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I. Rewrite the following sentences
1. My father often walks in the park with my mother every morning
=> My father often has a walk in the park with my mother every morning.
2. They seldom went to the cinema last year
=> Seldom went they to the cinema last year.
3. We didn't intend to go for a walk with them
=> We had not intention to go for a walk with them.
4. He doesn't smoke anymore, but he smoked a lot 2 year ago
=> He used to smoke a lot 2 years ago but he doesn't anymore.
5. Apples are usually cheaper than oranges
=> Apples are not usually as expensive as oranges.
6. My salary is high but his is very high
=> His salary is higher than my salary.
7. I can't cook as well as my mother does
=> My mother cooks better than I do.
8. Unless it stops raining, we won't go out
=> If it doesn't stop raining, we won't go out.
9. She didn't cook as well as you did
=> You cooked better than she does.
10. Unless someone has a key, we can't get into the house
=> We can only get into the house if someone has the key
11. Because of being careful, she didn't make any mistakes in her answers
=> Because she was careful, she didn't make any mistakes in her answers.
12. She said ''I'll spend my holiday in Italy next year''
=> She said that she would spend her holiday in Italy the next year.
13. She didn't buy it because the price was too high
=> Because of the high price, she didn't buy it.
14. We didn't go on holiday because we didn't have enough mone
=> If we had had enough money, we would have gone on holiday.
15. The question was so difficult that we can't answer it
=> The question was too difficult for us to answer.
II. Write the following sentences as directed
1. She has just completed the picture. The composition of the picture was suggested by me
=> The picture whose composition was suggested by me has just been completed.
2. Such a situation should never again be allowed to arise
=> Never again should never such a situation again be allowed to arise.
3. If you want to make your life worth living, make yourself useful
=> Making youself useful in order to make your life worth living.
4. They said he had left Paris secretly in his private car
=> It was said that he had left Paris secretly in his private car.
5. Tom didn't do his test well because he didn't study his lessons carefully
=> If Tom had studied his lessons carefully, he would have done his test well.
6. They had such a good crop that they decided to give a party
=> The crop was so good that they decided to give a party.
7. He made a great discovery. He took pride in it
=> He took pride in having made a great discovery.
8. You may be intelligent, but you should be careful about this
=> No matter how intelligent you are, you should be careful about this.
9. He asked me if I was ready to carry out other assignments
=> He said to me ''Are you ready to carry out other assignments ?''
10. ''Which of you has put the ink on my chair?'' The teacher said
=> The teacher asked me which of me had put the ink on her chair.
change the following statements into reported speeh
1.My father is in hospital.=>jim said his father was in hospital
2.Nora and Jim are getting married next month.=>She said Nora and Jim were getting married the next month
3.I haven't seen Bill for a while.=>Tim said he hadn't seen BIll for a while
4.I've been playing tennis a lot recently.=>my father said he had been playing tennis a lot recently
5.Margaret has had a baby.=>she said margaret had had a baby
6.I don't know what Fred is doing.=>George said he didn’t know what Fred was doing
7.I hardly ever go out these days.=>he said he hardly ever went out those days
8.I work 14 hours a day.=>lan'brother said he worked 14 hours a day
9.I'll tel Jim I saw you.=>he said he would tell Jim he had seen me
10.you can come and stay with me if you are in london=>Bill said I could come and stay with him if I was in London
11.Tom had an accident last week but he wasn't injured.=>Joe said Tom had had an accident the previous week but he hadn’t been injured
12.I saw Jack at a party a few months ago and he seemed fine.=>Jone said he had seen Jack at a party a few months ago and he had seemed fine
13.I can't come to the party on Friday.=>binh said he couldn't come to the party on Friday
14.I want to go on holiday but I don't know where to go=>the girl said she wanted to go on holiday but she didn''t know where to go
15.We have a lift but very often it doesn't work.=>they said they had a lift but very often it didn't work
16.It isn't so rainy today as it was yesterday=>he remarked it wasn't so rainy today that day as it had been the previous day
17.the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.=>the teacher said that
the sun rose in the east and set in the west
Part 1: Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning.
1/ He asked me : '' Where will you go tomorrow ?''
=> He asked me .........where I would go the next day............
2/ I can't swim.
=> I wish........I could swim ........
3/ It's a pity that I don't have a chance to meet my favorite band.
