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IF
1.she will fail in the examination because she is very lazy
-> If she weren't lazy, she wouldn't fail in the examination.
2. We don't have holiday because we haven't got any money
-> If we had got enough money, we would have a holiday.
3. I don,t know the answer so I can't tell you
-> If I knew the answer, I could tell you.
4. the little boy couldn't eat the cake because it was very hot
-> If the cake hadn't been hot, the little boy could have eaten it.
1. If I had money I'd buy you a drink
-She said to me she would have bought me a drink if she had had money.
2. If I catch he plane I'll be home buy five
-He said if he catched the plane he would be home by five.
3.You should stay in bed if you feel unwell
-my moher said I should stay in bed if I felt unwell.
4. If I'd had my mobile yesterday Icould have contacted you
- Tom said he could have contacted me if he had had his mobile the day before.
5. If I were you I'd stop smoking
she said to her brother she would stopped smoking if she had been him.
1.Do you know where my tennis racket ,mum?
=> She asked Mum if she knew where her tennis racket.
2.Our house is going to be painted by a firm.
=>We are going to have our house painted by a firm.
3. I'm really sorry I didn't invite her to the party.
=>I really wish I had invited her to the party.
4. we couldn't drive because of the fog.
=> The fog prevented us from driving .
5.I would love to be rich and famous.
=> If only I were rich and famous.
6.I haven't been to see them for over a year.
=> It's over a year since I saw them..
7. Although he was not guilty, they executed him
=> In spite of his not being guilty, they excuted him
.8 He shouldn't ask for a pay rise anymore.
=> If I were he, I wouldn't ask for a pay rise anymore
9. If he comes, tell him I'll be late
=>Should he come, tell him I'll be late.
10. We didn't go to the concert last night because of business
=> If it had not been for business,we would have gone to the concert last night.
11. The foreigner spoke too fast for us to understand.
=> If The foreigner hadn't spoken too fast ,we would have understood.
12 .She doesn't speak English well enough to get the job.
=> If she spoke English well, She coud get the job.
13 .Thanks to computer, it takes me a little time to do the work.
=> Without computer, I wouldn't have done the work
14 Without your help, I couldn't have finished the report on time
=> If you hadn't helped me, I couldn't have finished the report on time.
15 I dislike it when people criticize me unfairly.
=> I object to being criticized unfairly.
16 If only I had studied hard enough to pass the exam.
=> He regretted not having hard enough to pass the exam.
17 The heavy rain made it impossible for us to have our picnic.
=> We were unable to have our picnic because of the heavy rain.
18 " I'll have enough for a ticket if he pays me, tonight" She said
=> She said that she would have enough for a ticket if he pays her that night
19 " I'd phone her before I come if I were in your position?''
=> He said If he were in my position, He woud phone her before I came.
20 The secretary said " Sorry I never work on Sunday"
=>The secretary sorried for not working on Sunday
21 "I will bring you some food" He said to me
=> He said to me that he would bring me some food.
22" What a beautiful dress you have, mary" Peter said
=> Peter paid Mary a compliment on her (beautiful) dress.
23 " I wished I hadn't lent him some money"
=>Peter regretted having lent him some money.
24 " You've just got a promotion, haven't you. Congratulations"
=>Peter congratulated me on getting a promotion.
.25 You can avoid tooth decay by brushing your teeth regularly.
=>Brushing your teeth regularly can prevent you from tooth decay
26 We don't visit our parents very often because thay live so far away.
=>If our parents didn't live so far away, we would visit them very often.
27 The cat doesn't run fast enough to catch the mouse.
=>If The cat ran fast enough, it could catch the mouse.
28.You must stop smoking or you'll have a cough
=> Unless you stop smoking,you will have a cough.
29 You'll have an accident if you don't driver more carefully.
=>Unless you drive more carefully, you will have an accident.
30 You can have a good time by joining us
=>If you join us, you can have a good time.
31 Hurry up or you'll miss the 1st bus to work.
=> Unless you hurry up, you will miss the 1 st to work.
