2}=\frac{1}{3}\)
(do \(a+b+c\leq 3)\)
Do đó: \(B_{\min}=\frac{1}{3}\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
A = \(\dfrac{1}{b\left(a-b\right)}\) + a
<=> A= \(\dfrac{ab\left(a-b\right)}{ab\left(a-b\right)}+\dfrac{a}{ab\left(a-b\right)}\)
<=> A= \(\dfrac{a\left(ab-b^2+1\right)}{ab\left(a-b\right)}\)
<=> A=\(\dfrac{ab-b^2+1}{ba-b^2}\)
<=> A=1 + \(\dfrac{1}{ab-b^2}\)
A=\(\left(a+b\right)\left(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\right)\)
= \(\dfrac{a}{a}+\dfrac{b}{b}+\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\)
= \(2+\left(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\right)\)
Áp dụng BĐT cô si cho 2 số ta có
\(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{b}.\dfrac{b}{a}}\)
⇔\(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\ge2\)
⇔\(2+\left(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\right)\ge4\)
⇔ A ≥4
=> Min A =4
dấu "=" xảy ra khi
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{b}{a}\)
⇔a2=b2
⇔a=b
vậy Min A =4 khi a=b
Ta có: \(P=1+\left(\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{a^3b^3}+\frac{1}{b^3c^3}+\frac{1}{a^3c^3}+\frac{1}{a^3b^3c^3}\right)\)
\(P\ge a+\frac{3}{abc}+\frac{3}{a^2b^2c^2}+\frac{1}{a^3b^3c^3}=\left(1+\frac{1}{abc}\right)^3\) (BĐT Cosi cho 3 số dương)
Theo BĐT Cosi \(abc\le\left(\frac{a+b+c}{3}\right)^3=8̸\)\(\Rightarrow abc\le8\Rightarrow\frac{1}{abc}\ge\frac{1}{8}\)
Vậy \(P\ge\left(1+\frac{1}{8}\right)^3=\frac{729}{512}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=b=c=2
\(S=\left(a+\frac{1}{a}\right)^2+\left(b+\frac{1}{b}\right)^2\)
\(=a^2+\frac{1}{a^2}+b^2+\frac{1}{b^2}+4\)
Dễ có:\(a^2+b^2\ge\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2}=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}\ge\frac{2}{ab}\ge\frac{2}{\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}}=\frac{8}{\left(a+b\right)^2}=8\)
Khi đó:\(S\ge\frac{1}{2}+8+4=\frac{25}{2}\)
Vậy ta có đpcm
Ta có : A = \(a+\frac{1}{b\left(a-b\right)}\)= \(\left(a-b\right)+\frac{1}{b\left(a-b\right)}+b\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM-GM cho 3 số không âm , ta có
\(\left(a-b\right)+\frac{1}{b\left(a-b\right)}+b\) \(\ge3\sqrt[3]{\left(a-b\right)\frac{1}{b\left(a-b\right)}b}\)= 3
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi (a-b)=\(\frac{1}{b\left(a-b\right)}\)= b
=> a=2 , b=1
Vậy Min A = 3 khi a=2, b=1