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\(a.\left(2x-3\right)\left(4x^2+6x+9\right)-\left(2x+3\right)\left(4x^2-6x+9\right)\\ =\left(2x\right)^3-3^3-\left[\left(2x\right)^3+3^3\right]\\ =8x^3-9-\left(8x^3+9\right)\\ =8x^3-9-8x^3-9=-18\)
\(b.\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)-\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)\\ =x^3+1-\left(x^3-1\right)\\ =x^3+1-x^3+1=2\)
\(c.\left(3x-1\right)\left(3x+1\right)-\left(3x-2\right)^2\\ =9x^2-1-\left(9x^2-12x+4\right)\\ =9x^2-1-9x^2+12x-4\\ =12x-5\)
\(d.\left(2x-3\right)^2-\left(2x+3\right)\left(2x-3\right)\\ =\left(2x-3\right)\cdot\left[\left(2x-3\right)-\left(2x+3\right)\right]\\ =\left(2x-3\right)\cdot\left(2x-3-2x-3\right)\\ =\left(2x-3\right)\cdot\left(-6\right)\\ =-12x\cdot18\)
\(e.\left(3x-4\right)^2-\left(2x+4\right)^2\\ =9x^2-24x+16-\left(4x^2+16x+16\right)\\ =9x^2-24x+16-4x^2-16x-16\\ =5x^2-40x\)
\(f.\left(3x-5\right)^3-\left(3x+5\right)^3\\ =27x^3-135x^2+225x-125-\left(27x^3+135x^2+225x+125\right)\\ =27x^3-135x^2+225x-125-27x^3-135x^2-225x-125\\ =-270x^2-250\)
\(g.\left(2x-1\right)^2-\left(3x-1\right)^2\\ =4x^2-4x+1-\left(9x^2-6x+1\right)\\ =4x^2-4x+1-9x^2+6x-1\\ =-5x^2+2x\)
\(h.\left(x-2y\right)\left(x^2+2xy+4y^2\right)+\left(x^3-6y^3\right)\\ =x^3-8y^3+x^3-6y^3\\ =2x^3-14y^3\)
\(a,VT=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a-b+c\right)\)
\(=\left(a+c+b\right)\left(a+c-b\right)\)
\(=\left(a+c\right)^2-b^2\)
\(=a^2+2ac+c^2-b^2=VP\)
\(b,VT=\left(3x+2y\right)\left(3x-2y\right)-\left(4x-2y\right)\left(4x+2y\right)\)
\(=9x^2-4y^2-16x^2+4y^2=-7x^2=VP\)
\(c,VT=x^3-1-x^3-1=-2=VP\)
\(d,VT=8x^3+1-8x^3+1=2=VP\)
\(e,VT=\left(x^2+2xy+4y^2\right)\left(x-2y-2x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+2xy+4y^2\right)\left(-x-2y+1\right)\)
\(=-x^3-2x^2y+x^2-2x^2y-4xy^2+2xy-4xy^2-8y^3+4y^2\)
( bn kiểm tra lại đề nhé)
a,\(xy+3x-7y-21\)
\(=x\left(y+3\right)-7\left(y+3\right)\)
\(=\left(y+3\right)\left(x-7\right)\)
\(b,2xy-15-6x+5y\)
\(=\left(2xy-6x\right)+\left(-15+5y\right)\)
\(=2x\left(y-3\right)-5\left(3-y\right)\)
\(=2x\left(y-3\right)+5\left(y-3\right)\)
\(=\left(y-3\right)\left(2x+5\right)\)
Bài 1: Thực hiện phép tính
a) 3x(2x2 - 5x + 9) = \(6x^3-15x^2+27x\)
b) 5x(x2-xy+1) = \(5x^3-5xy+5x\)