32 If you don't pay me back the money you take, i will tell the police.
=>Pay me back the money you take or I will tell the police
1. He lost his money simply because he wasn't careful. (If)
=> If he hadn't been careless , he woundn't have lost his money
2. He didn't hurry, so he missed the train. (If)
=> If he had hurried, he could have caught the train.
3. We didn't go because it rained. (If it hadn't)
=> If it hadn't rained we would have gone
4. Without this treatment, the patient would have died. (If he)
=> If it hadn’t been for this treatment, the patient would have died.
5. Mr.Mills lost his job because he was late every day. ( If Mr.Mills)
=> If Mr Mills hadn't been late everyday ,he wouldn't have lost his job
6. We didn't go on holiday because we didn't have enough money. (If we)
=> . If we had had enough money we would have gone on holiday.
1. He lost his money simply because he wasn't careful. (If)
=>if he had been cafeful, he would not have lost his money
2. He didn't hurry, so he missed the train. (If)
=>If he had hurried, he would have missed.
3. We didn't go because it raines. (If it hadn't)
=>If it hadn't rained, we would have gone.
4. Without this treatment, the patient would have died. (If he)
=>If he hadn't been for this treatment, the patient would have died
5. Mr.Mills lost his job because he was late every day. ( If Mr.Mills)
=>If Mr.Mills losts his job ,he lates every day
6. We didn't go on holiday because we didn't have enough money. (If we)
=> If we had had enough money, we would have gone holiday
7. I was sick yesterday, so I didn't go to class (If)
=>If I am sick, I don't go to school
8. Because Alan never eats breakfast, he always overeats at lunch (If)
=>If Alan never eats breakfast, he always overeats at lunch
9.Fred wouldn't do that if he didn't have your permission (Unless)
=>Unless Fred had your permission, he wouldn't for that
10. If no more guests come, there will be enough food for everyone. (Unless)
=>Unless no more guests come, there will not be enough food for everyone
1. It rained heanily yesterday so we couldn't play football
=> We couldn't play football because it rained heavily yesterday.
2. I won't buy this bike because i dont't have enough money
=> I don't have enough money so I won't buy this bike.
3. Study hander or you will fail the final exam
=> If you study harded, you will not fail the final exam.
4. They don't visit me because he didn't know i was will
=> He didn't know I was ill so they don't visit me.
5. I didn't go to the party because i had a cold
=> I had a cold so I didn't go to the party.
Rewrite these sentences using an if construction
1. I did't see the signal so Idid't stop
=> If I had seen the signal, I would have stopped.
2.she did't know you were in hospital so she didn't visit you
=> If she had known you were in hospital, she would have visited you.
3. I did't know your number so I didn't ring
=> If I had known your number, I would have rung.
4.We only came by bus because there were no taxis
=> If there had been some taxis, we wouldn't have come by bus.
5.She didn't speak to him possible because she was so shy
=> If she hadn't been so shy, she would have spoken to him.
6. Landlord: She threatened to set fire to her flat ; that's the only reason I askeed her to leave
=> If she hadn't threatened him, he wouldn't have asked her to leave.
7' we đin't visit the musrum because we hadn't time
=> If we had time, we would have visited the museum.
8.I only came up the stairs because the lift wasn't working
=> If the lift had been working, I wouldn't come up the stairs.
9.We didn't listen carefully; perhaps that's why we made this mistake
=> If we had listened carefully, we wouldn't have made this mistake.
10'We got a lift so we reached the station in time
=> If we hadn't got a lift, we wouldn't have reached the station in time.
11 You washed it in boiling water that's why it shrank
=> If you hadn't washed it in boiling water, it wouldn't have shrunk.
12. We missted the train because we were using an out -of- date timetable
=> If we hadn't used an out of date timetable, we wouldn't have missed the train.
13His own men deserted him; that's the only reason why he failed
=> If his own men hadn't deserted him, he wouldn't have failed.
