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1.i will get a work permit. i will stay for another month.
=>if I don’t get a work permit, I won’t stay for another month.
2.he doesn't take any exercies. he is so unheathy.
=>if he took any exaecises, he would be healthy.
3. we can't get the ticket because i don't have the right change.
=>if I had the right chance, we could get the ticket.
4.study hard or you won't pass the exam.
=>if you don’t study hard, you won’t pass the exam.
5.don't be impatient or you will make mistakes.
=>if you are impatient, you will make mistakes.
6.i didn't eat lunch, i feel hungry now
=>if i I had eaten lunch I wouldn't have felt hungry now
7.i only come if they invite me
=>unless they invite me, I won't come
8.he didn't revise all his lessons, he failed the exam.
=>if he wouldn't have failed the exam.
9.the park is over there,only 5 minutes' walk.
=>if you walk to the park, it will take you 5 minutes.
10.leave me alone or i'll call the police.
=>unless you leave me alone i won't call the police.
Part 1: Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning.
1/ He asked me : '' Where will you go tomorrow ?''
=> He asked me .........where I would go the next day............
2/ I can't swim.
=> I wish........I could swim ........
3/ It's a pity that I don't have a chance to meet my favorite band.
=> I wish.........I had a chance to meet my favorite band........
4/ He asked me: '' Are you going home now? ''
=> He asked .......me if I was going home then.........
5/ My father said : '' Where do you want to go next summer? ''
=> My father asked......me where I wanted to go the next summer..........
6/ We are working hard. We want to pass the final examination. ( because )
=>........We are working hard because we want to pass the final exmaination...........
7/ He is so intelligent that everyone admires him . ( such )
=>......He is such a intelligent boy that everyone admires him.........
8/ Study hard or uoy will fail the exam.
=>If .........you don't study hard , you fail the exam..........
Exercise 1: Rewrite the following sentences that keep the same meaning.
1. It isn’t necessary to finish the work to day.
=> You don’t ……have to finish the work today.…………..
2. Sally finally managed to get a job.
=> Sally finally succeeded …in getting a job.…………….
3. That’s the last time I go to that restaurant.
=> I certainly………won’t go to that restaurant any more.……
4. “I advise you to take a holiday,” the doctor continued.
=> You’d ……better take a holiday.…..
5. If you don’t rest yourself you really will be ill.
=> Unless ………you rest yourself you really will be ill.………….
6. I should someone to take me out to dinner.
=> What I should …………like is being/ to be taken out to dinner.……..………..
7. Martin may not be very well but he still manages to enjoy life.
=> Martin’s poor ………..…health doesn’t / can’t prevent / stop him ( from ) enjoying life.……..
8. They’ll have to take the dog on holiday with them.
=> They can’t leave ……… their dog behind when they go/are on holiday.………..…….
9. My aunt got heavily stressed because her marriage broke up.
=> The break-up of the marriage…………made my aunt heavily stressed.…
10. I can’t believe that he passed the exam.
=> I find…………it hard to believe that he passed the exam.……………
Exercise 2: Rewrite the following sentences that keep the same meaning.
1. This is the fastest way to get to the city center.
=> There …………is no faster way than this to get to the city center........................
2. If anyone succeeds in solving the problems, it will probably be him.
=> He is the most ……ly person to succeed in solving the problems.........
3. We arrived too late to see the first film.
=> We didn’t …………arrive early enough to see the first film.............
4. “Would you mind not smoking in here?”
=> I’d rather …….you didn’t smoke in here.....
5. He wrote the letter in two hours.
=> It took ……......him 2 hours to write the letter..........
6. “Why don’t we go out for a walk?”
=> My father suggested …….we should go out for a while.…...........
7. In spite of his age, Mr. Benson runs 8 miles before breakfast.
=> Though ……..........Mr.Benson is old, He runs 8 miles before breakfast..
8. I was very interested in our conversation.
=> It was interesting .……....to talk to you........
9. Why did you do that ?
=> Whatever …….did you do that for ?.............?
10. These bookshelves are my own work.
=> I made ……these bookshelves myself.
I. Rewrite the following sentences
1. My father often walks in the park with my mother every morning
=> My father often has a walk in the park with my mother every morning.
2. They seldom went to the cinema last year
=> Seldom went they to the cinema last year.
