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1)Samuel started keeping a diary in 1997.
->Samuel has kept a diary since 1997.
2)We started learning English five years ago.
->We have learned English for fìve years
3)I began living in Ho Chi Minh city when I was 8.
->I have lived in Ho Chi Minh City since I was 8.
4)She has taught the children in this remote village for five months.
->She started teaching the children in this remote village five months ago
5)She hasn't had a swim for five years.
->She last hadn't had a swim five years ago
6)He hasn't written to me since April.
->The last time he wrote to me was 8 months ago
7)They last talked to each other two months ago.
->They haven't talked to each other for two months
8)The last time she saw her elder sister was in 1999.
-> She hasn't seen her elder sister since 1999.
9)She hasn't written to me for years.
->It's years since she didn't write to me
10)Robert and Catherine have been married for ten years.
->It's ten years since Robert and Catherine had married
11)It's two weeks since they cleaned their room.
-> They have cleaned their room for two weeks
12)It's over six months since John had his haircut.
->John has had his hair cut for over six months
13)How long is it since you rode a bicycle?
->When did you write a bike?
14)How long is it since he wrote to me?
->When did he last write to me?
15)When did he last talk to you?
->How long is it since he talked to you?
17)We have never eaten this kind of food before.
->It's the first time I have eaten that kind of food
18)This is the first time I have seen this film.
->I have never seen this film
19)John began playing the piano ten years ago.
->John has played the piano for ten years
1/Samel has kept a diary since 1997
2/we have learnt english for 5 years
3/i have lived in HCMcity since i was 8
4/she started teaching the childrenin this remote village 5 months ago
5/she last wrote 5 years ago
6/the last time he wrote wasApril ago
7/they havent talken for 2 months
8/they havent seen her elder sister since 1999
9/it is years since she last wrote to me
10/it's ten years since Robert and Catherine married
11/they have cleaned their room for 2 weeks
12/John has jised hair cutfor over 6 moths
13/when did you last ride a bycle
14/when did he last write to me
15/how long is it since he talken to you
16/how long is it since you telephoneed him
17/it is the first time i have eatten this kind of food
18/i have never seen this film before
19/John has played the piano for 10 years
20/he started giving up smoke i2 months ago
Quá khứ & hiện tại hoàn thành
1.When did you start learning English?
-->How long_____have you learnt English?____
2.How long is it since you began to play for manchester team?
-->When__did you play for manchester team ?_______
3.When did mary go shopping with my aunt?
-->How long is it____since mary last went shopping with my aunt ? __
4.How long have you worked for ABC bank?
-->How long ago____did you work for abc bank?__
5.When did you begin to play for the school soccer team?
-->How long____have you played for the school soccer team ?__
6.How long have they worked this kind of job?
-->When___did they work this kind of job?___
7.How long ago did you last see peter?
-->How long is it__since you last saw peter?__
8.When did he begin to teach English at this school?
-->How long__has he taught English at this school?__
9.How long have they got engaged?
-->When___did they get engaged?__
10.When did your family start to live in the city?
-->How long____has your family lived in the city?___
11.We haven't eaten this kind of food before.
--> This is the first time.I have eaten this kind of food....
12.this is the firs time i have gone to Vung Tau.
-->I have never..gone to Vung Tau before...
13.This is his firs travel to HCM city.
-->This is the first time..he has travelled to HCM city..
14.This is the firs time we have tasted such delicious food.
-->We have never..tasted such delicious food before..
15.I have never written a letter to a foreigner before.
-->It is the first time..I have written a lettter to a foreigner .
16.This is the firs time she has attended the club.
-->She has never..attended the club before..
17.My sister has not come to Peter's house before.
-->This is the first time..my sister has come to Peter's house.
18.I have never seen a dirtier-looking dog before.
-->This is the first.time I have seen a dirtier-looking dog..
19.This is the first time we haven't tasted such delicious food
-->We haven't.tasted such delicious food before..
20.This is the first time I have written such a long letter.
-->I have never...written such a long letter..
Quá khứ & Hiện tại hoàn thành
1/you have taken part in this English-speaking club since last month.
--> You began...taking part in this English-speaking club last month ........
2/ She has learned french with foreigners sinve 2005.
--> She started...learning french with foreigners in 2005....
3/ My father hasn't planted trees in the garden for two months.
--> My gather stopped...planting trees in the garden two months ago...
4/ My uncle has taught English for five years.
--> My uncle began...teaching E five years ago.
5/ They haven't produced this kind of for a long time.
--> They stopped...producing this kind of a long time àgo.