14 They were driving very quickly .That's why the accident was so terrible ư
=> If they hadn't driven very quickly, the accident wouldn't have been so terrible.
15 it was raining .That the only reason I didn't take the children to the beach
=> If it hadn't rained, I would have taken the children to the beach.
16 When I bought this house I didn't realize that in summer planes skimmed the roof very five minutes
=> If I had realized that in summer planes skimmed the roof every five minutes, I wouldn't have bought it.
17 Tom's father was on the Board'That 's the only reason he got the job
=> If Tom's father hadn't been on the board, he wouldn't have got the job.
18 He wasn't looking where he was going ,That's why he was run over
=> If he hadn't looked where he was going, he wouldn't have run over.
19 I don't like country life perhaps because I wasn't brought up in the country
=> If I had been brought up in the country, I would have liked it.
20 I didn't know he was so quarrelsome '.I'm sorry now that I invited him
=> If I had known he was so quarrelsome, I wouldn't have invited him.
Rewrite these sentences using an if construction
1. I did't see the signal so Idid't stop
=> If I had seen the singnal , I would have stopped
2.she did't know you were in hospital so she didn't visit you
=> If she had known you were in hospital, she would have visited you
3. I did't know your number so I didn't ring
=> if I had known your number , I would have rung
4.We only came by bus because there were no taxis
=> If there had been some taxis, We wouldn't have came by bus
5.She didn't speak to him possible because she was so shy
=> if she hadn't been so shy, she would have speaken to him pissible
6. Landlord: She threatened to set fire to her flat ; that's the only reason I askeed her to leave
7' we đin't visit the musrum because we hadn't time
=> If we had had time, we would have visited the musrum
8.I only came up the stairs because the lift wasn't working
=>If the lift had been working, I would have come up the stairs
9.We didn't listen carefully; perhaps that's why we made this mistake
10'We got a lift so we reached the station in time
=> If we had got a lift , we would have reached the station in time
11 You washed it in boiling water that's why it shrank
12. We missted the train because we were using an out -of- date timetable
13His own men deserted him; that's the only reason why he failed
14 They were driving very quickly .That's why the accident was so terrible ư
15 it was raining .That the only reason I didn't take the children to the beach
=> If it hadn't been raining I would have taken the childran to the beach
16 When I bought this house I didn't realize that in summer planes skimmed the roof very five minutes
=> If I had readlized that in summer planes skimmed the roof very five minutes, I would have bouht this house
17 Tom's father was on the Board'That 's the only reason he got the job
=>If tom's father had been on the board, he would have got the job
18 He wasn't looking where he was going ,That's why he was run over
=> If he hadn't run over, he would have been looing where he was going
19 I don't like country life perhaps because I wasn't brought up in the country
=>If I had brought up in the country, I would have liked coutry lifre perhaps
20 I didn't know he was so quarrelsome '.I'm sorry now that I invited him
=> If I had known ha was so quarrelsome, I would have visited him
Complete the sentences with the verbs in parentheses
1. he'll be late for the bus if he ( not start) doesn't start at once
2. jim isn't at home right now. if he( be) were at home, i (visit) would visit him
4. fred failed the test because he didn't study. however, if he (study) had studied for the test, he (pass) would have passed it
5. if i (know) had known that there was a test yesterday, i (study) would have studied
6. if you have enough time, please (paint) paint the chair before you leave
7. i (accept) will accept if they invite me to the party
8. had we know your address, we ( write) would have written you a letter
9. if you(do) had done as i told you, you ( succeed) would have succeeded
10. if you come here in spring, you ( have) will have a chance to go to the village fair
11. i could understad the frech teacher if she ( speak) spoke more slowly
12. we could go for a drive if today (be) were sunday
13. if your mother ( buy) buys that motorcycle for you, will you be happy?
