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a) Gần giống cho nó giống luôn.
cần thêm (-x^3+2x^2-x) là giống
\(\left(x-1\right)^4+x^3-2x^2+x=\left(x-1\right)^4+x\left(x^2-2x+1\right)=\left(x-1\right)^4+x\left(x-1\right)^2\)
\(\left(x-1\right)^2\left[\left(x-1\right)^2+x\right]\)
\(\left[\begin{matrix}x-1=0\Rightarrow x=0\\\left(x-1\right)^2+x=\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
Nghiệm duy nhất: x=1
b. sửa đề
\(6x^4+25x^3+12x-25x^2+6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow6x^4+12x^3+13x^3+26x^2-14x^2-28x+3x+6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow6x^3\left(x+2\right)+13x^2\left(x+2\right)-14x\left(x+2\right)+3\left(x+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\right)\left(6x^3+13x^2-14x+3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(2x-1\right)\left(3x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\x=-3\\x=\dfrac{1}{2}\\x=\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy........
Bài 1 : Giải phương trình
a) (x + 3)4 + (x + 5)4 = 16
Đặt : x + 3 = t
=> x + 5 = x + 3 + 2 = t + 2
Thay x + 3 = t và x + 5 = t + 2 vào phương trình, ta có :
t4 + (t + 2)4 = 16
<=> 2t4 + 8t3 + 24t2 + 32t + 16 = 16
<=> 2(t4 + 4t3 + 12t2 + 16t) = 0
<=> t4 + 4t3 + 12t2 + 16t = 0
<=> (t + 2) . t . (t2 + 2y + 4) = 0
TH1 : t = 0
TH2 : t + 2 = 0 <=> t = -2
TH3 : t2 + 2y + 4 = 0 (vô nghiệm => loại)
Nên t = 0 hoặc t = -2
hay x + 3 = -2 hoặc x + 3 = 0
<=> x = -5 hoặc x = -3
\(S=\left\{-5;-3\right\}\)
b) 6x4 + 25x3 + 12x2 - 25x + 6 = 0
<=> 6x4 + 12x3 + 13x3 + 26x2 - 14x2 - 28x + 3x + 6 = 0
<=> 6x3 (x + 2) + 13x2 (x + 2) - 14x (x + 2) + 3(x + 2) = 0
<=> (x + 2)(6x3 + 13x2 - 14x + 3) = 0
<=> (x + 2)(6x3 + 18x2 - 5x2 - 15x + x + 3) = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\right)[6x^2\left(x+3\right)-5x\left(x+3\right)+\left(x+3\right)]=0\)
<=> (x + 2)(x + 3) (6x2 - 5x + 1) = 0
<=> (x + 2)(x + 3)(2x - 1)(3x - 1) = 0
TH1 : x + 2 = 0 <=> x = -2
TH2 : x + 3 = 0 <=> x = -3
TH3 : 2x - 1 = 0 <=> 2x = 1 <=> x = \(\dfrac{1}{2}\)
TH4 : 3x - 1 = 0 <=> 3x = 1 <=> 3x = \(\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(S=\left\{-2;-3;\dfrac{1}{2};\dfrac{1}{3}\right\}\)
a) \(4.\left(x-1\right)^2-9=0\)
\(\Rightarrow4.\left(x-1\right)^2=9\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2=9:4=\dfrac{9}{4}=\left(\pm\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow x-1=\pm\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=\dfrac{3}{2}\\x-1=\dfrac{-3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{5}{2}\\x=\dfrac{-1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
vậy\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{5}{2}\\x=\dfrac{-1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(\dfrac{1}{4}-9.\left(x-1\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow9.\left(x-1\right)^2=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-1^2\right)=\dfrac{1}{36}=(\pm\dfrac{1}{6})^2\)
\(\Rightarrow x-1=\pm\dfrac{1}{6}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=\dfrac{1}{6}\\x-1=\dfrac{-1}{6}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{7}{6}\\x=\dfrac{5}{6}\end{matrix}\right.\)
