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\(a,Gọi\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CH_4}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{C_2H_4}=b\left(mol\right)\\n_{C_2H_2}=c\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ n_{hhkhí}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{15,68}{22,4}=0,7\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Br_2}=\dfrac{64}{160}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:C_2H_4+Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_4Br_2\\ Mol:a\rightarrow a\\ C_2H_2+2Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_2Br_4\\ Mol:b\rightarrow2b\\ CH_4+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2+2H_2O\\ Mol:a\rightarrow2a\rightarrow a\)
\(C_2H_4+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2CO_2+2H_2O\\ Mol:b\rightarrow3b\rightarrow2b\\ 2C_2H_2+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}4CO_2+2H_2O\\ Mol:c\rightarrow2,5c\rightarrow2c\\ Hệ.pt\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b+c=0,4\\b+2c=0,4\\a+2b+2c=0,7\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\left(mol\right)\\b=0,2\left(mol\right)\\c=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\%V_{CH_4}=\%V_{C_2H_2}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,4}=25\%\\ \%V_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,4}=50\%\)
\(m_{CH_4}=0,1.16=1,6\left(g\right)\\ m_{C_2H_4}=28.0,2=5,6\left(g\right)\\ m_{C_2H_2}=0,1.26=2,6\left(g\right)\\ \%m_{CH_4}=\dfrac{1,6}{1,6+5,6+2,6}=16,32\%\\ \%m_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{5,6}{1,6+5,6+2,6}=57,14\%\\ \%m_{C_2H_2}=100\%-16,32\%-57,14\%=26,54\%\)
\(b,PTHH:C_2H_5OH\rightarrow C_2H_4+H_2O\\ Mol:0,2\leftarrow0,2\\ m_{C_2H_5OH}=0,2.46=9,2\left(g\right)\)
Dài quá!!!
1.
Al4C3 + 12H2O -> 4Al(OH)3 + 3CH4
khối lượng Al4C3 thực là 14,4 - 30%.14,4 = 10,08(g)
nAl4C3 = 0,07 (mol) -> nCH4 = 0,21 (mol)
-> VCH4 = 0,21 . 22,4 = 4,704 (l)
2. Gọi x, y lần lượt là số mol của C2H2 và C2H4 trong 5,6 lít hỗn hợp.
C2H2 + 2Br2 → C2H2Br4
x
C2H4 + Br2 → C2H2Br2
y
Ta có: x + y = 5,6/22,4 = 0,25
dd Br2 nặng thêm = mC2H2 + mC2H2 = 26x + 28y = 6,8
-> x = 0,1 mol; y = 0,15 mol
Vậy: VC2H2 = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24 (l)
VC2H2 = 0,15. 22,4 = 3,36 (l)
a)
\(n_{Br_2}=\dfrac{8}{160}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: C2H4 + Br2 --> C2H4Br2
0,05<-0,05
=> \(n_{CH_4}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}-0,05=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\%m_{CH_4}=\dfrac{0,1.16}{0,1.16+0,05.28}.100\%=53,33\%\)
\(\%m_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{0,05.28}{0,1.16+0,05.28}.100\%=46,67\%\)
b)
PTHH: CH4 + 2O2 --to--> CO2 + 2H2O
0,1-->0,2
C2H4 + 3O2 --to--> 2CO2 + 2H2O
0,05--->0,15
=> \(V_{O_2}=\left(0,2+0,15\right).22,4=7,84\left(l\right)\)
CH4+2O2-to>CO2+2H2O
x-----------------------------2x
C2H2+\(\dfrac{5}{2}\)O2-to>2CO2+H2O
y-----------------------------------y
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}\\2x+y=\dfrac{4,5}{18}\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,05\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>%VCH4=\(\dfrac{0,1.22,4}{3,36}\).100=66,67%
=>%VC2H2=100-66,67%=33,33%
b)
C2H2+2Br2->C2H2Br4
0,05-----0,1 mol
=>m Br2=0,1.160=16g
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}CH_4:x\left(mol\right)\\C_2H_4:y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)⇒ x + y = \(\dfrac{8,96}{22,4} = 0,4\)(1)
\(m_{CO_2} + m_{H_2O} = m_{bình\ tăng} = 45,2(gam)\)
Bảo toàn nguyên tố với C:\(n_{CO_2} = x + 2y(mol)\)
Bảo toàn nguyên tố với H:\(n_{H_2O} = 2x + 2y (mol)\)
Suy ra :(x + 2y).44 + (2x+2y).18 = 45,2(2)
Từ (1)(2) suy ra: x = 0,1 ; y = 0,3
Vậy :
\(\%V_{CH_4} = \dfrac{0,1}{0,4}.100\% = 25\%\\ \%V_{C_2H_4} = 100\% - 25\% = 75\%\\ CO_2 + Ca(OH)_2 \to CaCO_3 + H_2O\\ n_{CaCO_3} = n_{CO_2} = 0,1 + 0,3.2 = 0,7(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m = 0,7.100 = 70(gam)\)
1. \(n_{Br_2}=0,4.0,5=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(C_2H_4+Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_4Br_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{C_2H_4}=n_{Br_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{C_2H_4}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
2. \(n_{C_2H_4Br_2}=\dfrac{9,4}{188}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(C_2H_4+Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_4Br_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{C_2H_4}=n_{C_2H_4Br_2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\%V_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{0,05.22,4}{1,4}.100\%=80\%\)
\(\Rightarrow\%V_{CH_4}=100-80=20\%\)
mtăng = mC2H4
=> \(n_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{5,6}{28}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(n_{CH_4}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}-0,2=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CH4 + 2O2 --to--> CO2 + 2H2O
0,2--->0,4
C2H4 + 3O2 --to--> 2CO2 + 2H2O
0,2---->0,6
=> VO2 = (0,4 + 0,6).22,4 = 22,4 (l)
=> Vkk = 22,4.5 = 112 (l)