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a, Áp dụng bđt Cauchy ta có
\(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a}{b}.\frac{b}{a}}=2\)
b, a(a+2)<(a+1)2
=>a2+2a<a2+2a+1(đúng)
Câu 1: Dùng biến đổi tương đương:
a/ \(3\left(m+1\right)+m< 4\left(2+m\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3m+3+m< 8+4m\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4m+3< 8+4m\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3< 8\) (đúng), vậy BĐT ban đầu là đúng
b/ \(\left(m-2\right)^2>m\left(m-4\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow m^2-4m+4>m^2-4m\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4>0\) (đúng), vậy BĐT ban đầu đúng
Câu 2:
a/ \(b\left(b+a\right)\ge ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow b^2+ab\ge ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow b^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng), vậy BĐT ban đầu đúng
b/ \(a^2-ab+b^2\ge ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-2ab+b^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
Câu 3:
a/ \(10a^2-5a+1\ge a^2+a\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9a^2-6a+1\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3a-1\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
b/ \(a^2-a\le50a^2-15a+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow49a^2-14a+1\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(7a-1\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
Câu 4:
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}}=\frac{\sqrt{n}}{n\left(n+1\right)}=\sqrt{n}\left(\frac{1}{n}-\frac{1}{n+1}\right)=\left(1+\frac{\sqrt{n}}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)< 2\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow VT=\frac{1}{2\sqrt{1}}+\frac{1}{3\sqrt{2}}+...+\frac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT< 2\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow VT< 2\left(1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)< 2\)
a.
\(A=\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{a^2+b^2}=\left(\frac{1}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{1}{2ab}\right)+\frac{1}{2ab}\)
\(\ge\frac{4}{a^2+2ab+b^2}+\frac{1}{2ab}\ge\frac{4}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2}}=6\)
Dấu "=" khi \(a=b=\frac{1}{2}\)
b.
\(B=\frac{2}{ab}+\frac{3}{a^2+b^2}=3\left(\frac{1}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{1}{2ab}\right)+\frac{1}{2ab}\)
\(\ge3\cdot\frac{4}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2}}=14\)
Dấu "=" khi \(a=b=\frac{1}{2}\)
c.
Ta có:
\(x^2+y^2\ge2xy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x^2+y^2\right)\ge\left(x+y\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2\ge\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2}\) với mọi x,y
Áp dụng ta có:
\(C=\left(a+\frac{1}{b}\right)^2+\left(b+\frac{1}{a}\right)^2\ge\frac{\left(a+b+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)^2}{2}\ge\frac{\left(1+\frac{4}{a+b}\right)^2}{2}=\frac{25}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=\frac{1}{2}\)
2.
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Bunhiacopxki ta có:
\(\left[\left(\sqrt{x}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{y}\right)^2\right]\left[\left(\frac{a}{\sqrt{x}}\right)^2+\left(\frac{b}{\sqrt{y}}\right)^2\right]\ge\left(\sqrt{x}\cdot\frac{a}{\sqrt{x}}+\sqrt{y}\cdot\frac{b}{\sqrt{y}}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(\frac{a^2}{x}+\frac{b^2}{y}\right)\ge\left(a+b\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^2}{x}+\frac{b^2}{y}\ge\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{x+y}\)
