Hãy nhập câu hỏi của bạn vào đây, nếu là tài khoản VIP, bạn sẽ được ưu tiên trả lời.
7. \(S=9y^2-12\left(x+4\right)y+\left(5x^2+24x+2016\right)\)
\(=9y^2-12\left(x+4\right)y+4\left(x+4\right)^2+\left(x^2+8x+16\right)+1936\)
\(=\left[3y-2\left(x+4\right)\right]^2+\left(x-4\right)^2+1936\ge1936\)
Vậy \(S_{min}=1936\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\hept{\begin{cases}3y-2\left(x+4\right)=0\\x-4=0\end{cases}}\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=4\\y=\frac{16}{3}\end{cases}}\)
8. \(x^2-5x+14-4\sqrt{x+1}=0\) (ĐK: x > = -1).
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left(x+1\right)-4\sqrt{x+1}+4+\left(x^2-6x+9\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left(\sqrt{x+1}-2\right)^2+\left(x-3\right)^2=0\)
Với mọi x thực ta luôn có: \(\left(\sqrt{x+1}-2\right)^2\ge0\) và \(\left(x-3\right)^2\ge0\)
Suy ra \(\left(\sqrt{x+1}-2\right)^2+\left(x-3\right)^2\ge0\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(\sqrt{x+1}-2\right)^2=0\\\left(x-3\right)^2=0\end{cases}}\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) x = 3 (Nhận)
7. \(S=9y^2-12\left(x+4\right)y+\left(5x^2+24x+2016\right)\)
\(=9y^2-12\left(x+4\right)y+4\left(x+4\right)^2+\left(x^2+8x+16\right)+1936\)
\(=\left[3y-2\left(x+4\right)\right]^2+\left(x-4\right)^2+1936\ge1936\)
Vậy \(S_{min}=1936\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\hept{\begin{cases}3y-2\left(x+4\right)=0\\x-4=0\end{cases}}\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=4\\y=\frac{16}{3}\end{cases}}\)
\(\frac{b\left(2a-b\right)}{a\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{c\left(2b-c\right)}{b\left(c+a\right)}+\frac{a\left(2c-a\right)}{c\left(a+b\right)}\le\frac{3}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[2-\frac{b\left(2a-b\right)}{a\left(b+c\right)}\right]+\left[2-\frac{c\left(2b-c\right)}{b\left(c+a\right)}\right]+\left[2-\frac{a\left(2c-a\right)}{c\left(a+b\right)}\right]\ge\frac{9}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{b^2+2ca}{a\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{c^2+2ab}{b\left(c+a\right)}+\frac{a^2+2bc}{c\left(a+b\right)}\ge\frac{9}{2}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Schwarz, ta có :
\(\frac{b^2}{a\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{c^2}{b\left(c+a\right)}+\frac{a^2}{c\left(a+b\right)}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a\left(b+c\right)+b\left(c+a\right)+c\left(a+b\right)}=\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)}\)( 1 )
\(\frac{ac}{a\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{ab}{b\left(c+a\right)}+\frac{bc}{c\left(a+b\right)}=\frac{c^2}{c\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{a^2}{a\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{b^2}{b\left(a+b\right)}\) ( 2 )
\(\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+bc+ac}\)
Cộng ( 1 ) với ( 2 ), ta được :
\(\frac{b^2+2ca}{a\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{c^2+2ab}{b\left(c+a\right)}+\frac{a^2+2bc}{c\left(a+b\right)}\)
\(\ge\left(a+b+c\right)^2\left(\frac{1}{2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)}+\frac{2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+bc+ac}\right)\)
\(\ge\left(a+b+c\right)^2\left(\frac{\left(1+2\right)^2}{2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)+2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+bc+ac\right)}\right)=\frac{9}{2}\)
không biết cách này ổn không
Ta có : \(\frac{b\left(2a-b\right)}{a\left(b+c\right)}=\frac{2-\frac{b}{a}}{\frac{c}{b}+1}\) ; tương tự :...
