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áp dụng BĐT cauchy :
\(\dfrac{b}{\left(a+\sqrt{b}\right)^2}+\dfrac{d}{\left(c+\sqrt{d}\right)^2}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{bd}{\left(a+\sqrt{b}\right)^2\left(c+\sqrt{d}\right)^2}}=\dfrac{2\sqrt{bd}}{\left(a+\sqrt{b}\right)\left(c+\sqrt{d}\right)}\)
việc còn lại cần chứng minh \(\left(a+\sqrt{b}\right)\left(c+\sqrt{d}\right)\le2\left(ac+\sqrt{bd}\right)\)(đúng theo BĐT chebyshev)(không mất tính tổng quát giả sừ \(a\le\sqrt{b};c\le\sqrt{d}\))
dấu = xảy ra khi \(a=\sqrt{b};c=\sqrt{d}\)
\(\frac{1}{a^2\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{1}{b^2\left(c+a\right)}+\frac{1}{c^2\left(a+b\right)}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{abc}{a^2\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{abc}{b^2\left(c+a\right)}+\frac{abc}{c^2\left(a+b\right)}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)( GT abc = 1 )
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{bc}{ab+ac}+\frac{ac}{ab+ac}+\frac{ab}{ac+bc}\ge\frac{3}{2}\). Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}ab=x\\bc=y\\ac=z\end{cases}\left(x,y,z>0\right)}\)ta được bất đẳng thức Nesbitt quen thuộc :
\(\frac{x}{y+z}+\frac{y}{x+z}+\frac{z}{x+y}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)( em không chứng minh )
Vậy ta có đpcm
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> x = y = z <=> a = b = c = 1
Do giả thiết abc=1abc=1 nên
\dfrac{1}{a^2\left(b+c\right)}=\dfrac{bc}{a^2bc\left(b+c\right)}=\dfrac{bc}{a\left(b+c\right)}=\dfrac{bc}{ab+ac}a2(b+c)1=a2bc(b+c)bc=a(b+c)bc=ab+acbc
Đặt x=bc,y=ca,z=abx=bc,y=ca,z=ab thì x,y,z>0x,y,z>0 và bất đẳng thức cần chứng minh trở thành bất đẳng thức quen thuộc
\dfrac{x}{y+z}+\dfrac{y}{z+x}+\dfrac{z}{x+y}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}y+zx+z+xy+x+yz≥23.
Lời giải:
\(a+b+c=abc\Rightarrow a(a+b+c)=a^2bc\)
\(\Rightarrow a(a+b+c)+bc=bc(a^2+1)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (a+b)(a+c)=bc(a^2+1)\Rightarrow a^2+1=\frac{(a+b)(a+c)}{bc}\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{1}{\sqrt{a^2+1}}=\sqrt{\frac{bc}{(a+b)(a+c)}}\)
Hoàn toàn tương tự với các phân thức còn lại
\(\Rightarrow \text{VT}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{a^2+1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{b^2+1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{c^2+1}}=\sqrt{\frac{bc}{(a+b)(a+c)}}+\sqrt{\frac{ac}{(b+a)(b+c)}}+\sqrt{\frac{ab}{(c+a)(c+b)}}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy:
\(\sqrt{\frac{bc}{(a+b)(a+c)}}+\sqrt{\frac{ac}{(b+a)(b+c)}}+\sqrt{\frac{ab}{(c+a)(c+b)}}\leq \frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{b}{a+b}+\frac{c}{a+c}\right)+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a}{b+a}+\frac{c}{b+c}\right)+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a}{c+a}+\frac{b}{c+b}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{b+a}{b+a}+\frac{c+b}{c+b}+\frac{c+a}{c+a}\right)=\frac{3}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow \text{VT}\leq \frac{3}{2}\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c=\sqrt{3}$
\(\dfrac{a}{4b^2+1}+\dfrac{b}{4a^2+1}=\dfrac{a\left(4b^2+1\right)}{4b^2+1}-\dfrac{4ab^2}{4b^2+1}+\dfrac{b\left(4a^2+1\right)}{4a^2+1}-\dfrac{4a^2b}{4b^2+1}\)
\(\ge a-\dfrac{4ab^2}{4b}+b-\dfrac{4a^2b}{4a}\) (bđt Cô-si)
=a-ab+b-ab=a+b-2ab=4ab-2ab=2ab
Lại có a+b=4ab \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}=4\ge\dfrac{2}{2\sqrt{ab}}\Rightarrow4\sqrt{ab}\ge2\Rightarrow ab\ge\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow2ab\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{4b^2+1}+\dfrac{b}{4a^2+1}\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi \(a=b=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\dfrac{a}{4b^2+1}+\dfrac{b}{4a^2+1}\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a-\dfrac{a}{4b^2+1}+b-\dfrac{b}{4a^2+1}\le a+b-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{4ab^2}{4b^2+1}+\dfrac{4ba^2}{4a^2+1}\le4ab-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\sum\dfrac{4ab^2}{4b^2+1}\le^{CS}2ab\)
