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\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}+1}{2\sqrt{2}}:\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{3}+1}{2\sqrt{2}}-\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{6}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{3}+1}{2\sqrt{6}}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}+1}{2\sqrt{2}}:\left(\dfrac{3+\sqrt{3}}{2\sqrt{6}}-\dfrac{4}{2\sqrt{6}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{3}+1}{2\sqrt{6}}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}+1}{2\sqrt{2}}\cdot\dfrac{2\sqrt{6}}{3+\sqrt{3}-4+\sqrt{3}+1}\)
\(=\sqrt{3}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{3}+1}{2\sqrt{3}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}+1}{2}\)
\(1.\text{ }\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{k}-\sqrt{k+1}}=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{k}+\sqrt{k+1}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{k}+\sqrt{k+1}\right)\left(\sqrt{k}-\sqrt{k+1}\right)}\\ =-\left(\sqrt{k}+\sqrt{k+1}\right)\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1}-\sqrt{2}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{4}}-...-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{8}-\sqrt{9}}\\ =-\left(\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{2}\right)+\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}\right)-\left(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}\right)+...+\left(\sqrt{8}+\sqrt{9}\right)\\ =-\sqrt{1}-\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{4}+...+\sqrt{8}+\sqrt{9}\\ \\ =\sqrt{9}-\sqrt{1}=2\)
\(2.\text{ }\dfrac{1}{\left(k+1\right)\sqrt{k}+\sqrt{k+1}k}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{k\left(k+1\right)}\left(\sqrt{k+1}+\sqrt{k}\right)}\\ =\dfrac{\sqrt{k+1}-\sqrt{k}}{\sqrt{k\left(k+1\right)}\left(\sqrt{k+1}+\sqrt{k}\right)\left(\sqrt{k+1}-\sqrt{k}\right)}\\ =\dfrac{\sqrt{k+1}-\sqrt{k}}{\sqrt{k\left(k+1\right)}\left(k+1-k\right)}=\dfrac{\sqrt{k+1}-\sqrt{k}}{\sqrt{k\left(k+1\right)}}\\ =\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{k}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{k+1}}\\ \Rightarrow\text{ }\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{1}+1\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{1}{3\sqrt{2}+2\sqrt{3}}+...+\dfrac{1}{7\sqrt{6}+6\sqrt{7}}\\ =\text{ }\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{6}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{7}}\\ =\text{ }\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{7}}\\ \text{ }1-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{7}}\)
1.\(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1}-\sqrt{2}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{4}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{4}-\sqrt{5}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{6}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{7}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{7}-\sqrt{8}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{8}-\sqrt{9}}=\dfrac{1+\sqrt{2}}{1-2}-\dfrac{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}}{2-3}+\dfrac{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}}{3-4}-\dfrac{\sqrt{4}+\sqrt{5}}{4-5}+\dfrac{\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{6}}{5-6}-\dfrac{\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{7}}{6-7}+\dfrac{\sqrt{7}+\sqrt{8}}{7-8}-\dfrac{\sqrt{8}+\sqrt{9}}{8-9}=-1-\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{4}+\sqrt{4}+\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{7}-\sqrt{7}-\sqrt{8}+\sqrt{8}+\sqrt{9}=\sqrt{9}-1=3-1=2\)
\(A=-\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{4}+....-\sqrt{7}-\sqrt{8}+\sqrt{8}+\sqrt{9}\)
\(A=\sqrt{9}-\sqrt{1}=3-1=2\)
a: \(=\dfrac{6}{4+\sqrt{3}-1}=\dfrac{6}{3+\sqrt{3}}=3-\sqrt{3}\)
