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Bài 1:
a) CuSO4 + 2NaOH → Na2SO4 + Cu(OH)2↓
\(n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{12}{40}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}\)
Theo bài: \(n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{NaOH}\)
Vì \(\dfrac{1}{3}< \dfrac{1}{2}\) ⇒ NaOH dư
b) Theo PT: \(n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=m_{CuSO_4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,1\times98=9,8\left(g\right)\)
c) \(\Sigma V_{dd}saupư=40+60=100\left(ml\right)=0,1\left(l\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{NaOH}pư=2n_{CuSO_4}=2\times0,1=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{NaOH}dư=0,3-0,2=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{NaOH}}dư=\dfrac{0,1}{0,1}=1\left(M\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Na_2SO_4}=n_{CuSO_4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{Na_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,1}=1\left(M\right)\)
Bài 2:
ZnCl2 + 2NaOH → 2NaCl + Zn(OH)2↓ (1)
\(n_{ZnCl_2}=0,3\times1,5=0,45\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH}=0,1\times1=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT1: \(n_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}\)
Theo bài: \(n_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{9}{2}n_{NaOH}\)
Vì \(\dfrac{9}{2}>\dfrac{1}{2}\) ⇒ ZnCl2 dư
a) \(\Sigma V_{dd}saupư=300+100=400\left(ml\right)=0,4\left(l\right)\)
Theo PT1: \(n_{ZnCl_2}pư=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{1}{2}\times0,1=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{ZnCl_2}dư=0,45-0,05=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{ZnCl_2}}dư=\dfrac{0,4}{0,4}=1\left(M\right)\)
Theo PT1: \(n_{NaCl}=n_{NaOH}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,4}=0,25\left(M\right)\)
b) Zn(OH)2 \(\underrightarrow{to}\) ZnO + H2O (2)
Theo pT1: \(n_{Zn\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{1}{2}\times0,1=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
Theo pT2: \(n_{ZnO}=n_{Zn\left(OH\right)_2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ZnO}=0,05\times81=4,05\left(g\right)\)
c) NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H2O (3)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=n_{NaOH}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,1\times36,5=3,65\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{3,65}{25\%}=14,6\left(g\right)\)
Bài 1:
PTHH: \(BaO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow BaSO_4+H_2O\)
Bđ____0,05___0,2
Pư____0,05___0,05_______0,05
Kt____0______0,15_______0,05
\(m_{kt}=m_{BaSO_4}=0,05.233=11,65\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddsaupư}=7,65+200-11,65=196\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%ddH_2SO_4=7,5\%\)
Bài 2: \(Fe_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2FeCl_3+3H_2O\)
bđ___0,1_______0,5
pư__1/12_______0,5_____1/6
kt ___1/60______0_______1/6
\(m_{FeCl_3}=\dfrac{1}{6}.162,5\approx27g\)
\(C_{MddFeCl_3}=\dfrac{1}{6}:0,5\approx0,3M\)
\(\text{a) CuCl2+2NaOH->Cu(OH)2+2NaCl}\)
\(\text{Cu(OH)2->CuO+H2O}\)
\(b;n_{Cu\left(OH\right)2}=\frac{4,9}{98}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
nCuO=nCu(OH)2=0,05(mol)
\(\text{=>mCuO=0,05x80=4(g)}\)
\(\text{c) nCuCl2=nCu(OH)2=0,05(mol)}\)
=>a=0,05x135/25%=27(g)
Pư: Mg+2HCl -> MgCl2 +H2
MgO+2HCl-> MgCl2 +H2O
MgCl2+2NaOH-> Mg(OH)2↓+2NaCl
Mg(OH)2-> MgO+H2O
nMgO=14/40=0.35 mol
-> nMg(OH)2=nMgCl2=nMgO=0.35 mol
-> nMgO=nMg=nMgCl2=0.35 mol
gọi x,y lần lượt là số mol của Mg,MgO
->mhh=24x+40y=2 (1)
nMgCl2=x+y=0.35 (2)
giải hệ (1)(2) có x=0.103125
y=0.246875
- khối lượng của bạn nhập sai vì klg hỗn hợp quá nhỏ
\(a,PTHH:3NaOH+FeCl_3\rightarrow3NaCl+Fe\left(OH\right)_3\downarrow\\ 2Fe\left(OH\right)_3\rightarrow^{t^o}Fe_2O_3+3H_2O\uparrow\\ b,n_{FeCl_3}=1,5\cdot0,2=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{NaOH}=3n_{FeCl_3}=0,9\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{dd_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{0,9}{2}=0,45\left(l\right)\)
Theo đề: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}X:Fe\left(OH\right)_3\\A:NaCl\\Y:Fe_2O_3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Theo PT: \(n_{NaCl}=3n_{FeCl_3}=0,9\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{NaCl}}=\dfrac{0,9}{0,45+0,2}\approx1,4M\)
\(c,\) Theo PT: \(n_{Fe\left(OH\right)_3}=n_{FeCl_3}=0,3\left(mol\right);n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Fe\left(OH\right)_3}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_X=m_{Fe\left(OH\right)_3}=0,3\cdot107=32,1\left(g\right)\\m_Y=m_{Fe_2O_3}=0,15\cdot160=24\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
1.
a) CuO+H2SO4\(\rightarrow\)CuSO4+H2O
b) mCu=6g
mCuO=10-6=4(g)
%Cu=\(\frac{6}{10}.100\%\)=60%
\(\text{%CuO=100-60=40%}\)
c)
\(\text{nH2SO4=0,2.2=0,4(mol)}\)
nH2SO4 dư=\(\frac{0,4-4}{80}\)=0,35(mol)
CMH2SO4 dư=\(\frac{0,35}{0,2}\)=1,75(M)
CMCuSO4=\(\frac{0,05}{0,2}\)=0,25(M)
2.
a) Mg+2HCl\(\rightarrow\)MgCl2+H2
MgCl2+2NaOH\(\rightarrow\)Mg(OH)2+2NaCl
Mg(OH)2\(\rightarrow\)MgO+H2O
b)
nMg=\(\frac{12}{24}\)=0,5(mol)
VHCl=\(\frac{0,5}{2}\)=0,25(l)
c)
\(\text{nNaOH=2nMg=0,5.1=1(mol)}\)
\(\text{mNaOH=1.40=40(g)}\)
d)
nMgO=nMg=0,5
\(\text{mMgO=0,5.40=20(g)}\)