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\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,4\cdot1=0,4mol\)
\(2NaOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+H_2O\)
0,8 0,4
\(V_{NaOH}=\dfrac{0,8}{0,5}=1,6l\)
Gọi x,y,z lần lượt là số mol của Al,Mg,Zn
PT:
2Al + 6HCl--->2AlCl3 + 3H2
x-------3x----------------------1,5x mol
Mg + 2HCl--->MgCl2 + H2
y-----2y----------------------y mol
Zn + 2HCl--->ZnCl2 + H2
z----2z--------------------z mol
b.
Số mol H2: nH2=16,352/22,4=0,73 mol
1,5x+y+z=0,73
27x = 24y =>x=8y/9
=>7y/3 +z =0,73 (*)
27x + 24y + 65z=19,6
27x = 24y
=> 48y + 65z =19,6 (**)
Từ (*),(**)
=>y=0,27 => mMg =6,48 g
z=0,1=>mZn = 6,5 g
x=0,24=>mAl =6,48g
c.
nHCl =2nH2
=>nHCl =2.0,73=1,46 mol
=>V dd=1,46/2=0,73(l)
nHCl=0,3.2=0,6(mol)
a) PTHH: CuO +2 HCl -> CuCl2 + H2O
0,3_______________0,6___0,3(mol)
b) mCuO=0,3.80=24(g)
c) VddCuCl2=VddHCl=0,3(l)
=>CMddCuCl2=0,3/0,3=1(M)
d) m(muối)=0,3.135=40,5(g)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{9,75}{65}=0,15mol\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,15 0,3 0,15 0,15
\(m_{ZnCl_2}=0,15\cdot136=20,4\left(g\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=0,15\cdot22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)
\(C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,1}=3M\)
\(a.PTHH:Fe_2O_3+6HCl--->2FeCl_3+3H_2O\)
b. Ta có: \(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=6.n_{Fe_2O_3}=6.0,1=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,6.36,5=21,9\left(g\right)\)
c. Theo PT: \(n_{FeCl_3}=2.n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,1.2=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{FeCl_3}=0,2.162,5=32,5\left(g\right)\)
Ta có: \(m_{dd_{FeCl_3}}=16+284=300\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{\%_{FeCl_3}}=\dfrac{32,5}{300}.100\%=10,83\%\)
nFe2O3= 0.1(mol)
PTHH: Fe2O3 + 6HCl -> 2FeCl3 + 3H2O (1)
a) Theo PT (1) : nHCl = 6 nFe2O3 -> nHCl = 0.1*6= 0.6(mol)
=> mHCl= 0.6*36.5 = 21.9(g)
b)nFeCl3=0.2(mol)
mFeCl3= 162.5*0.2=32.5(g)
=> mdd sau phản ứng: 248+16 = 264(g)
=> C%muối= 32.5:264*100=12.3%
a) Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
b) \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{22,4}{56}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
_____0,4--->0,8------>0,4--->0,4
=> VH2 = 0,4.22,4 = 8,96(l)
c) mHCl = 0,8.36,5 = 29,2 (g)
=> \(m_{dd\left(HCl\right)}=\dfrac{29,2.100}{7,3}=400\left(g\right)\)
mdd (sau pư) = 22,4 + 400 - 0,4.2 = 421,6 (g)
=> \(C\%\left(FeCl_2\right)=\dfrac{127.0,4}{421,6}.100\%=12,05\%\)
a) \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CaCO3 + 2HCl ---> CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O
0,3<-----0,6<------------------0,3
=> m = 0,3.100 = 30 (g)
b) \(C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,6.36,5}{150}.100\%=14,6\%\)
a, \(Na_2CO_3+2HCl\rightarrow2NaCl+CO_2+H_2O\)
b, \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{0,896}{22,4}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{CO_2}=0,08\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,08}{0,2}=0,4\left(M\right)\)
c, \(n_{Na_2CO_3}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{0,04.106}{10}.100\%=42,4\%\\\%m_{NaCl}=57,6\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 3 :
a, \(NaOH+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)
b, \(m_{NaOH}=\frac{40.20}{100}=8\left(g\right)\)
\(\rightarrow n_{NaOH}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo pt: nHCl= nNaOH= 0,2 mol
\(\rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,2.36,5=7,3\left(g\right)\)
\(\rightarrow m_{dd}=29,2\left(g\right)\)
c, \(m_{NaCl}=0,2.\left(23+35,5\right)=11,7\left(g\right)\)
\(\rightarrow m_{dd}=29,2+40=69,2\left(g\right)\)
\(\rightarrow\%_{NaCl}=\frac{11,7}{69,2}=16,9\%\)
cám ơn bạn nhiều