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Ta có : \(2\left(x+y\right)=5\left(y+z\right)=3\left(x+z\right)\)
=> \(\dfrac{2\left(x+y\right)}{30}=\dfrac{5\left(y+z\right)}{30}=\dfrac{3\left(x+z\right)}{30}\)
=> \(\dfrac{x+y}{15}=\dfrac{y+z}{6}=\dfrac{x+z}{10}\)
Áp dụng t/c dãy tỉ số bằng nhau:
\(\dfrac{x+y}{15}=\dfrac{y+z}{6}=\dfrac{x+z}{10}=\dfrac{x+z-y-z}{10-6}=\dfrac{x+y-x-z}{15-10}=\dfrac{x-y}{4}=\dfrac{y-z}{5}\left(ĐPCM\right)\)
2) Mình nghĩ nên nhỏ hơn 3 thì dễ tính hơn... @@
Ta có :
\(\dfrac{x}{x+y+z}< \dfrac{x}{x+y}< \dfrac{x}{x}\\ \dfrac{y}{x+y+z}< \dfrac{y}{y+z}< \dfrac{y}{y}\\ \dfrac{z}{x+y+z}< \dfrac{z}{z+x}< \dfrac{z}{z}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{x+y+z}+\dfrac{y}{x+y+z}+\dfrac{z}{x+y+z}< \dfrac{x}{x+y}+\dfrac{y}{y+z}+\dfrac{z}{z+x}< \dfrac{x}{x}+\dfrac{y}{y}+\dfrac{z}{z}\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{x+y+z}{x+y+z}< \dfrac{x}{x+y}+\dfrac{y}{y+z}+\dfrac{z}{z+x}< 1+1+1\\ \Rightarrow1< \dfrac{x}{x+y}+\dfrac{y}{y+z}+\dfrac{z}{z+x}< 3\)
Ta có : \(1-\left(\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{100^2}\right)>1-\left(\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+...+\dfrac{1}{99.100}\right)=1-\left(\dfrac{1}{1}-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{99}-\dfrac{1}{100}\right)=1-\left(1-\dfrac{1}{100}\right)=1-1+\dfrac{1}{100}=\dfrac{1}{100}\)
Vậy \(1-\dfrac{1}{2^2}-\dfrac{1}{3^2}-.......-\dfrac{1}{100^2}>\dfrac{1}{100}\)
Xét \(\dfrac{x}{x+y+z+t}< \dfrac{x}{x+y+z}< \dfrac{x}{x+y}\)
\(\dfrac{y}{x+y+t+z}< \dfrac{y}{x+y+t}< \dfrac{y}{x+y}\)
\(\dfrac{z}{y+z+t+x}< \dfrac{z}{y+z+t}< \dfrac{z}{z+t}\)
\(\dfrac{t}{x+z+t+y}< \dfrac{t}{x+z+t}< \dfrac{t}{z+t}\)
Cộng cả ba vế , ta được :
\(\dfrac{x}{x+y+z+t}+\dfrac{y}{x+y+z+t}+\dfrac{z}{x+y+z+t}+\dfrac{t}{x+y+z+t}< \dfrac{x}{x+y+z}+\dfrac{y}{x+y+t}+\dfrac{z}{y+z+t}+\dfrac{t}{x+z+t}< \dfrac{x}{x+y}+\dfrac{y}{x+y}+\dfrac{z}{z+t}+\dfrac{t}{z+t}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x+y+z+t}{x+y+z+t}< M< \dfrac{x+y}{x+y}+\dfrac{z+t}{z+t}\)
\(\Rightarrow1< M< 2\)
Vậy M không phải số tự nhiên
\(\dfrac{x}{z}=\dfrac{z}{y}\Rightarrow\dfrac{x.z}{z.y}=\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{x^2}{z^2}=\dfrac{z^2}{y^2}=\dfrac{x^2+z^2}{y^2+z^2}\)
đăt \(\dfrac{x}{z}=\dfrac{z}{y}=k\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=zk\\z=yk\end{matrix}\right.\)=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=yk^2\\z=yk\end{matrix}\right.\)
ta có :\(\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{yk^2}{y}=k^2\left(1\right)\)
lại có \(\dfrac{x^2+z^2}{y^2+z^2}=\dfrac{y^2k^4+y^2k^2}{y^2+y^2k^2}=\dfrac{y^2k^2.\left(k^2+1\right)}{y^2.\left(1+k^2\right)}=k^2\left(2\right)\)
từ (1) và (2) => ĐPCM