vậy \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{7}{6}\\x=\dfrac{5}{6}\end{matrix}\right.\)
e) \(\dfrac{1}{16}-\left(2x+\dfrac{3}{4}\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(2x+\dfrac{3}{4}\right)^2=\dfrac{1}{16}=\left(\pm\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow2x+\dfrac{3}{4}=\pm\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x+\dfrac{3}{4}=\dfrac{1}{4}\\2x+\dfrac{3}{4}=\dfrac{-1}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{-1}{4}\\x=\dfrac{-1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
vậy \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{-1}{4}\\x=\dfrac{-1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(3x\left(25x+15\right)-35\left(5x+3\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow75x^2+45x-175x-105=0\\\Leftrightarrow 75x^2-130x-105=0\\\Leftrightarrow 75\left(x^2-\frac{26}{15}x-\frac{7}{5}\right)=0\\\Leftrightarrow x^2-\frac{26}{15}x-\frac{7}{5}=0\\\Leftrightarrow x^2+\frac{3}{5}x-\frac{7}{3}x-\frac{7}{5}=0\\\Leftrightarrow \left(x+\frac{3}{5}\right)\left(x-\frac{7}{3}\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+\frac{3}{5}=0\\x-\frac{7}{3}=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\frac{3}{5}\\x=\frac{7}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy tập nghiệm của phương trình trên là \(S=\left\{-\frac{3}{5};\frac{7}{3}\right\}\)
\(1.\left(5x+1\right)^2=\left(3x-2\right)^2\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(5x+1\right)^2-\left(3x-2\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(5x+1-3x+2\right)\left(5x+1+3x-2\right)=0\\\Leftrightarrow \left(2x+3\right)\left(8x-1\right)=0\\\Leftrightarrow \left[{}\begin{matrix}2x+3=0\\8x-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\frac{2}{3}\\x=\frac{1}{8}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy tập nghiệm của phương trình trên là \(S=\left\{-\frac{2}{3};\frac{1}{8}\right\}\)
c/ Ta có: (x2 + 5x + 4).(9x2 + 30x + 16) = 4x2
=> (x + 1).(x + 4).(3x + 2).(3x + 8) = 4x2
=> (x + 1).(3x + 8).(x + 4).(3x + 2) = 4x2
=> (3x2 + 11x + 8).(3x2 + 14x + 8) = 4x2
=> (3x2 + \(\frac{25}{2}\)x + 8 - \(\frac{3}{2}\)x) . (3x2 + \(\frac{25}{2}\)x + 8 + \(\frac{3}{2}\)x) = 4x2
=> (3x2 + \(\frac{25}{2}\)x + 8)2 - \(\frac{9}{4}\)x2 = 4x2
=> (3x2 + \(\frac{25}{2}\)x + 8)2 = \(\frac{25}{4}\)x2
=> 3x2 + \(\frac{25}{2}\)x + 8 = \(\frac{5}{2}\)x hoặc 3x2 + \(\frac{25}{2}\)x + 8 = \(-\frac{5}{2}\)x
+) Với \(3x^2+\frac{25}{2}x+8=\frac{5}{2}x\Rightarrow3x^2+10x+8=0\) . Tới đây bạn tự giải
+) Với \(3x^2+\frac{25}{2}x+8=-\frac{5}{2}x\Rightarrow3x^2+15x+8=0\). Tới đây bạn tự giải
d/ (x2 + x + 1)2 = 3(x4 + x2 + 1) => (x2 + x + 1).(x2 + x + 1) = 3.(x4 + x2 + 1)
Chia 2 vế cho x2 ta được: \(\left(x+\frac{1}{x}+1\right).\left(x+\frac{1}{x}+1\right)=3.\left(x^2+\frac{1}{x^2}+1\right)\)
Đặt \(a=x+\frac{1}{x}\). Có: \(\left|a\right|=\left|x+\frac{1}{x}\right|=\left|x\right|+\frac{1}{\left|x\right|}\ge2\Rightarrow\left|a\right|\ge2\). Mặt khác: \(x^2+\frac{1}{x^2}=a^2-2\)
Ta có pt: (a + 1).(a + 1) = 3.(a2 - 2 + 1) => a2 + 2a + 1 = 3a2 - 3 => 2a2 - 2a - 4 = 0 => a = 2 (nhận) hoặc a = -1(loại)
+) Với a = 2 \(\Rightarrow x+\frac{1}{x}=2\). Tới đây bạn tự giải