6/ Snow has dropped in this area since last December.
--> Snow started.dropping in this area last December...
7/ It has not rained since this morning.
--> It stopped...raining this morning..
8/ The boys have played football since 2 o'clock.
--> The boys began.playing football 2 o'clock ago...
9/ Mr.Pike has worked for my boss for five years.
--> mr.Pike started..working for my boss five years ago..
10/ This department store has provided us with cheese since last summer.
--> This department store started..providing us with cheese last summer...
11/ She has not drunk coffee since she was sick last week.
--> She stopped..drinking coffee when she was sick last week..
12/ I have not visited uncle Tri sinve 2006.
--> I last..visited uncle Tri in 2006...
13/ It's many years since linda last talked to me.
--> The last time..Linda talked to me was many years ago...
14/ We haven't seen mary since we left university.
--> We last...saw Mary when we left university.
15/ Long hasn"t wron Jeans since 2004.
--> The last time...Long wore Jeans was in 2004.
16/ I haven't travelled by plane for a year.
--> I last.. travelled by plane a year ago..
17/ My father gave up smoking cigarettes a month ago.
--> The last time... My father gave up smoking cigarettes was a month ago..
18/ You haven't helped me since you graduated from college.
--> You last.. helped me when you graduated from college..
19/ Mr.Brow stopped teaching English at this school on Jannuanary 10th.
--> The last time. Mr.Brow stopped teaching English at this school was on Jannuanary 10th...
20/ She hasn't written to John since August.
--> She last..wrote to John in August..
21/He hasn't visited to his uncle since the beginning of this year.
--> The last time..He visited to his uncle was in the beginning of this year...
22/ I bought these air-conditioners at the beginning of December.
--> I have.bought these air-conditioners since the beginning of December...
Change into passive
1. They will hold the meeting before May Day.
------->The meeting ......will be held before May Day......
2. Somebody has taken some of my books away
--------> Some of my books have been taken by somebody............
3. They have to repair the engine of the car.
-------> The engine of the car ....HAS TO BE REPAIRED.......
4. They may use this room for the classroom.
---------->This room .......MAY BE USED FOR THE CLASSROOM........
5. The teacher is going to tell a story.
------------A story IS GOING TO BE TOLD BY THE TEACHER...........
6. John used to visit his parents at weekends.
----------> His parents ....USED TO BE VISITED BY JOHN AT WEEKENDS.........
7. They use milk for making butter and cheese.
-------->Milk clothing. ..IS USED FOR MAKING BUTTER AND CHEESE..........
8. They have provided the victims with food and clothing
-----> The victims ......HAVE BEEN PROVIDED WITH FOOD AND CLOTHING......
9 . People speak English in most every corner of the world .
------>. English ...IS SPOKEN IN MOST EVERY CORNER OF THE WORLD.........
10. The students are writing the lesons now .
------> The lesson IS BEING WRITTEN BY THE STUDENTS NOW.
11. Her teacher taught her how to apply this theory
------>She .WAS TAUGHT HOW TO APPLY THIS THEORY BY HER TEACHER.............
12. Someone will tell him that news.
------> he ......WILL BE TOLD THAT NEWS BY SOMEONE....
EXERCISE: Complete the sentences with "for" or "since":
1. We haven't heard from them ___FOR______ ages
2. They waited for you _____FOR____ two days
3. They haven't met him ____SINCE_____ he left the room
4. We have bought the new car ___SINCE_____ 1999
5. Haven't you seen him _____SINCE_______ Christmas?
6. It was not rained ____SINCE______ May
7. I haven't written to him _______FOR_ five months.
8. She has spoken to them _____SINCE__ this morning
9. We have listened to music __SINCE______ 8a.m
10. The house been built _____SINCE_____ last year
EXERCISE: Use simple past or present perfect to complete the following sentences:
1. Her English ( improve) ______HAS IMPROVED_____ recently
2. How many pages _____HAVE YOU READ____ you (read) _________ so far?
3. We (finish)____FINISHED____ our homework two hour ago
4. __________ you(be)__________ to Rome? HAVE YOU BEEN
5. I (see)____________ him several times on TV HAVE SEEN
6. What _______you (do)__________ last night? DID YOU DO
7. This is the first time I (visit)______ the city HAVE VISITED
8. They (buy)__________ the garden some days ago. BOUGHT
9. I (learn)________ English since I (be)__________ 11 years old HAVE LEARNT/ WAS
10. Be careful! I (just clean)________ the floor HAVE JUST CLEANED
11. The meal (already be)___HAS ALREADY BEEN____ ready
12. I ( never read)________ an interesting story like this before HAVE NEVER READ
EXERCISE : Rewrite the following sentences with the words given
l. Minh last wrote to his pen al five months ago
-> Minh hasn't WRITTEN TO HIS PENPAL FOR 5 MONTHS.
