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Theo đề bài ta có : ⎧⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎨⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎩VddH2O4=601,2=50(ml)nNaOH=20.20100.40=0,1(mol){VddH2O4=601,2=50(ml)nNaOH=20.20100.40=0,1(mol)
nFe = 1,68/56 = 0,03 mol
a) Ta có PTHH :
2NaOH + H2SO4 -> Na2SO4 + 2H2O
0,1mol......0,05mol
=> CMH2SO4 = 0,05/0,05=1(M)
CH3COOH + Mg ---> CH3COOMg + 1/2H2
(mol) 0,026 0,026 0,013
a) nCH3COOMg = 2,13 : 83 = 0,026 mol
=> C\(_M\)CH3COOH = 0,026 : 0,02 = 1,3 M
b) V\(_{H2}\)= 0,013 . 22,4 = 0,2912(lit)
c) CH3COOH + NaOH ----> CH3COONa + H2O
Fe2O3 + 3H2SO4 ----> Fe2(SO4)3 + 3H2O
0,075 0,225 0,075 (mol)
Al2O3 + 3H2SO4 ----> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2O
0,1 0,3 0,1 (mol)
=> nH2SO4 = 0,225 + 0,3 = 0,525 (mol)
=> VH2SO4 = 0,525:2 = 0,2625 (l)
Nồng độ mol/l của Fe2(SO4)3 là:
CM = 0,075/0,2625 = 2/7 (M)
Nồng độ mol/l của Al2(SO4)3 là:
CM = 0,1/0,2625 = 8/21 (M)
2NaOH + H2SO4 → Na2SO4 + 2H2O
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,1\times0,5=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
a) Theo PT: \(n_{NaOH}=2n_{H_2SO_4}=2\times0,05=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{ddNaOH}=\dfrac{0,1}{1}=0,1\left(l\right)=100\left(ml\right)\)
b) Theo PT: \(n_{Na_2SO_4}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{dd}saupư=V_{ddH_2SO_4}+V_{ddNaOH}=100+100=200\left(ml\right)=0,2\left(l\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{0,05}{0,2}=0,25\left(M\right)\)
Gọi nNa2CO3 = x (mol)
Na2CO3 + 2HCl \(\rightarrow\) 2NaCl + H2O + CO2
x \(\rightarrow\) 2x \(\rightarrow\) 2 x (mol)
C%(NaCl) = \(\frac{2.58,5x}{200+120}\) . 100% = 20%
=> x =0,547 (mol)
mNa2CO3 = 0,547 . 106 = 57,982 (g)
mHCl = 2 . 0,547 . 36,5 =39,931 (g)
C%(Na2CO3) =\(\frac{57,892}{200}\) . 100% = 28,946%
C%(HCl) = \(\frac{39,931}{120}\) . 100% = 33,28%
Fe2O3 + 3H2SO4 \(\rightarrow\)Fe2(SO4)3 + 3H2O
nFe2O3=\(\dfrac{4}{160}=0,025\left(mol\right)\)
theo PTHH ta có:
nFe2(SO4)3 =nFe2O3=0,025(mol)
nH2SO4=3nFe2O3=0,075(mol)
mFe2(SO4)3=0,025.400=10(g)
mH2SO4=0,075.98=7,35(g)
mdd H2SO4=\(7,35:\dfrac{9,8}{100}=75\left(g\right)\)
C% dd Fe2(SO4)3=\(\dfrac{10}{75+4}.100\%=12,66\%\)
a, nH2=\(\dfrac{4.48}{22.4}\)=0.2
R + H2SO4 -----> RSO4 + H2
0.2<----------0.2<------------------0.2<--------0.2
MR= \(\dfrac{4.8}{0.2}\) =24 -----> Mg
b, VH2SO4 = \(\dfrac{0,2}{0.5}\) =0,4(l)
Mg + 2HCl ->MgCl2 + H2
nMg=\(\dfrac{18}{24}=0,75\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PTHH ta cso:
nMg=nH2=0,75(mol)
VH2=0,75.22,4=16,8(lít)
b;
Theo PTHH ta cso:
2nMg=nHCl=1,5(mol)
mHCl=1,5.36,5=54,75(g)
C% dd HCl=\(\dfrac{54,75}{500}.100\%=10,95\%\)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
a) \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{10,8}{27}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Theo pt: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=\dfrac{3}{2}.0,4=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=0,6.22,4=13,44\left(l\right)\)
b) Theo pt: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=\dfrac{3}{2}.0,4=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,6.98=58,8g\)
\(C_{\%}dd_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{m_{ct}}{m_{dd}}.100\%=\dfrac{58,8}{200}.100\%=29,4\%\)
c) Theo pt: \(n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{n_{Al}}{2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,2.342=68,4\left(g\right)\)
Áp dụng định luật bảo toàn khối lượng
\(m_{dd_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right) _3}}=m_{Al}+m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}-m_{H_2}\)
\(=10,8+200-0,6.2=209,6g\)
\(C_{\%_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}}=\dfrac{68,4}{209,6}.100\%\approx32,6\%\)