3. We didn't intend to go for a walk with them
=> We had not intention to go for a walk with them.
4. He doesn't smoke anymore, but he smoked a lot 2 year ago
=> He used to smoke a lot 2 years ago but he doesn't anymore.
5. Apples are usually cheaper than oranges
=> Apples are not usually as expensive as oranges.
6. My salary is high but his is very high
=> His salary is higher than my salary.
7. I can't cook as well as my mother does
=> My mother cooks better than I do.
8. Unless it stops raining, we won't go out
=> If it doesn't stop raining, we won't go out.
9. She didn't cook as well as you did
=> You cooked better than she does.
10. Unless someone has a key, we can't get into the house
=> We can only get into the house if someone has the key
11. Because of being careful, she didn't make any mistakes in her answers
=> Because she was careful, she didn't make any mistakes in her answers.
12. She said ''I'll spend my holiday in Italy next year''
=> She said that she would spend her holiday in Italy the next year.
13. She didn't buy it because the price was too high
=> Because of the high price, she didn't buy it.
14. We didn't go on holiday because we didn't have enough mone
=> If we had had enough money, we would have gone on holiday.
15. The question was so difficult that we can't answer it
=> The question was too difficult for us to answer.
II. Write the following sentences as directed
1. She has just completed the picture. The composition of the picture was suggested by me
=> The picture whose composition was suggested by me has just been completed.
2. Such a situation should never again be allowed to arise
=> Never again should never such a situation again be allowed to arise.
3. If you want to make your life worth living, make yourself useful
=> Making youself useful in order to make your life worth living.
4. They said he had left Paris secretly in his private car
=> It was said that he had left Paris secretly in his private car.
5. Tom didn't do his test well because he didn't study his lessons carefully
=> If Tom had studied his lessons carefully, he would have done his test well.
6. They had such a good crop that they decided to give a party
=> The crop was so good that they decided to give a party.
7. He made a great discovery. He took pride in it
=> He took pride in having made a great discovery.
8. You may be intelligent, but you should be careful about this
=> No matter how intelligent you are, you should be careful about this.
9. He asked me if I was ready to carry out other assignments
=> He said to me ''Are you ready to carry out other assignments ?''
10. ''Which of you has put the ink on my chair?'' The teacher said
=> The teacher asked me which of me had put the ink on her chair.
1. Because I am sick, I do not go out
-> Because of my sickness, I do not go out.
2. Because the water is polluted, we can't swim in that river
-> Because of the polluted water, we can't swim in that river.
3. Because Nga has had a sore leg, she has difficulty in walking.
-> Because of a sore leg, she has difficulty in walking.
4. Because he behaved badly, he found himself in trouble.
-> Because of his bad behaviour, he found himself in trouble.
5. Because it was snowing, we didn't go out for a walk.
-> Because of snowing, we didn't go out for a walk.
6. Because of his good looks, he is popular with many girls.
-> Because he is good looking, he is popular with many girls.
7. Because of his serious sickness, he couldn't come to the class.
-> Because he has a serious sick, he couldn't come to the class.
8. Because of too much exhaust fume, people have to wear gauze masks in the street.
-> Because there is so much exhaust fume, people have to wear gauze masks in the street.
9. Because of their good performance, they won the first prize.
-> Because they performed well, they won the first prize.
1. Their son is allergetic to animals. They decided to get a cat.(though)
Though their son is allergetic to animals, they decided to get a cat.
2. He will stay in England for two months more. He can perfect his English. ( in order that)
He will stay in England for two months more in order that he can perfect his English.
3. There is nothing to eat. We have to go shopping today.(as)
As there is nothing to eat, we have to go shopping today.
4. I go to Hue next week. I will stay with my aunt and uncle. (when)
When I go to Hue next week, I will stay with my aunt and uncle.
5. Mai could have good marks. She studied hard for the exam.( so that)
Mai studied hard for the exam so that she could have good marks
6. We need an umbrella. It is raining heavily outside. (since)
We need an umbrella since It is raining heavily outside.
7. Nick will visit some craft villages. He finishes the Vietnamese course. ( after)
After Nick finishes the Vietnamese course, he will visit some craft villages.
8. We decided to go for a walk in the park. It was very cold out.(even though)
Even though It was very cold out, we decided to go for a walk in the park.