\(\Rightarrow CM:2ab\le4ab-\dfrac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow ab\ge\dfrac{1}{4}\)
Từ GT \(\Rightarrow4ab=a+b\ge2\sqrt{ab}\Leftrightarrow ab\ge\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow dpcm\)
\(2\left(\dfrac{b}{a}+\dfrac{c}{b}+\dfrac{a}{c}\right)\ge\dfrac{1+a}{1-a}+\dfrac{1+b}{1-b}+\dfrac{1+c}{1-c}\)
Thay thế \(a+b+c=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(\dfrac{b}{a}+\dfrac{c}{b}+\dfrac{a}{c}\right)\ge\dfrac{2a+b+c}{b+c}+\dfrac{a+2b+c}{a+c}+\dfrac{a+b+2c}{a+b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(\dfrac{b}{a}+\dfrac{c}{b}+\dfrac{a}{c}\right)\ge\dfrac{2a}{b+c}+\dfrac{2b}{a+c}+\dfrac{2c}{a+b}+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2b}{a}+\dfrac{2c}{b}+\dfrac{2a}{c}\ge\dfrac{2a}{b+c}+\dfrac{2b}{a+c}+\dfrac{2c}{a+b}+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{2b}{a}-\dfrac{2b}{a+c}\right)+\left(\dfrac{2c}{b}-\dfrac{2c}{a+b}\right)+\left(\dfrac{2a}{c}-\dfrac{2a}{b+c}\right)\ge3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2bc}{a\left(a+c\right)}+\dfrac{2ca}{b\left(a+b\right)}+\dfrac{2ab}{c\left(b+c\right)}\ge3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{bc}{a\left(a+c\right)}+\dfrac{ca}{b\left(a+b\right)}+\dfrac{ab}{c\left(b+c\right)}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(bc\right)^2}{abc\left(a+c\right)}+\dfrac{\left(ca\right)^2}{abc\left(a+b\right)}+\dfrac{\left(ab\right)^2}{abc\left(b+c\right)}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức cộng mẫu số
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{\left(bc\right)^2}{abc\left(a+c\right)}+\dfrac{\left(ca\right)^2}{abc\left(a+b\right)}+\dfrac{\left(ab\right)^2}{abc\left(b+c\right)}\ge\dfrac{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2}{abc\left(a+b+c+a+b+c\right)}=\dfrac{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2}{2abc}\)
Chứng minh rằng \(\dfrac{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2}{2abc}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2\ge6abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2\ge3abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2+2ab^2c+2abc^2+2a^2bc\ge3abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2+2abc\left(a+b+c\right)\ge3abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2+2abc\ge3abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\ge abc\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy cho 2 bộ số thực không âm
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^2b^2+b^2c^2\ge2\sqrt{a^2b^4c^2}=2ab^2c\\b^2c^2+c^2a^2\ge2\sqrt{a^2b^2c^4}=2abc^2\\a^2b^2+c^2a^2\ge2\sqrt{a^4b^2c^2}=2a^2bc\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)\ge2abc\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\ge abc\) ( đpcm )
Vì \(\dfrac{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2}{2abc}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Vậy \(\dfrac{\left(bc\right)^2}{abc\left(a+c\right)}+\dfrac{\left(ca\right)^2}{abc\left(a+b\right)}+\dfrac{\left(ab\right)^2}{abc\left(b+c\right)}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(\dfrac{b}{a}+\dfrac{c}{b}+\dfrac{a}{c}\right)\ge\dfrac{1+a}{1-a}+\dfrac{1+b}{1-b}+\dfrac{1+c}{1-c}\)( đpcm )
Nhìn qua đã biết là đề sai rồi bạn
Cho \(a,b,c\) các giá trị lớn ví dụ \(a=b=c=2\) là thấy sai ngay
Đề bài sai
Đề đúng: \(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a}+2\sqrt{b}+3}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{b}+2\sqrt{c}+3}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{c}+2\sqrt{a}+3}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Cauchy-Schwarz đi bn