đặt \(\frac{a}{c}=x;\frac{b}{a}=y;\frac{c}{b}=z\Rightarrow xyz=1\)
\(\Sigma\frac{2-y}{z+1}\le\frac{3}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\Sigma xy^2+2\Sigma x^2+\Sigma xy\ge3\Sigma x+6\)( quy đồng khử mẫu )
\(\Leftrightarrow\Sigma\frac{x}{y}\ge\Sigma x\)( xyz = 1 ) ( luôn đúng )
\(\Rightarrowđpcm\)
Bài 1:Với \(ab=1;a+b\ne0\) ta có:
\(P=\frac{a^3+b^3}{\left(a+b\right)^3\left(ab\right)^3}+\frac{3\left(a^2+b^2\right)}{\left(a+b\right)^4\left(ab\right)^2}+\frac{6\left(a+b\right)}{\left(a+b\right)^5\left(ab\right)}\)
\(=\frac{a^3+b^3}{\left(a+b\right)^3}+\frac{3\left(a^2+b^2\right)}{\left(a+b\right)^4}+\frac{6\left(a+b\right)}{\left(a+b\right)^5}\)
\(=\frac{a^2+b^2-1}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+\frac{3\left(a^2+b^2\right)}{\left(a+b\right)^4}+\frac{6}{\left(a+b\right)^4}\)
\(=\frac{\left(a^2+b^2-1\right)\left(a+b\right)^2+3\left(a^2+b^2\right)+6}{\left(a+b\right)^4}\)
\(=\frac{\left(a^2+b^2-1\right)\left(a^2+b^2+2\right)+3\left(a^2+b^2\right)+6}{\left(a+b\right)^4}\)
\(=\frac{\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2+4\left(a^2+b^2\right)+4}{\left(a+b\right)^4}=\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+2\right)^2}{\left(a+b\right)^4}\)
\(=\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+2ab\right)^2}{\left(a+b\right)^4}=\frac{\left[\left(a+b\right)^2\right]^2}{\left(a+b\right)^4}=1\)
Bài 2: \(2x^2+x+3=3x\sqrt{x+3}\)
Đk:\(x\ge-3\)
\(pt\Leftrightarrow2x^2-3x\sqrt{x+3}+\sqrt{\left(x+3\right)^2}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-2x\sqrt{x+3}-x\sqrt{x+3}+\sqrt{\left(x+3\right)^2}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x\left(x-\sqrt{x+3}\right)-\sqrt{x+3}\left(x-\sqrt{x+3}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\sqrt{x+3}\right)\left(2x-\sqrt{x+3}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x+3}=x\\\sqrt{x+3}=2x\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x+3=x^2\left(x\ge0\right)\\x+3=4x^2\left(x\ge0\right)\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x^2-x-3=0\left(x\ge0\right)\\4x^2-x-3=0\left(x\ge0\right)\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{1+\sqrt{13}}{2}\\x=1\end{cases}\left(x\ge0\right)}\)
Bài 4:
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(2\sqrt{ab}\le a+b\le1\Rightarrow b\le\frac{1}{4a}\)
Ta có: \(a^2-\frac{3}{4a}-\frac{a}{b}\le a^2-\frac{3}{4a}-4a^2=-\left(3a^2+\frac{3}{4a}\right)\)
\(=-\left(3a^2+\frac{3}{8a}+\frac{3}{8a}\right)\le-3\sqrt[3]{3a^2\cdot\frac{3}{8a}\cdot\frac{3}{8a}}=-\frac{9}{4}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=\frac{1}{2}\)
2) Do \(\dfrac{1}{a+1}+\dfrac{1}{b+1}+\dfrac{1}{c+1}=2\\\)\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a+1}=2-\left(\dfrac{1}{b+1}+\dfrac{1}{c+1}\right)\)
=\(\dfrac{b}{b+1}+\dfrac{c}{c+1}\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có
\(\dfrac{1}{a+1}=\dfrac{b}{b+1}+\dfrac{c}{c+1}\) \(\ge\)\(2\sqrt{\dfrac{bc}{\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)}}\)
Tương tự ta được
\(\dfrac{1}{b+1}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{ca}{\left(c+1\right)\left(a+1\right)}}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{c+1}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{ab}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)}}\)
Nhân vế theo vế của 3 BĐT cùng chiều ta được
\(\dfrac{1}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)}\)\(\ge\dfrac{8abc}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow abc\le\dfrac{1}{8}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra\(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
34, Quảng Ninh
Cho x;y;z > 0 thỏa mãn x + y + z < 1
Tìm GTNN của biểu thức \(P=\frac{1}{x^2+y^2+z^2}+\frac{2019}{xy+yz+zx}\)
Ta có bđt sau : \(\frac{m^2}{a}+\frac{n^2}{b}\ge\frac{\left(m+n\right)^2}{a+b}\left(a;b>0\right)\)
Áp dụng ta được \(P=\frac{1}{x^2+y^2+z^2}+\frac{2019}{xy+yz+zx}\)
\(=\frac{1}{x^2+y^2+z^2}+\frac{4}{2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}+\frac{2017}{xy+yz+zx}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(1+2\right)^2}{x^2+y^2+z^2+2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}+\frac{2017}{\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}}\)
\(=\frac{9}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}+\frac{6051}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}\)