14. if i (see) had seen the movie last night, i (tell) would have told you about it
15. i will ring the bell once more. if he doesn't answer, i think he ( must go) must have gone out
16. if i make a prmise, i (keep) will keep it
17. he described the accident as if he ( see) had seen it himself
18. we're going to play tennis this afternoon if it (stop) stops raining
19. if i had asked you, would you (accept) have accepted?
20. if he (come) comes, please ( tell) tell me
21. you were late last night. if you (arrive) had arrived ten minutes earlier you (get) would have got a seat
22. if i (realize) had realized that the traffic light were red. i(stop) would have stopped
23. She won’t open the door unless she (know) knows who it is.
24.I (not lend) wouldn't have lent him the money if you (tell) told me that he never paid his debts
25.If I (can) could speak two languages last year, i (get) would have got a good job
26.If there (be) were no sunshine, we would all (die) die soon
27. You shouldn't believe it if you (not see) didn't see it with you own eyes
28. I (not do) wouldn't do that if I (be) were you
Rewrite sentences
1.I don't ride the bus to school every morning because it's always so crowded (If)
=> I would take the bus to school every morning if it weren't always so crowded.
2.The schoolchildren sowed some seeds, but they forgot to water them so they didn't grow (If)
=> If the schoolchildren hadn't forgotten to water the seeds, they would have grown.
3.Stop talking or you won't understand the lesson (If)
=> If you don't stop talking, you won't understand the lesson.
4.The wind is blowing hard, so we won't take the boat out for a ride (If)
=> If the wind weren't blowing hard, we would take the boat out for a ride.
5.Carol didn't answer the phone because she was studying (If)
=> If Carol hadn't been studying she would have answered the phone.
6.I feel better now because you talked to me about my problems yesterday (If)
=> I wouldn't feel better now if you hadn't talked to me about my problems yesterday.
7.Because I don't have enough free time,I can't help my mother with the housework(If)
=> If I had more free time I could help my mother with the housework.
8.Rita is exhausted today because she didn't get any last night (If)
=> Rita wouldn't be exhausted today if she had gotten some sleep last night.
9.I didn't prepare for today's lesson: So it is difficult for me to understand the teacher's explanation (If)
=> It wouldn't be difficult for me to understand the teacher's explanation if I had prepared for today's lesson.
10.'If I had any money I'd buy you a drink,' she said to me (reported speech)
=> She told me if she had had some money she would have bought me a drink.
11.'If I catch the plane I'll be home by five,'he said(reported speech)
=> He said if he caught the plane he would be home by five.
12.'You should stay in bed if you feel unwell,'my mother said (reported speech)
=> My mother advised me to stay in bed if I felt unwell.
13.'What would you do if you were having a problem with grammar,Jane?' Anne asked (reported speech)
=> Anne asked Jane what she would do if she were having a problem with grammar.
14.'I'd have been in bad trouble if Jane hadn't helped me,' he said (reported speech)
=> He said he would have been in bad trouble if Jane hadn't helped him.
15.I met her during my stay in Parist last summer (while)
=> While I was on holiday in Paris last summer, I met her.
16.MacKenzie wrote four best-sellers before he was twenty (By the age)
=> By the age of twenty, MacKenzie had written four best sellers.
17.He was crossing the road.I caught sight of him
=> I noticed him crossing the road.
18.Jimmy got into his car and drove away.I saw this
=> I saw Jim getting into his car and drove away.
19.They had a good meal and then went to dance
=> After they had had a good meal, they went to dance.
1. We missed the bus because we got up late.
Had we..............................................not got up late, we wouldn't have
missed the bus
............................................................................
2. I didn’t have enough money, so I couldn’t buy the novel.
Had I .................................... had money, i could have bought the novel
.....................................................................................
3. My father isn’t here, therefore he can’t give us some advice.
Were my father …................................. here, he could give us some advice............................................................
4. If you don’t work harder, you will be sacked
Should.. ...............................I work harder, you won't be sacked ..................................................................................
5. He was driving very fast because he didn’t know the road was bad.
If he …....................................had known the road was bad, he wouldn't have driven very fast ..............................................................................