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Áp dụng tc dtsbn:
\(\dfrac{x}{2013}=\dfrac{y}{2014}=\dfrac{z}{2015}=\dfrac{x-z}{-2}=\dfrac{y-z}{-1}=\dfrac{x-y}{-1}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x-z}{2}=\dfrac{y-z}{1}=\dfrac{x-y}{1}\\ \Leftrightarrow x-z=2\left(y-z\right)=2\left(x-y\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-z\right)^3=8\left(x-y\right)^3=8\left(x-y\right)^2\left(x-y\right)=8\left(x-y\right)^2\left(y-z\right)\)
\(A=\left(\dfrac{-3}{7}.x^3.y^2\right).\left(\dfrac{-7}{9}.y.z^2\right).\left(6.x.y\right)\)
\(A=\left(\dfrac{-3}{7}x^3y^2\right).\left(\dfrac{-7}{9}yz^2\right).6xy\)
\(A=\left(\dfrac{-3}{7}.\dfrac{-7}{9}.6\right).\left(x^3.x\right)\left(y^2.y.y\right).z^2\)
\(A=2x^4y^4z^2\)
\(B=-4.x.y^3\left(-x^2.y\right)^3.\left(-2.x.y.z^3\right)^2\)
\(B=\left[\left(-4\right).\left(-2\right)\right].\left(x.x^6.x^2\right)\left(y^3.y^3.y^2\right)\left(z^6\right)\)
\(B=8x^7y^{y^8}z^6\)
\(\dfrac{x+y-2017z}{z}=\dfrac{y+z-2017x}{x}=\dfrac{z+x-2017y}{y}\)
<=> \(\dfrac{x+y}{z}-2017=\dfrac{z+y}{x}-2017=\dfrac{z+x}{y}-2017\)
<=> \(\dfrac{x+y}{z}=\dfrac{z+y}{x}=\dfrac{z+x}{y}\)
đặt x+y+z = t
=> \(\dfrac{t-z}{z}=\dfrac{t-x}{x}=\dfrac{t-y}{y}< =>\dfrac{t}{z}-1=\dfrac{t}{x}-1=\dfrac{t}{y}-1\) \(< =>\dfrac{t}{z}=\dfrac{t}{y}=\dfrac{t}{x}\)
=> x=y=z
ta lại có
\(P=\left(1+\dfrac{y}{x}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{x}{z}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{z}{y}\right)\)
vì x=y=z => P = \(\left(1+1\right)\left(1+1\right)\left(1+1\right)=8\)
\(\dfrac{x+y-z}{z}=\dfrac{y+z-x}{x}=\dfrac{x-y+z}{y}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x+y-z}{z}+2=\dfrac{y+z-x}{x}+2=\dfrac{x-y+z}{y}+2\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x+y-z}{z}+\dfrac{2z}{z}=\dfrac{y+z-x}{x}+\dfrac{2x}{x}=\dfrac{x-y+z}{y}+\dfrac{2y}{y}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x+y-z+2z}{z}=\dfrac{y+z-x+2x}{x}=\dfrac{x-y+z+2y}{y}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x+y+z}{z}=\dfrac{y+z+x}{x}=\dfrac{x+z+y}{y}\)
Điều này xảy ra khi và chỉ khi: \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+y+z=0\\x=y=z\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\circledast\)Với \(x+y+z=0\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=-z\\x+z=-y\\y+z=-x\end{matrix}\right.\)
Thay vào \(A\) ta có: \(A=\left(1+\dfrac{x}{y}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{y}{z}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{x}{z}\right)=\left(\dfrac{x+y}{y}\right)\left(\dfrac{y+z}{z}\right)\left(\dfrac{z+x}{z}\right)=\dfrac{-z.-x.-y}{xyz}=\dfrac{-xyz}{xyz}=-1\)
\(\circledast\) Với \(x=y=z\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x}{y}=1\\\dfrac{y}{z}=1\\\dfrac{x}{z}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Thay vào \(A\) ta có:
\(A=\left(1+1\right)\left(1+1\right)\left(1+1\right)=8\)