=> I wish.........I had a chance to meet my favorite band........
4/ He asked me: '' Are you going home now? ''
=> He asked .......me if I was going home then.........
5/ My father said : '' Where do you want to go next summer? ''
=> My father asked......me where I wanted to go the next summer..........
6/ We are working hard. We want to pass the final examination. ( because )
=>........We are working hard because we want to pass the final exmaination...........
7/ He is so intelligent that everyone admires him . ( such )
=>......He is such a intelligent boy that everyone admires him.........
8/ Study hard or uoy will fail the exam.
=>If .........you don't study hard , you fail the exam..........
I:Rewrite the following sentences using "because of"instead of "because"
1.English is learned by millions of students because it is important
-> English is learned by millions of students because of its importance
2.We couldn't go out because the weather was not fine
->We couldn't go out because of the bad weather
3.These students arrived late because they had an accident
->These students arrived late because of an accident
4.M.r Baker and M.r Yamamoto can't understand each other because their languages are different
->.M.r Baker and M.r Yamamoto can't understand each other because of their different languages
5.Nick is often punished because he is lazy
->Nick is often punished because of his laziness
6.These persons live unhappily because they are very poor
->.These people live unhappily because of their poverty
7.All the students love the principal because he is very kind
->All the students love the principal because of his kindness
II:Rewrite the following sentences using "Because"instead of "Because OF"
1.We respected Mr.Lung because of his honesty
->We respected Mr.Lung because he is honest
2.My friend was absent because of his illness
->My friend was absent because he was ill
3.This boy is ignorant because of his laziness
->This boy is ignorant because he is lazy
4.Because of the invention of computers,puplis no longer spend much time in calculating
->.Because people invented the computers, puplis no longer spend much time in calculating
5.Because of my friend's absence.I have to coppy the lesson for him.
.->Because my friend is absent, I have to coppy the lesson for him.
6.Our guests aeeived late because of the bad weather.
->Our guests aeeived late because the weather was bad
7.I catch cold now because of going out in the rain yesterday
->..I catch cold now because i went out in the rain yesterday
III:Change clauses of concession to phrases:ALTHOUGH//THOUGH <<=>>DESPITE//IN SPITE OF
1.Lam didn't eat much though she was hungry
->lam didn't eat much despite her hunger
2.Trí couldn't solve the problem though he is good at maths
->.Trí couldn't solve the problem despite being good at maths
3.M.r Pike doesn't wear glasses though he is over sixty
->M.r Pike doesn't wear glasses in spite of his old age
4.Although he had much experience in machinery,he didn't succeed in repairing this machine
->in spite of his experience in machinery,he didn't succeed in repairing this machine
5.Although it got dark ,they continued to work
->despite the darkness, they continued to work
6.Although it was noisy ,Chou kept on studying
->in spite of the noise, Chou kept on studying
7.Although it rained heavily,I went to school on time
->despitethe heavy rain, ,I went to school on time
8.The flight was not delayed though it was foggy
->.the flight was not delayed despite the fog
9.Viet ate all the fruits though they were green
->.Viet ate all the fruits despite their green
10.We did the test well though it was difficullt
->We did the test well in spite of its difficulty
11.Although he is strong ,I'm not afraid of him
->despite his strength, I'm not afraid of him
12.Everybody has great regard for him though he is poor
->Everybody has great regard for him in spite of his poverty
13.The plane took off though the weather was bad
->The plane took off in spite of the bad weather
14.He didn't stop his car though the traffic lights turned red
-> He didn't stop his car despite the traffic lights' turning red
15.He studies hard though his life was hard at that time
-> He studies hard in spite of his hard life at that time
16.Although the streets are narrow ,many people drive cars in this city
->.despite the narrow streets, many people drive cars in this city
17.Although his english was good,he wasn't chosen
->despite his good englush, he wasn't chosen
18.Although he's got an English name,he is in fact Vietnamese
->.in spite of his English name,he is in fact Vietnamese
19.He awlays studies hard though he encounters difficult
->He awlays studies hard despite encountering difficult
20.Although the weather is bad e are going to have a picnic,w
->in spite of the bad weather, we are going to have a picnic
21.Although he had not finished the paper,he went to sleep
->despite having not finished the paper,he went to sleep
22.She attended the class although she didn't feel alert.
-> She attended the class in spite of not feeling alert.