Áp dụng nó ta chứng minh được:
\(\frac{a^2}{x}+\frac{b^2}{y}+\frac{c^2}{z}\ge\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{x+y}+\frac{c^2}{z}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{x+y+z}\)
Áp dụng vào bài làm:
\(D=\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}=\frac{a^2}{ab+ca}+\frac{b^2}{bc+ab}+\frac{c^2}{ca+bc}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{ab+ca+bc+ab+ca+bc}=\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\ge\frac{3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
e)\(\left(a+b\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\)
\(=1+\frac{b}{a}+\frac{a}{b}+1\)
\(=\left(1+1\right)+\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\right)\)
\(=2+\left(\frac{a.a}{b.a}+\frac{b.b}{a.b}\right)\)
\(=2+\frac{a.a+b.b}{b.a}\)
Vì \(\frac{a.a+b.b}{a.b}>=2\)
Nên \(2+\frac{a.a+b.b}{a.b}>=2+2=4\)
Hay \(\left(a+b\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)>=4\)
a) \(a^2+b^2-2ab\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)^2\)
Vì \(\left(a-b\right)^2\) là binh phương của một số nên \(\left(a-b\right)^2>=0\)
Hay \(a^2+b^2-2ab>=0\)
1)Áp dụng Bđt Am-Gm \(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a}{b}\cdot\frac{b}{a}}=2\)
2)Áp dụng Am-Gm \(a^2+b^2\ge2\sqrt{a^2b^2}=2ab;b^2+c^2\ge2bc;a^2+c^2\ge2ca\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
=>ĐPcm
3)(a+b+c)2\(\ge\)3(ab+bc+ca)
=>a2+b2+c2+2ab+2bc+2ca\(\ge\)3ab+3bc+3ca
=>a2+b2+c2-ab-bc-ca\(\ge\)0
=>2a2+2b2+2c2-2ab-2bc-2ca\(\ge\)0
=>(a2-2ab+b2)+(b2-2bc+c2)+(c2-2ac+a2)\(\ge\)0
=>(a-b)2+(b-c)2+(c-a)2\(\ge\)0
4)đề đúng \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+b}{ab}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+2ab+b^2-4ab\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)
17) \(\frac{10x^2-7x-5}{2x-3}\) là số nguyên khi 10x² - 7x - 5 \(⋮\) 2x - 3
Ta có: 10x² - 7x - 5 = 10x² - 15x + 8x - 12 + 7 = 5x(2x-3) + 4(2x-3) + 7
\(\Rightarrow\) 10x² - 7x - 5 \(⋮\) 2x - 3 khi và chỉ khi 7 chia hết cho 2x-3
\(\Rightarrow\) 2x - 3 \(\in\) Ư(7) \(\Leftrightarrow\) 2x - 3 = \(\left\{-1;1;-7;7\right\}\)
TH1: 2x-3 = -1 <=> x = 1
TH2: 2x-3 = 1 <=> x = 2
TH3: 2x-3 = -7 <=> x = -2
TH4: 2x-3 = 7 <=> x = 5
Vây có 4 giá trị nguyên của x là \(\left\{-2;1;2;5\right\}\)
23) Cm rằng
a) a2+b2−2ab ≥0
Ta có: a2+b2−2ab = a2−2ab+b2 = (a - b)2 ≥ 0 (đpcm)
b)\(\frac{a^2+b^2}{2}\) ≥ ab
Ta có: (a-b)2 ≥0 vs mọi a,b
\(\Leftrightarrow\) a2−2ab+b2 ≥0
\(\Leftrightarrow\) a2+b2 ≥ 2ab
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\frac{a^2+b^2}{2}\) ≥ ab (đpcm)
c) a(a+2)<(a+1)2
Ta có: a(a+2)= a2+2a
(a+1)2 = a2 + 2a + 1
\(\Rightarrow\) a(a+2)<(a+1)2 (đpcm)
d) m2+n2+2 ≥ 2(m+n)
Ta có: (m-n)2 \(\ge\) 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\) m2- 2mn+n2 \(\ge\) 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\) m2+n2 \(\ge\) 2mn
\(\Leftrightarrow\) m2+n2+2 \(\ge\) 2mn+2
\(\Leftrightarrow\) m2+n2+2 ≥ 2(m+n) (đpcm)
e) (a+b)(\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\))≥4 (với a>0, b>0)
Ta có: (a - b)2 ≥ 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\) a2−2ab+b2 ≥ 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\) a2+2ab - 4ab+b2 ≥ 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\) (a + b)2 - 4ab≥ 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\) (a + b)2 ≥ 4ab
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{ab}\) ≥ 4
\(\Leftrightarrow\) (a+b) ( \(\frac{a+b}{ab}\) ) ≥ 4
\(\Leftrightarrow\) (a+b)(\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\))≥4 (vs a,b > 0) (đpcm)
cảm ơn bn nha
hjhj hong có gì :'3333