2. The last time we visited Kuala Lumpur was 3 years ago
-> I haven't VISITED KUALA LUMPUR FOR 3 YEARS.
3. When did you study English?
-> How long HAVE YOU STUDIED ENGLISH ?
4. They began building this house 2 months ago
->They have BUILT THIS HOUSE FOR 2 MONTHS.
5. My father started to work in this factory last week
-> My father has WORKED IN THIS FACTORY SINCE LAST WEEK.
6. How long has he worked in the garden?
->When DID HE BEGIN TO WORK IN THE GARDEN ?
7. How long ago did you learn music?
-> How long have YOU LEARNT MUSIC ?
8. He started living in Ho Chi Minh city when he was 8
-> He has LIVED IN HCM CITY SINCE HE WAS 8.
9. He learnt English when he was 18
-> He has..LEARNT ENGLISH SINCE HE WAS 18.
10. They have worked in that factory for five years
-> They began WORKING IN THAT FACTORY 5 YEARS AGO.
ll. My father stopped smoking two years ago
-> My father hasn't SMOKED FOR 2 YEARS.
12. We have learnt English for four years.
-> We started. LEARNING ENGLISH 4 YEARS AGO.
13 My father started to give up smoking last year
-> My father has GIVEN UP SMOKING SINCE LAST YEAR.
14. They have worked in that factory since 2001
-> They started. WORKING IN THAT FACTORY IN 2001.
15. Lan hasn't written to Maryam for a month.
-> Lan didn't...WRITE TO MARYAM A MONTH AGO...
16. He has lived in Ha Noi since he was 12.
-> He started. LIVING IN HA NOI WHEN HE WAS 12.
17. I haven't met her for a long time.
-> I didn't. MEET HER A LONG TIME AGO.
18. How long have you leamt French ?
-> How long ago DID YOU LEARN FRENCH ?
19. How long have you bought this car -> When did YOU BUY THIS CAR ?
20. When did you start to listen to classical music ?
->How long HAVE YOU LISTENED TO CLASSICAL MUSIC ?
21. I saw her 10 years ago.
-> I haven't SEEN HER FOR 10 YEARS.
EXERCISE : Rewrite the following sentences with the words given
l. Minh last wrote to his pen al five months ago
-> Minh hasn't written to his pen pal for five months
2. The last time we visited Kuala Lumpur was 3 years ago
-> I haven't visited Kuala Lumpur for 3 years
3. When did you study English?
-> How long have you studied English
4. They began building this house 2 months ago
->They have built this house for 2 months
5. My father started to work in this factory last week
-> My father has worked in this factory since last week
6. How long has he worked in the garden?
->When did he work in the garden?
7. How long ago did you learn music?
-> How long have you learnt music ?
8. He started living in Ho Chi Minh city when he was 8
-> He has lived in Ho Chi Minh City since he was 8
9. He learnt English when he was 18
-> He has...learnt English since he was 18
10. They have worked in that factory for five years
-> They began to smoke in that factory five years ago
ll. My father stopped smoking two years ago
-> My father hasn't smoked for two years
12. We have learnt English for four years.
-> We started. to learn English four years ago
13 My father started to give up smoking last year
-> My father has given up smoking since last year
14. They have worked in that factory since 2001
-> They started. to work in that factory in 2001
15. Lan hasn't written to Maryam for a month.
-> Lan didn't...write to Maryam a month ago..
16. He has lived in Ha Noi since he was 12.
-> He started.to live in Ha Noi when he was 12
17. I haven't met her for a long time.
-> I didn't. meet her a long time ago
18. How long have you leamt French ?
-> How long ago did you learn French?
19. How long have you bought this car -> When did you buy this car?
20. When did you start to listen to classical music ?
->How long have you listened to classical music?
21. I saw her 10 years ago.
-> I haven't seen her for 10 years
III / rewrite , using present perfect tense or simple past tense
1. Mrs. Huong began to work here five months ago
-> mrs. Huong has ....WORKED HEARE FOR FIVE MONTHS......
2. The children started learning English in January
-> the children have...LEARNED ENGLISH SINCE JANUARY....
3. We last used this car nearly two years ago.
-> we haven't....USED THIS CAR FOR NEARLY TWO YEARS.....