23.The child ate the cookies even though his mother had told him not to.
-> The child ate the cookies in spite of his mother's telling him not to
24.She drank coffee to keep herself warm although she disliked it
-> She drank coffee to keep herself warm despite disliking it
25.Mary will takes a plane even though she dislikes flying
->. Mary will takes a plane in spite of her disliking flying
26.Although Tram was sad,she managed to smile
->.despite Tram's sadness, she managed to smile
27.The old woman told interesting stories to the children although her memory was poor.
-> The old woman told interesting stories to the children in spite of her poor memory
28.Though he had been absent frequently ,he was managed tp pass the test
->in spite of his frequent absence ,he was managed tp pass the test
29.He ate the chocolate cake even though he was on diet
->. .He ate the chocolate cake in spite of his diet
30.Although the prices are high,my daughters insist on buying a new motorbike
->.despite the high prices, my daughters insist on buying a new motorbike
I)
1.Why don’t we use this bag to carry these things?
=> He suggested using that bag to carry those things
2. “You should drink more water”
=>The doctor suggested that I should drink more water
3. “You should finish your homework immediately”
=> My father suggested that I should finish my homework immediately
4.Let’s play chess! =>He suggested playing chess
5.The girl is so friendly that everyone loves her
=> She is such a friendly girl that everyone loves her
6.The soup is very hot, so I can’t drink it
=>The soup is too hot for me to drink
=>It is such hot soup that I can't drink it
7.This job was so difficult that he couldn’t do it himself
=> It was such a difficult job that he couldn't do it himself
8.The music was very loud, so you could hear it from miles away
=>The music was so loud that you could hear it from miles away
9.It was so hot a day that we decided to stay indoors
=>It was such a hot day that we decided to stay indoors
10.These pictures are so beautiful that everybody will want one
=>They are such beautiful pictures that everybody will want one
1. We didn't go on holiday because we didn't have enough money
=> If we had had enough money, we would have gone on holiday.
2. I can't write to Mai because I don't know her address
=> If I knew Mai's address, I could write to her
3. The keepers feed the animals at the zoo three times a day
=> The animals are fed by the keepers at the zoo three times a day
4. They are building a big hydropower plant in Son La
=> A big hydropower plant is being built in Son la
5. ''Please sit down'' the teacher said to me
=> The teacher asked me to sit down
6. I fell asleep because the film was boring
=> The film was so boring that I fell asleep
7. Cars cause pollution but people still want them
=> Although cars cause pollution, people still want them
8. My mother never allows me to go out alone at night
=> I was never allowed by my mother to go out alone at night
9. We haven't been to the concert for two years
=> we didn't go to the concert 2 years ago
10. Although they were very poor, the children seemed happy
=> Despite their poverty, the children seemed happy
11. He used to travel around the country
=> He no longer travels around the country
II. Use the suggested words to make meaningful sentences
1. Would/ like/ visit/ forest/ near/ uncle's/ again?
would you like to visit the forest near your uncle again?
2. Dolphins/ grow/ 10 metres/ length/ and/ 8,200 kg/ weight
dolphins grown up are 10 metres length and 8.200 weight
1.The robbers made the cashier hand over the money.
2. The film star objected to being criticised by non-professional.
3.Jeff had his car stolen two days ago.
4.We couldn't go to Pam's flat: She is having it painted.
5.The company is expected to have been profitable in the coming years.
6.Nobody is believed to have been hurt in the accident by the police.
7. John is known to have been in prison for several times.
8.That man was seen to rush out of the bank after the robbery.
9.The secretary told me a lot of lies.
10.There are fewer than twenty people thought to live in the village.
I. Rewrite each of the following sentences in such a way that it means exactly the same as the sentences printed above it:
1. To advertise this new kind of soap is necessary
=> We find it necessary to adverise this new kind of soap
2. He started playing football five years ago
=> He has played football for five years.
3. The room is going to be painted next week
=> We are going to paint the room next week.
4. Because of driving too fast, he caused a serious accident
=> Beacause he drove too fast, he caused a serious accident.
5. Tom finds it difficult to meet people
=> Tom has difficulty in meeting people.
6. Keep quiet or I'll scream
=> Unless you keep quiet, I'll scream.
7. Unless he phones immediately, he won't get any information
=>If he doesn't phone immediately, he won't get any information.