c) -2/3x2y(3xy-x2+y) = \(-2x^3y^2+\dfrac{2}{3}x^4y-\dfrac{2}{3}x^2y^2\)
2) Thực hiện phép tính
a) (5x-2y) (x2-xy+1) = \(5x^3+5x-7y-2x^3y+2xy^2\)
b) (x+3y)(x2-2xy+y) = \(x^3-x^2y+xy+6xy^2+y^2\)
c) (3x-5y) (4x+ 7y) = \(12x^2-xy-35y^2\)
Bài 3: Rút gọn các biểu thức sau(bằng cách khai triển hằng đẳng thức):
a) (x+y)2+(x-y)2
= \(x^2+2xy+y^2+x^2-2xy+y^2\)
= \(\left(x^2+x^2\right)+\left(2xy-2xy\right)+\left(y^2+y^2\right)\)
= \(2x^2+2y^2=2\left(x^2+y^2\right)\)
b) (x+2)(x-2)-(x-3)(x+1)
= \(x^2-4\) - \(\left(x^2-2x-3\right)\)= \(x^2-4-x^2+2x+3\)
= \(\left(x^2-x^2\right)+2x+\left(-4+3\right)\)=\(2x-1\)
c) (x-2)(x+2)-(x-2)2
=>\(x^2-4-\left(x^2-2.x.2+2^2\right)=x^2-4-x^2-4x+4=\left(x^2-x^2\right)+\left(-4+4\right)-4x=-4x\)
d) (2x+y)(4x2-2xy+y2)-(2x-y)(4x2+2xy+y2)
= \(8x^3+y^3-\left(8x^3-y^3\right)\)
= \(8x^3+y^3-8x^3+y^3\)
= \(\left(8x^3-8x^3\right)+\left(y^3+y^3\right)\)= \(2y^3\)
a) 2x2.(5x3-4x2y-7xy +1) =10x5-8x4y-14x3y+2x2 b) (5x -2y)(x2 -xy +1) =5x3-5x2y+5x-2x2y+2xy2-2y =5x3-7x2y+2xy2+5x-2y c) (\(\dfrac{1}{2}\)x -1)(2x -3) =x2-\(\dfrac{3}{2}\)x-2x+3 =x2-\(\dfrac{7}{2}\)x+3 d) (x +3y)2 =x2+6xy+9y2 e) (3x -2y)2 =9x2-12xy+4y2 g) (\(\dfrac{1}{4}\)x - 3y)(\(\dfrac{1}{4}\)x +3y) =\(\dfrac{1}{16}\)x2-9y2 f) (2x +3)3 =8x3+36x2+54x+27 h) (3 -2y)3 =27-54y+36y2-8y3
- Viết 7 hằng đẳng thức đáng nhớ :
\(\left(A+B\right)^2=A^2+2AB+B^2\)
\(\left(A-B\right)^2=A^2-2AB+B^2\)
\(A^2-B^2=\left(A-B\right)\left(A+B\right)\)
\(\left(A+B\right)^3=A^3+3A^2B+3AB^2+B^3\)
\(\left(A-B\right)^3=A^3-3A^2B+3AB^2-B^3\)
\(A^3-B^3=\left(A-B\right)\left(A^2+AB+B^2\right)\)
\(A^3+B^3=\left(A+B\right)\left(A^2-AB+B^2\right)\)
- Áp dụng :
\(a,\left(x+2y\right)^2=x^2+4xy+4y^2\)
\(b,\left(\dfrac{5x-1}{2}\right)^2=\dfrac{\left(5x-1\right)^2}{2^2}=\dfrac{25x^2-10x+1}{4}\)
\(c,\left(\dfrac{1}{3x-3}\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{3x+3}\right)=\dfrac{1.1}{\left(3x-3\right)\left(3x+3\right)}=\dfrac{1}{9x^2-9}\)
\(d,\left(2x+3\right)^3=8x^3+36x^2+54x+27\)
\(e,\left(\dfrac{1}{4y-2x}\right)^2=\dfrac{1}{\left(4y-2x\right)^2}=\dfrac{1}{16y^2-16xy+4x^2}\)
\(f,\left(2x-y\right)\left(4x^2+2xy+y^2\right)=\left(2x\right)^3-y^3=8x^3-y^3\)
\(g,\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2-3x+9\right)=x^3+27\)