Ta có :
\(\dfrac{x+y-z}{z}=\dfrac{y+z-x}{x}=\dfrac{z+x-y}{y}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x+y+z}{z}=\dfrac{x+y+z}{x}=\dfrac{x+y+z}{y}\left(cùngcộngthêm2\right)\)
TH1: \(x+y+z\ne0\)
\(\Rightarrow x=y=z\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\left(1+1\right)\left(1+1\right)\left(1+1\right)\\ =2\cdot2\cdot2=8\)
TH2: \(x+y+z=0\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\left(y+z\right)\\y=-\left(x+z\right)\\z=-\left(y+x\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)(*)
\(\Rightarrow P=\left(1+\dfrac{-\left(y+z\right)}{y}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{-\left(z+x\right)}{z}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{-\left(x+y\right)}{z}\right)\\ =\left(1-1-\dfrac{z}{y}\right)\left(1-1-\dfrac{x}{z}\right)\left(1-1-\dfrac{y}{z}\right)\\ =\left(-\dfrac{z}{y}\right)\left(-\dfrac{x}{z}\right)\left(-\dfrac{y}{z}\right)\\ =-1\)
Vậy P=8 hoặc P=-1
\(P=\left(\dfrac{x+2y}{y}\right)\left(\dfrac{y+2z}{z}\right)\left(\dfrac{z+2x}{x}\right)\)
Ta có
\(\dfrac{x+2y-z}{z}=\dfrac{y+2z-x}{x}=\dfrac{z+2x-y}{y}=\)
\(=\dfrac{x+2y-z+y+2z-x+z+2x-y}{x+y+z}=\)
\(=\dfrac{2\left(x+y+z\right)}{x+y+z}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x+2y}{z}-1=\dfrac{y+2x}{x}-1=\dfrac{z+2x}{y}-1=2\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x+2y}{z}=\dfrac{y+2x}{x}=\dfrac{z+2x}{y}=3\)
\(\Rightarrow P=3.3.3=27\)
Áp dụng tích chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có :
\(\dfrac{y+z-x}{x}=\dfrac{z+x-y}{y}=\dfrac{x+y-z}{z}=\dfrac{x+y+z}{x+y+z}=1\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y+z-x=x\\z+x-y=y\\x+y-z=z\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y+z=2x\\z+x=2y\\x+y=2z\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(1+\dfrac{x}{y}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{y}{z}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{z}{x}\right)=\dfrac{x+y}{y}.\dfrac{y+z}{z}.\dfrac{x+z}{x}=\dfrac{2z}{y}.\dfrac{2x}{z}.\dfrac{2y}{x}=8\)
Vào đây nhé: Câu hỏi của Vũ Ngọc Minh Anh - Toán lớp 7 | Học trực tuyến
Ta có: \(\dfrac{y-z}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)}=\dfrac{y-x+x-z}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)}\)\(=\dfrac{y-x}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)}+\dfrac{x-z}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)}\) \(=\dfrac{1}{z-x}+\dfrac{1}{x-y}\)
Tương tự:
\(\dfrac{z-x}{\left(y-z\right)\left(y-x\right)}=\dfrac{1}{x-y}+\dfrac{1}{y-z}\)
\(\dfrac{x-y}{\left(z-x\right)\left(z-y\right)}=\dfrac{1}{y-z}+\dfrac{1}{z-x}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{y-z}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)}+\dfrac{z-x}{\left(y-z\right)\left(y-x\right)}+\dfrac{x-y}{\left(z-x\right)\left(z-y\right)}\) \(=\dfrac{2}{x-y}+\dfrac{2}{y-z}+\dfrac{2}{z-x}\) \(\left(đpcm\right)\)