9. The tourist wanted to buy some silk. They went to Van Phuc village.(because)
Because the tourist went to Van Phuc village, they wanted to buy some silk.
10. They won't buy the new car. They save enough money.(until)
They won't buy the new car until they save enough money.
viết lại câu sao cho nghĩa không đổi
1)It's difficult to get a good iob
>>Getting a good job is difficult
2) His pronounciation is hard to understand
>>It's hard to understand his pronounciation
3)It's difficult for us to answer this question
>>This question is too difficult for us to answer
4)Learning English is interesting
>>It is interesting to learn English
5)We couldn't answer this question because it was very hard
>>The question was so hard that we couldn't answer
6)Speaking English fluently is not easy
>>It is not easy to speak English fluently
7)It was impossible to work in that condition
>>Working in that condition was impossible
8)I fell asleep because the film was so boring
>>The film was so boring that I fell asleep
9) I'm too poor to take a space trip
>>I'm not rich enough to take a space trip
10)He is too short to be a goalkeeper
>> He isn't tall enough to be a goalkeeper
11) I đin't want to turn the TV off because it was a very good film
>>The film was so good that I didn't want to turn the TV off
14)He climbed the tre in order to geta better view
>>He climbed the tree in order that he could get a better view
>>He climbed the tree so that he could get a better view
15)You should get up early so that you will have time to review your lesson
>>You should get up early to have time to review your lesson
>>You should get up early in order that you will have time to review your lesson
I:Rewrite the following sentences using "because of"instead of "because"
1.English is learned by millions of students because it is important
-> English is learned by millions of students because of its importance
2.We couldn't go out because the weather was not fine
->We couldn't go out because of the bad weather
3.These students arrived late because they had an accident
->These students arrived late because of an accident
4.M.r Baker and M.r Yamamoto can't understand each other because their languages are different
->.M.r Baker and M.r Yamamoto can't understand each other because of their different languages
5.Nick is often punished because he is lazy
->Nick is often punished because of his laziness
6.These persons live unhappily because they are very poor
->.These people live unhappily because of their poverty
7.All the students love the principal because he is very kind
->All the students love the principal because of his kindness
II:Rewrite the following sentences using "Because"instead of "Because OF"
1.We respected Mr.Lung because of his honesty
->We respected Mr.Lung because he is honest
2.My friend was absent because of his illness
->My friend was absent because he was ill
3.This boy is ignorant because of his laziness
->This boy is ignorant because he is lazy
4.Because of the invention of computers,puplis no longer spend much time in calculating
->.Because people invented the computers, puplis no longer spend much time in calculating
5.Because of my friend's absence.I have to coppy the lesson for him.
.->Because my friend is absent, I have to coppy the lesson for him.
6.Our guests aeeived late because of the bad weather.
->Our guests aeeived late because the weather was bad
7.I catch cold now because of going out in the rain yesterday
->..I catch cold now because i went out in the rain yesterday
III:Change clauses of concession to phrases:ALTHOUGH//THOUGH <<=>>DESPITE//IN SPITE OF
1.Lam didn't eat much though she was hungry
->lam didn't eat much despite her hunger
2.Trí couldn't solve the problem though he is good at maths
->.Trí couldn't solve the problem despite being good at maths
3.M.r Pike doesn't wear glasses though he is over sixty
->M.r Pike doesn't wear glasses in spite of his old age
4.Although he had much experience in machinery,he didn't succeed in repairing this machine
->in spite of his experience in machinery,he didn't succeed in repairing this machine
5.Although it got dark ,they continued to work
->despite the darkness, they continued to work
6.Although it was noisy ,Chou kept on studying
->in spite of the noise, Chou kept on studying
7.Although it rained heavily,I went to school on time
->despitethe heavy rain, ,I went to school on time
8.The flight was not delayed though it was foggy
->.the flight was not delayed despite the fog
9.Viet ate all the fruits though they were green
->.Viet ate all the fruits despite their green
10.We did the test well though it was difficullt
->We did the test well in spite of its difficulty
11.Although he is strong ,I'm not afraid of him
->despite his strength, I'm not afraid of him
12.Everybody has great regard for him though he is poor
->Everybody has great regard for him in spite of his poverty
13.The plane took off though the weather was bad
->The plane took off in spite of the bad weather
14.He didn't stop his car though the traffic lights turned red
-> He didn't stop his car despite the traffic lights' turning red
15.He studies hard though his life was hard at that time
-> He studies hard in spite of his hard life at that time
16.Although the streets are narrow ,many people drive cars in this city
->.despite the narrow streets, many people drive cars in this city
17.Although his english was good,he wasn't chosen
->despite his good englush, he wasn't chosen
18.Although he's got an English name,he is in fact Vietnamese
->.in spite of his English name,he is in fact Vietnamese
19.He awlays studies hard though he encounters difficult
->He awlays studies hard despite encountering difficult
20.Although the weather is bad e are going to have a picnic,w
->in spite of the bad weather, we are going to have a picnic
21.Although he had not finished the paper,he went to sleep
->despite having not finished the paper,he went to sleep
22.She attended the class although she didn't feel alert.