8. We didn't have enough rain, so we could not grow rice
=> If we had had enough rain, we could have grown rice.
9. It was such a long homework that I couldn't finish it
=> The home work was so long that I couldn't finish it.
10. The last time I saw Dick was in 1985
=> I haven't seen Dick since 1985.
II. Rewrite the following sentences as directed in parentheses:
1. Jane doesn't speak English as well as Betty
=> Betty speaks English better than Jane.
2. He did his homework, then he went to bed
=> After he had done his homework, he went to bed.
3. Your house is bigger than mine
=> My house is smaller than yours.
4. The lesson is so difficult that we can't understand it
=> It is such a difficult lesson that we can't understand it.
5. The weather was so cold that we didn't go out
=> It was such cold weather that we didn't go out.
6. The room was so dark that I couldn't see anything
=> It was such a dark room that I couldn't see anything.
7. The car is so old that he can't drive it
=> It is such an old car that he can't drive it.
8. The book is so bad that nobody read it
=> It is such a bad book that nobody read it.
9. The homework is so long that I can't finish it
=> It is such long homework that I can't finish it.
Exercise 1: Rewrite the following sentences that keep the same meaning.
1. It isn’t necessary to finish the work to day.
=> You don’t ……have to finish the work today.…………..
2. Sally finally managed to get a job.
=> Sally finally succeeded …in getting a job.…………….
3. That’s the last time I go to that restaurant.
=> I certainly………won’t go to that restaurant any more.……
4. “I advise you to take a holiday,” the doctor continued.
=> You’d ……better take a holiday.…..
5. If you don’t rest yourself you really will be ill.
=> Unless ………you rest yourself you really will be ill.………….
6. I should someone to take me out to dinner.
=> What I should …………like is being/ to be taken out to dinner.……..………..
7. Martin may not be very well but he still manages to enjoy life.
=> Martin’s poor ………..…health doesn’t / can’t prevent / stop him ( from ) enjoying life.……..
8. They’ll have to take the dog on holiday with them.
=> They can’t leave ……… their dog behind when they go/are on holiday.………..…….
9. My aunt got heavily stressed because her marriage broke up.
=> The break-up of the marriage…………made my aunt heavily stressed.…
10. I can’t believe that he passed the exam.
=> I find…………it hard to believe that he passed the exam.……………
Exercise 2: Rewrite the following sentences that keep the same meaning.
1. This is the fastest way to get to the city center.
=> There …………is no faster way than this to get to the city center........................
2. If anyone succeeds in solving the problems, it will probably be him.
=> He is the most ……ly person to succeed in solving the problems.........
3. We arrived too late to see the first film.
=> We didn’t …………arrive early enough to see the first film.............
4. “Would you mind not smoking in here?”
=> I’d rather …….you didn’t smoke in here.....
5. He wrote the letter in two hours.
=> It took ……......him 2 hours to write the letter..........
6. “Why don’t we go out for a walk?”
=> My father suggested …….we should go out for a while.…...........
7. In spite of his age, Mr. Benson runs 8 miles before breakfast.
=> Though ……..........Mr.Benson is old, He runs 8 miles before breakfast..
8. I was very interested in our conversation.
=> It was interesting .……....to talk to you........
9. Why did you do that ?
=> Whatever …….did you do that for ?.............?
10. These bookshelves are my own work.
=> I made ……these bookshelves myself.
1.Because of the bad weather,we couldn't go camping.
=>The bad weather prevented us from going camping
2.It's the biggest dog I've ever seen.
=>I've never seen such a big dog
3.The owners of the restaurants are usually very rich.
=>The people who own the restaurants are usually very rich
4.It was such a cold day the we stayed indoors.
=>The day was so cold that we stayed indoors
5."Are you leaving for New York tomorrow?"he said to me.
=>He asked me if I was leaving for New York the next day
1.Because of the bad weather,we couldn't go camping.
=>The bad weather prevented.................us from going camping.........
2.It's the biggest dog I've ever seen.
=>I've never.............seen bigger dog before.................................
3.The owners of the restaurants are usually very rich.
=>The people......who own the restaurants are usually very rich.......
4.It was such a cold day the we stayed indoors.
=>The day was so...........cold that we stayed indoors.................
5."Are you leaving for New York tomorrow?"he said to me.
=>He asked me..........if I was leaving for New York the next day........