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\(A/n_{Na_2SO_4}=0,1.2=0,2mol\\ n_{BaCl_2}=0,2.3=0,6mol\\ Na_2SO_4+BaCl_2\rightarrow BaSO_4+2NaCl\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{0,2}{1}< \dfrac{0,6}{1}\Rightarrow BaCl_2.dư\\ Na_2SO_4+BaCl_2\rightarrow BaSO_4+2NaCl\)
0,2mol 0,2mol 0,2mol 0,4mol
\(m_{rắn}=m_{BaSO_4}=0,2.233=46,6g\\ B/C_{M_{NaCl}}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,1+0,2}=\dfrac{4}{3}M\\ C_{M_{BaCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,6-0,2}{0,1+0,2}=\dfrac{4}{3}M\)
\(n_{Na_2SO_4}=0,1.2=0,2\left(mol\right);n_{BaCl_2}=0,2.3=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Na_2SO_4+BaCl_2\rightarrow BaSO_4\downarrow+2NaCl\\ Vì:\dfrac{0,2}{1}< \dfrac{0,6}{1}\rightarrow BaCl_2dư\\ n_{BaSO_4}=n_{BaCl_2\left(p.ứ\right)}=n_{Na_2SO_4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ a,m_{rắn}=m_{BaSO_4}=233.0,2=46,6\left(g\right)\)
b, Dung dịch sau phản ứng có: NaCl và BaCl2 dư
\(n_{BaCl_2\left(dư\right)}=0,6-0,2=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ n_{NaCl}=0,2.2=0,4\left(mol\right)\\V_{ddsau}=0,1+0,2=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ C_{MddBaCl_2}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,3}=\dfrac{4}{3}\left(M\right);C_{MddNaCl}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,3}=\dfrac{4}{3}\left(M\right)\)
PTHH: \(2AgNO_3+CaCl_2\rightarrow Ca\left(NO_3\right)_2+2AgCl\downarrow\)
Ta có: \(n_{AgNO_3}=\dfrac{1,7}{170}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{AgCl}=0,01\left(mol\right)\\n_{CaCl_2}=n_{Ca\left(NO_3\right)_2}=0,005\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{CaCl_2}=0,005\cdot111=0,555\left(g\right)\\m_{AgCl}=0,01\cdot143,5=1,435\left(g\right)\\C_{M_{Ca\left(NO_3\right)_2}}=\dfrac{0,005}{0,07+0,03}=0,05\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2,7}{27}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ 2Al+3CuCl_2\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3Cu\\ n_A=n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ n_B=n_{Cu}=\dfrac{3}{2}.0,1=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ m_B=m_{Cu}=0,15.64=9,6\left(g\right)\\ C_{MddAlCl_3}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2}=0,5\left(M\right)\)
a. PTHH: \(CuSO_4+2NaOH--->Na_2SO_4+Cu\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow\)
b. Đổi 100ml = 0,1 lít
Ta có: \(n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{9,8}{98}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{CuSO_4}=n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{CuSO_4}=0,1.160=16\left(g\right)\)
c. Theo PT: \(n_{NaOH}=2.n_{CuSO_4}=2.0,1=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(C_{M_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,1}=2M\)
a) $CuSO_4 + 2NaOH \to Cu(OH)_2 + Na_2SO_4$
b) $n_{Cu(OH)_2} = n_{CuSO_4} = \dfrac{16}{160} = 0,1(mol)$
$m_{Cu(OH)_2} = 0,1.98 = 9,8(gam)$
c) $n_{NaOH} = 2n_{CuSO_4} = 0,2(mol) \Rightarrow C_{M_{NaOH}} = \dfrac{0,2}{0,1} = 2M$
PTHH: \(CuSO_4+2NaOH\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+Cu\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow\)
Ta có: \(n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{NaOH}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,1}=2\left(M\right)\\m_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,1\cdot98=9,8\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=1.0,2=0,2(mol)\\ H_2SO_4+BaCl_2\to BaSO_4\downarrow+2HCl\\ \Rightarrow n_{BaSO_4}=n_{BaCl_2}=0,2(mol)\\ a,m_{BaSO_4}=0,2.233=46,6(g)\\ b,V_{dd_{BaCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,2}{1,5}\approx 0,13(l)\\ c,n_{HCl}=0,4(mol)\\ \Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,2+0,13}\approx 1,21M\)
\(d,\) Dd sau p/ứ là HCl nên làm quỳ tím hóa đỏ
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,2.1=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ H_2SO_4+BaCl_2\rightarrow BaSO_4+2HCl\\ n_{BaCl_2}=n_{BaSO_4}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl}=2.0,2=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ a,m_{\downarrow}=m_{BaSO_4}=0,2.233=46,6\left(g\right)\\ b,V_{\text{dd}BaCl_2}=\dfrac{0,2}{1,5}=\dfrac{2}{15}\left(l\right)\\ c,C_{M\text{dd}HCl}=\dfrac{0,4}{\dfrac{2}{15}+0,2}=1,2\left(M\right)\\ d,V\text{ì}.c\text{ó}.\text{dd}.HCl\Rightarrow Qu\text{ỳ}.ho\text{á}.\text{đ}\text{ỏ}\)
Bài 1:
PTHH: \(BaO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow BaSO_4+H_2O\)
Bđ____0,05___0,2
Pư____0,05___0,05_______0,05
Kt____0______0,15_______0,05
\(m_{kt}=m_{BaSO_4}=0,05.233=11,65\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddsaupư}=7,65+200-11,65=196\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%ddH_2SO_4=7,5\%\)
Bài 2: \(Fe_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2FeCl_3+3H_2O\)
bđ___0,1_______0,5
pư__1/12_______0,5_____1/6
kt ___1/60______0_______1/6
\(m_{FeCl_3}=\dfrac{1}{6}.162,5\approx27g\)
\(C_{MddFeCl_3}=\dfrac{1}{6}:0,5\approx0,3M\)
a)
$K_2SO_4 + BaCl_2 \to BaSO_4 + 2KCl$
b)
$n_{K_2SO_4} = 0,2.2 = 0,4(mol)$
$n_{BaCl_2} = 0,3.1 = 0,3(mol)$
Ta thấy :
$n_{K_2SO_4} : 1 > n_{BaCl_2} : 1$ nên $K_2SO_4$ dư
$n_{BaSO_4} = n_{BaCl_2} = 0,3(mol)$
$m_{BaSO_4} = 0,3.233 = 69,9(gam)$
c) $n_{K_2SO_4} = 0,4 - 0,3 = 0,1(mol)$
$V_{dd\ sau\ pư} = 0,2 + 0,3 = 0,5(lít)$
$C_{M_{K_2SO_4} } = \dfrac{0,1}{0,5} = 0,2M$
$C_{M_{KCl}} = \dfrac{0,6}{0,5} = 1,2M$
\(n_{AgNO3}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{CaCl2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
PT: 2AgNO3 + CaCl2\(\rightarrow\) 2AgCl\(\downarrow\)+ Ca(NO3)2
0,2 0,1 (mol)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(n_{CaCl2pư}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{CaCl2}\)dư=0,05(mol)
\(\Rightarrow C_{MCaCl2}\)dư =\(\dfrac{0,05}{0,2+0,1}\)=\(\)0,17M
\(\Rightarrow n_{Ca\left(NO3\right)2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{MCa\left(NO3\right)2}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,3}=0,3M\)