4. The last time i saw her brother was in 2009
-> i haven't....SEEN HER BROTHER SINCE 2009.....
5. It's many years since he last wore a striped T- shirt
-> he hasn't...WORN A STRIPED T-SHIRT FOR MANY YEARS.......
6. When did you beginto collect stamp ?
-> how long...HAVE YOU COLLECTED STAMP ?...
7. When did Mr. Long buy that house?
-> how long HAS MR LONG BOUGHT THAT HOUSE ?.....
8. She hasn't written to her mother for three years
> she last....WROTE TO HER MOTHER WAS THREE YEARS AGO....
9. They haven't gone out together since 2009
-> the last time....THEY WENT OUT TOGETHER WAS IN 2009...
10. We haven't met our grandparents for a long time
-> it is.....A LONG TIME WE LAST MET EACH OTHER...
11. She has worked as a secretary since 2005
-> she began.....TO WORK AS A SECRECTARY IN 2005....
12. I have never sing this song before
-> this is.....THE FIRST TIME I HAVE SING THIS SONG.
13. Nothing interesting has happened to me for 2 weeks
-> the last time....SOMETHINGS INTERESTING HAPPENED TO ME WAS 2WEEKS AGO...
14. How long is it since you last talked to her ?
-> when was....THE LAST TIME YOU TALKED TO HER ?...
1.I began living in ho chi minh city when I was 8
-->I have LIVED IN HCM CITY SINCE I WAS 8.
2.She has taught the children in this remote village for five months.
-->she started TEACHING CHILDREN IN THIS REMOTE VILLAGE 5 MONTHS AGO.
3.He hasn't written to me since April.
-->the last time HE WROTE TO ME WAS IN APRIL.
4.She hasn't had a swim for five years.
-->she last HAD A SWIM 5 YEARS AGO.
5.They last talked to each other two months ago.
-->They haven't TALKED TO EACH OTHER FOR 2 MONTHS.
6.The last time she saw her elder sister was in 1999
-->She hasn't SEEN HER ELDER SISTER SINCE 1999.
1.I began living in ho chi minh city when I was 8
-->I have lived in Ho Chi Minh city since I was 8.
2.She has taught the children in this remote village for five months.
-->she started teaching the children in this remote village five months ago.
3.He hasn't written to me since April.
-->the last time he wrote to me was April.
4.She hasn't had a swim for five years.
-->she last had a swim five years ago.
5.They last talked to each other two months ago.
-->They haven't talked to each other for two months.
6.The last time she saw her elder sister was in 1999
-->She hasn't seen her elder sister since 1999.
I. Rewrite the second sentences so that they have the same meaning to the first one.
1. He has lived in Hanoi since he was 12
--> He started living Hanoi when he was 12
2. I have not seen her for a long time.
--> It’s a long time since I last saw her.
3. How long have you learnt French?
--> How long have you been learning French?
4.. When did you start to listen to classical music
--> How long have you started listening to classical music?
5. I last saw her 10 years ago
--> I have not seen her for 10 years.
6. How long have you bought this car ?
--> When did you buy this car ?
7. She started teaching the children in this remote village 5 months ago.
--> She has been teaching the children in this remote village for 5 months
8. I began living in this HCMC when I was 8
--> I have been living in this HCMC since I was 8
9. We started cooking for the party four hours ago.
--> We have been cooking for the party for four hours.
10. We began studying English when we were at primary school.
--> We have been studying English since we were at primary school.
II Change into Passive Voice.
1. My father waters this flower every morning.
--> this flower is watered every morning
2. John invited Fiona to his birthday party last night.
--> Fiona was invited to John’s birthday party last night by him
3. Her mother is preparing the dinner in the kitchen.
-> the dinner is being prepared in the kitchen
4. Some drunk drivers caused the accident in this city.
--> the accidents are caused in this city by some drunk drivers
I. Rewrite the second sentences so that they have the same meaning to the first one.
1. He has lived in Hanoi sice he was 12
--> He started living in hanoi when he was 12
2. I havenot seen her for a long time.
-->i didn't see her a long time ago
3. How long heve learnt French?
--> How long ago did you start to learn french?
4. When did you start to listen to classical music
--> How long have you listened to classical music?
5. I last saw her 10 years ago
--> I havenot seen her for 10 years
6. How long have you bought this car ?
--> When did you bought this car?