e/ 6x4 + 25x3 + 12x2 - 25x + 6 = 0
Vì x = 0 k là nghiệm của pt nên pt đã cho \(\Leftrightarrow6.\left(x^2+\frac{1}{x^2}\right)+25.\left(x-\frac{1}{x}\right)+12=0\)
Đặt \(a=x-\frac{1}{x}\Rightarrow x^2+\frac{1}{x^2}=a^2+2\). Ta có phương trình: 6(a2 + 2) + 25a + 12 = 0
=> 6a2 + 12 + 25a + 12 = 0 => 6a2 + 25a + 24 = 0 => a = -3/2 hoặc a = -8/3
+) Với a = -3/2 \(\Rightarrow x-\frac{1}{x}=-\frac{3}{2}\) .Tới đây bạn tự giải
+) Với a = -8/3 \(\Rightarrow x-\frac{1}{x}=-\frac{8}{3}\). Tới đây bạn tự giải
a) \(7x^3y-3xyz-21x^2+9z\)
\(=7x^2\left(xy-3\right)-3z\left(xy-3\right)\)
\(=\left(7x^2-3z\right)\left(xy-3\right)\)
b) \(4x^2-2x-y^2-y\)
\(=\left[\left(2x\right)^2-y^2\right]-\left(2x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(2x-y\right)\left(2x+y\right)-\left(2x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(2x+y\right)\left(2x-y-1\right)\)
c) \(9x^2-25y^2-6x+10y\)
\(=\left(3x\right)^2-\left(5y\right)^2-2\left(3x-5y\right)\)
\(=\left(3x-5y\right)\left(3x+5y\right)-2\left(3x-5y\right)\)
\(=\left(3x-5y\right)\left(3x+5y-2\right)\)
d) \(\left(5x-4\right)^2+\left(16-25x^2\right)+\left(5x-4\right)\left(3x+2\right)\)
\(=\left(5x-4\right)\left[\left(5x-4\right)+\left(3x+2\right)\right]+\left(4^2-\left(5x\right)^2\right)\)
\(=\left(5x-4\right)\left(8x-2\right)+\left(4-5x\right)\left(4+5x\right)\)
\(=\left(4-5x\right)\left(2-8x\right)+\left(4-5x\right)\left(4+5x\right)\)
\(=\left(4-5x\right)\left[\left(2-8x\right)+\left(4+5x\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(4-5x\right)\left(6-3x\right)\)
Lời giải:
\((5x-4)^2+(16-25x^2)+(5x-4)(3x+2)\)
\(=(5x-4)^2-[(5x)^2-4^2]+(5x-4)(3x+2)\)
\(=(5x-4)^2-(5x-4)(5x+4)+(5x-4)(3x+2)\)
\(=(5x-4)[(5x-4)-(5x+4)+(3x+2)]\)
\(=(5x-4)(3x-6)=3(5x-4)(x-2)\)
\(\left(5x-4\right)^2+3\left(16-25x^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(5x-4\right)^2-3\left(25x^2-16\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(5x-4\right)^2-3\left(5x-4\right)\left(5x+4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(5x-4\right)\left[5x-4-3\left(5x+4\right)\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(5x-4\right)\left(5x-4-15x-12\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(5x-4\right)\left(-10x-16\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5x-4=0\)hoặc \(-10x-16=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5x=4\) hoặc \(-2\left(5x+8\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{4}{5}\) hoặc \(5x+8=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{4}{5}\)hoặc \(x=\frac{-8}{5}\)
Vậy tập nghiệm của phương trình là : \(S=\left\{\frac{-8}{5};\frac{4}{5}\right\}\)
Ta có: \(\left(5x-4\right)^2-3.\left(5x-4\right).\left(5x+4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(5x-4\right).\left[\left(5x-4\right)-3\left(5x+4\right)\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(5x-4\right).\left(5x-4-15x-12\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-2.\left(5x-4\right).\left(5x+8\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}5x-4=0\\5x+8=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{4}{5}\\x=\frac{-8}{5}\end{cases}}\)
Vậy \(S=\left\{\frac{4}{5};\frac{-8}{5}\right\}\)