-> She attended the class in spite of not feeling alert.
23.The child ate the cookies even though his mother had told him not to.
-> The child ate the cookies in spite of his mother's telling him not to
24.She drank coffee to keep herself warm although she disliked it
-> She drank coffee to keep herself warm despite disliking it
25.Mary will takes a plane even though she dislikes flying
->. Mary will takes a plane in spite of her disliking flying
26.Although Tram was sad,she managed to smile
->.despite Tram's sadness, she managed to smile
27.The old woman told interesting stories to the children although her memory was poor.
-> The old woman told interesting stories to the children in spite of her poor memory
28.Though he had been absent frequently ,he was managed tp pass the test
->in spite of his frequent absence ,he was managed tp pass the test
29.He ate the chocolate cake even though he was on diet
->. .He ate the chocolate cake in spite of his diet
30.Although the prices are high,my daughters insist on buying a new motorbike
->.despite the high prices, my daughters insist on buying a new motorbike
MAKE THE CONDITIONAL SENTENCES
1 I didn't go to the party last night.That't why I didn't meet her.
if i had gone to the party last night, I would've met her.
2 You can't make a cake without flour
->Unless you have flour, You can't make a cake
3 We haven't got any money left so we can't have dinner.
if we had money, we could have dinner.
4 I feel rather tired because I worked too hard last night.
if i hadn't I worked too hard last night, i wouldn't feel tired
5 If nobody rings the police,he will get good marks.
->unless somebody rings the police,he will not get good marks.
6 He doesn't study hard,so he can't get good marks.
if he studies hard, he can get good marks.
7 I am not the President,so I can't carry out the best policy.
if i were the President, I could carry out the best policy.
8 I don't have free time,so I can't go camping with my friends.
if i had free time, I could go camping with my friends.
9 I couldn't go to the cinema with you last night because I was busy.
if i hadn;t been busy, i could have gone to the cinema with you last night
10 He didn't learn the lesson carefully.so he failed at the exam.
if he had learned the lesson carefully, he wouldn't have failed at the exam.
11 He doesn't have free time,so he can't go fishing with us.
if he had free time,he could go fishing with us.
12 I don't have enough oney,so I can't go to Thai Lan with my friends.
if i had enough money, I could go to Thai Lan with my friends.
1. If he didn't have to study for his exam, he could go out
2. If she were not lazy, she could pass the exam
3. If he didn't smoke too much, he could get rid of his cough
4. If he took exercises, he wouldn't be so unhealthy
5. If I had the right change, we could get the ticket
6.If you study hard, you will pass the exam
7. If I had eaten lunch, I wouldn’t feel hungry now.
Make conditional sentences
1. He can’t go out because he has to study for his exam
=>he didn't have to study for his exam,he could go out
2. She is lazy so she can’t pass the exam
=>If She weren't lazy , she could pass the exam
3. He smokes too much, that’s why he can’t get rid of his cough
=>if He didn't smoke too much, he could get rid of his cough
4. He doesn’t take any exercises. He is so unhealthy
=>If He took any exercises,he would be healthy
5. We can’t get the ticket because I don’t have the right change
=>If I had the right change,we could get the ticket
6. Study hard or you won’t pass the exam
=>if you don't Study hard, you won’t pass the exam
7. I didn't eat lunch, I feel hungry now
=>IF I hadn't eaten lunch, I wouldn't feel hungry now
8. The car breaks down so often because you don't take good care of it
=>If you took good care of it ,The car wouldn't break down so often