\(=\frac{6060}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}\ge\frac{6060}{1}=6060\)
Dấu "=" tại x = y = z = 1/3
39, Chuyên Hưng Yên
Với x;y là các số thực thỏa mãn \(\left(x+2\right)\left(y-1\right)=\frac{9}{4}\)
Tìm \(A_{min}=\sqrt{x^4+4x^3+6x^2+4x+2}+\sqrt{y^4-8y^3+24y^2-32y+17}\)
Ta có \(A=\sqrt{x^4+4x^3+6x^2+4x+2}+\sqrt{y^4-8y^3+24y^2-32y+17}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(x+1\right)^4+1}+\sqrt{\left(y-2\right)^4+1}\)
Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+1=a\\y-2=b\end{cases}}\)
Thì \(A=\sqrt{a^4+1}+\sqrt{b^4+1}\)và giả thiết đã cho trở thành \(\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)=\frac{9}{2}\)
Ta có bất đẳng thức \(\sqrt{x^2+y^2}+\sqrt{z^2+t^2}\ge\sqrt{\left(x+z\right)^2+\left(y+t\right)^2}\)(1)
Thật vậy
\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2+2\sqrt{\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(z^2+t^2\right)}+z^2+t^2\ge x^2+2xz+z^2+y^2+2yt+t^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x^2z^2+x^2t^2+y^2z^2+y^2t^2}\ge xz+yt\)
*Nếu xz + yt < 0 thì bđt luôn đúng
*Nếu xz + yt > 0 thì bđt tương đương với
\(x^2z^2+x^2t^2+y^2z^2+y^2t^2\ge x^2z^2+2xyzt+y^2t^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2t^2-2xyzt+y^2z^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(xt-yz\right)^2\ge0\)(Luôn đúng)
Vậy bđt (1) được chứng minh
Áp dụng (1) ta được \(A=\sqrt{a^4+1}+\sqrt{b^4+1}\ge\sqrt{\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2+\left(1+1\right)^2}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2+4}\)
Ta có \(\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)=\frac{9}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab+a+b+1=\frac{9}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab+a+b=\frac{5}{4}\)
Áp dụng bđt Cô-si có \(a^2+b^2\ge2ab\)
\(2\left(a^2+\frac{1}{4}\right)\ge2a\)
\(2\left(b^2+\frac{1}{4}\right)\ge2b\)
Cộng 3 vế vào được
\(3\left(a^2+b^2\right)+1\ge2\left(ab+a+b\right)=\frac{5}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2\ge\frac{1}{2}\)
Khi đó \(A\ge\sqrt{\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2+4}\ge\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}+4}=\frac{\sqrt{17}}{3}\)
Dấu ''=" tại \(\hept{\begin{cases}a=\frac{1}{2}\\b=\frac{1}{2}\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}x+1=\frac{1}{2}\\y-2=\frac{1}{2}\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}x=-\frac{1}{2}\\y=\frac{5}{2}\end{cases}}\)
Câu 1:ĐkXĐ \(x\ge-\frac{1}{4}\)
\(\left(2\sqrt{x+2}-\sqrt{4x+1}\right)\left(2x+3+\sqrt{4x^2+9x+2}\right)=7\)(theo đề ở dưới)
Nhân liên hợp ta có
\(\left(4\left(x+2\right)-4x-1\right)\left(2x+3+\sqrt{4x^2+9x+2}\right)=7\left(2\sqrt{x+2}+\sqrt{4x+1}\right)\)<=>\(2x+3+\sqrt{4x^2+9x+2}=2\sqrt{x+2}+\sqrt{4x+1}\)(1)
Đặt \(2\sqrt{x+2}+\sqrt{4x+1}=t\left(t\ge0\right)\)
=> \(t^2=8x+9+4\sqrt{4x^2+9x+2}\)
=> \(\frac{t^2-8x-9}{4}=\sqrt{4x^2+9x+2}\)
Khi đó (1)
<=> \(2x+3+\frac{t^2-8x-9}{4}=t\)
<=> \(\frac{3}{4}+\frac{t^2}{4}=t\)
=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=1\\t=3\end{matrix}\right.\)(tm)
+ \(t=1\) => \(\sqrt{4x^2+9x+2}=-2x-2\)
Mà \(x\ge-\frac{1}{4}\)
=> pt vô nghiệm
+ t=3 => \(\sqrt{4x^2+9x+2}=-2x\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\le0\\9x+2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(x=-\frac{2}{9}\)(tmĐKXĐ)
Vậy x=-2/9
Câu 3:
\(\frac{1}{a+bc}+\frac{1}{b+ac}=\frac{1}{a+b}\)
<=> \(\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(c+1\right)}{\left(a+bc\right)\left(b+ac\right)}=\frac{1}{a+b}\)
<=> \(\left(a+b\right)^2\left(c+1\right)=ab\left(c^2+1\right)+c\left(a^2+b^2\right)\)
<=> \(2abc+a^2+b^2+ab=abc^2\)
<=> \(\left(a^2+b^2+2ba\right)=ab\left(c^2-2c+1\right)\)
<=> \(\left(a+b\right)^2=ab\left(c-1\right)^2\)
=> ab>0 , ab là bình phương của số hữu tỉ
=> \(c-1=\frac{a+b}{\sqrt{ab}}\)
=> \(c+1=\frac{a+b}{\sqrt{ab}}+2=\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)^2}{\sqrt{ab}}\)
Khi đó
\(\frac{c-3}{c+1}=1-\frac{4}{c+1}=1-\frac{4\sqrt{ab}}{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)^2}=\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2}{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)^2}\)
Mà \(\frac{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}}=\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2}{a-b}=\frac{a+b-2\sqrt{ab}}{a-b}\)là số hữu tỉ do ab là bình phương của số hữu tỉ
=> \(\frac{c-3}{c+1}\)là bình phương của số hữu tỉ(ĐPCM)