b: \(=\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{6}\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)}{2\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)}-2\sqrt{6}\right)\cdot\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{6}}=\sqrt{6}\cdot\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{6}}\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-2\right)=-\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{3-\sqrt{8}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{8}-\sqrt{7}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{7}-\sqrt{6}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{5}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{5}-2}\)
\(=\dfrac{3+\sqrt{8}}{9-8}-\dfrac{\sqrt{8}+\sqrt{7}}{8-7}+\dfrac{\sqrt{7}+\sqrt{6}}{7-6}-\dfrac{\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{5}}{6-5}+\dfrac{\sqrt{5}+2}{5-4}\)
\(=3+\sqrt{8}-\sqrt{8}-\sqrt{7}+\sqrt{7}+\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{5}+2\)
\(=3+2=5\)
\(\dfrac{2+\sqrt{2}}{1+\sqrt{2}}=\dfrac{\left(2+\sqrt{2}\right)\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)}{2-1}=2\sqrt{2}-2+2-\sqrt{2}=\sqrt{2}\)
\(\dfrac{\sqrt{15}-\sqrt{5}}{1-\sqrt{3}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{5}\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)}{1-\sqrt{3}}=-\sqrt{5}\)
\(\dfrac{2\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{6}}{\sqrt{8}-2}=\dfrac{\sqrt{6}\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)}{2\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)}=\dfrac{\sqrt{6}}{2}\)
\(\dfrac{a-\sqrt{a}}{1-\sqrt{a}}=\dfrac{\left(a-\sqrt{a}\right)\left(1+\sqrt{a}\right)}{1-a}=\dfrac{a+a\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{a}-a}{1-a}=\dfrac{\sqrt{a}\left(a-1\right)}{1-a}=-\sqrt{a}\)
\(\dfrac{p-2\sqrt{p}}{\sqrt{p}-2}=\dfrac{\sqrt{p}\left(\sqrt{p}-2\right)}{\sqrt{p}-2}=\sqrt{p}\)
Nhận xét: Cách làm thứ nhật (nhận dạng tử có thể phân tích thành nhân tử để rút gọn nhân tử đó với mẫu thích hợp hơn cách làm thứ hai (trục căn thức ở mẫu rồi thu gọn). Vì trục căn thức ở mẫu rồi rút gọn sẽ thêm nhiều phép nhân.
Nhận xét: Cách làm thứ nhật (nhận dạng tử có thể phân tích thành nhân tử để rút gọn nhân tử đó với mẫu thích hợp hơn cách làm thứ hai (trục căn thức ở mẫu rồi thu gọn). Vì trục căn thức ở mẫu rồi rút gọn sẽ thêm nhiều phép nhân.
Câu b nhé:
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{25}+\sqrt{24}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{24}+\sqrt{23}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{23}+\sqrt{22}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{1}}\\ =\dfrac{\sqrt{25}-\sqrt{24}}{\left(\sqrt{25}+\sqrt{24}\right)\left(\sqrt{25}-\sqrt{24}\right)}+\dfrac{\sqrt{24}-\sqrt{23}}{\left(\sqrt{24}+\sqrt{23}\right)\left(\sqrt{24}-\sqrt{23}\right)}+...+\dfrac{\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{1}}{\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{1}\right)\left(\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{1}\right)}\\ =\sqrt{25}-\sqrt{24}+\sqrt{24}-\sqrt{23}+...+\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{1}\\ =5-1=4\left(đpcm\right)\)
`6\sqrt(2/3)-\sqrt(24)+2\sqrt(3/8)+2\sqrt(1/6)`
`=6. \sqrt6/3 - \sqrt(2^2 .6) + 2. \sqrt(24)/8 + 2. \sqrt6/6`
`=2\sqrt6-2\sqrt6+ \sqrt6/2 + \sqrt6/3`
`=\sqrt6/2+\sqrt6/3`
`=(3\sqrt6+2\sqrt6)/6`
`=(5\sqrt6)/6`
Ta có: \(6\sqrt{\dfrac{2}{3}}-\sqrt{24}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{8}}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{6}}\)
\(=\dfrac{6\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{3}}-2\sqrt{6}+2\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{6}}\)
\(=2\sqrt{6}-2\sqrt{6}+\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{3}}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{6}}{2}+\dfrac{\sqrt{6}}{3}=\dfrac{5\sqrt{6}}{6}\)