7. She started teaching the children in this remote village 5 months ago.
--> I have taught the children in this remote village for5 months
8. I began living in this HCMC when I was 8
--> I have lived in HCMC since i was 8
9. We started cooking for the party four hours ago.
--> We have cooked for the party for 4 hours
10. We began studying English when we were at primary school.
--> We have studied English since we were at primary school
II Change into Passive Voice.
1. My father waters this flower every morning.
-->this flower is watered by my father every mornig
2. John invited Fiona to his birthday party last night.
--> fiona was invited to john's birthday party last night
3. Her mother is preparing the dinner in the kitchen.
-->the dinner is being prepared by her mother in the kitchen
4. Some drunk drivers caused the accident in this city.
-->The accident in this city was caused by some drunk drivers
III/ rewrite using present perfect tense
1. She began to learn English 3 years ago
-> she has learnt English for 3 years
2. They started playing tennis when they were 6
-> they have played tennis since they were 6
3. He began to work for this company in 2002
-> my brother has worked for this company since 2002
4. He started collecting stamps 4 months ago
-> he has collected stamps for 4 months
5. The last time i saw him was 2 weeks ago
-> i haven't seen him for 2 weeks
6. The last time he visited Hue was 4 years ago
-> he hasn't visited Hue for 4 years
7. We last ate in that restaurant in January
-> we haven't eaten in that restaurant since January
8. She last came here 3 months ago
-> she hasn't come here for 3 months
9. It is a long time since i last wrote to her
-> i haven't written to her for a long time
10. It is many years since we last met out uncle
-> we haven't met our uncle for many years
11. She last wore this dress at her 14th birthday
-> she hasn't worn this dress since her 14th birthday
12. Alex began to learn Vietnamese last months
-> alex has learnt Vietnamese since last month
13. She last wrote to me 5 months ago
-> she hasn't written to me for 5 months
14. It is over 10 years since we visited Paris
-> we haven't visited Paris for over 10 years
15. The last time i went finishing was in 2004
-> i haven't gone finishing since 2004
Chuyển sang bị động
1. Ann had fed the cats befor she went to the cinema
=> the cats were fed by Ann before she went to the cinema.
2. The students have discussed the pollution problrms sincd last week
=>The pollution problems have been discussed by the students last week
3. Have the thieves stolen the most valuable painting in the national museum?
=>Have the most valuable paiting been stolen by the thieves in the national museum?
4. Some people will interview the new president on TV.
=>The new president will be interviewed on TV
5. Are you going to repair those shoes?
=>Are those shoes going to be prepared by you?
6.He has broken his nose in a football match
=>His nose has been broken in a football match by him.
7. Have you finished the above sentences?
=>Have the above sentences been finished by you?
8. The waiter brings me this dish
=>This dish is brought to me by the waiter.
9. Our friends send these postcards to us
=>These postcards are sent to us by our friend.
10.Their grandmother told them this story when they visited her last week
=>This story was told to them by their grandmother when they visited her last week
11. Tim ordered this train ticket for his mother
=>This train ticket was ordered for Tim’s mother.
12. You didn't show me the special camaras
=>The special cameras weren’t showed to me.
13. She showed her ticket to the the airline agent
=>Her ticket was showed to the airline agent by her.
14. He lends his friend his new shoes
=>His new shoes are lent to his friends by him .
15. She left her relatives five milion pounds
=>Five million pounds was left to her relatives by her.
16. The shop assistant handed these boxes t the customer
=> These boxes were handed to the customer by the shop assistant.
17. The board awarded the first prize to the reporter
=>The first prize was awarded to the reporter by the board.
18. Alice didn't make that cake
=>That cake wasn't made by Alice
19. They buy newspapers everywhere in the city
=>Newspapers are bought everywhere in the city.
20. That company will publish a texbook next year
=>A textbook will be published next year.
21. The committee appointed Alice secretary for the meeting
=>Alice secretary was appointed for the meeting by the committee.
22. He hides the broken cup in the drawer
=>The broken cup is hidden in the drawer.
17. She began to study English in 2005.
-> She has studied English since 2005.
18. She hasn't written to me for 5 months.
-> The last time she wrote to me was 5 months ago.
-> It's 5 months since she last wrote to me.
19. I have never met her before.
-> This is the first time I have ever met her.
20. Nobody sells this style of jeans here.
-> This style of jeans isn't sold here.
21. Somebody calls the president every morning.
->The president is called every morning.
22. They were painting the gate when we came.
-> The gate was being painted when we came
25. Does the teacher explain the lessons every day?
-> Are the lessons explained by the teacher every day?
26. They have to pay the bill before Monday.
-> The bill has to be paid before Monday.