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2) a) \(P=3x^2+y^2-8x+2xy+16\)
\(P=\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)+2\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+8\)
\(P=\left(x+y\right)^2+2\left(x-2\right)^2+8\ge8\forall x;y\)
\(\Rightarrow\) GTNN của P là 8 khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+y\right)^2=0\\\left(x-2\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=0\\x-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=-x\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\) vậy GTNN của P là 8 khi \(x=2;y=-2\)
b) \(Q=x^2+2y^2-2xy-4y+2017\)
\(Q=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(y^2-4y+4\right)+2013\)
\(Q=\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2+2013\ge2013\forall x;y\)
\(\Rightarrow\) GTNN của Q là 2013 khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-y\right)^2=0\\\left(y-2\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y=0\\y-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=2\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\) vậy GTNN của Q là 2013 khi \(x=y=2\)
c) \(M=2x^2+y^2-2xy-2x+2016\)
\(M=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+2015\)
\(M=\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)^2+2015\ge2015\forall x;y\)
\(\Rightarrow\) GTNN của M là 2015 khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-y\right)^2=0\\\left(x-1\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y=0\\x-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\x=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\) vậy GTNN của M là 2015 khi \(x=y=1\)
\(K=-3x^2-y^2+8x-2xy+2\)
\(=\left(-2x^2+8x-8\right)+\left(-x^2-2xy-y^2\right)+10\)
\(=-2\left(x^2-4x+4\right)-\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)+10\)
\(=-2\left(x-2\right)^2-\left(x+y\right)^2+10\ge10\)
Xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-2\left(x-2\right)^2=0\\-\left(x+y\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2=0\\x=-y\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 1 :
A + B = 4x2 - 5xy + 3y2 + 3x2 + 2xy - y2
= ( 4x2 + 3x2 ) - ( 5xy - 2xy ) + ( 3y2 - y2 )
= 7x2 - 3xy + 2y2
A - B = 4x2 - 5xy + 3y2 - ( 3x2 + 2xy - y2 )
= 4x2 - 5xy + 3y2 - 3x2 - 2xy + y2
= ( 4x2 - 3x2 ) - ( 5xy + 2xy ) + ( 3y2 + y2 )
= x2 - 7xy + 4y2
Bài 2 :
a) M + (5x2 - 2xy) = 6x2 + 9xy - y2
M = 6x2 + 9xy - y2 - (5x2 - 2xy)
M = 6x2 + 9xy - y2 - 5x2 + 2xy
M = ( 6x2 - 5x2 ) + ( 9xy + 2xy ) - y2
M = x2 + 11xy - y2
Vậy M = x2 + 11xy - y2
b) (3xy - 4y2) - N = x2 - 7xy + 8y2
N = 3xy - 4y2 - x2 - 7xy + 8y2
N = ( 3xy - 7xy ) - ( 4y2 - 8y2 ) - x2
N = -4xy + 4y2 - x2
Vậy N = -4xy + 4y2 - x2
3, Cho đa thức
A(x)+B(x) = (3x4-\(\dfrac{3}{4}\)x3+2x2-3)+(8x4+\(\dfrac{1}{5}\)x3-9x+\(\dfrac{2}{5}\))
= 3x4-\(\dfrac{3}{4}\)x3+2x2-3+8x4+\(\dfrac{1}{5}\)x3-9x+\(\dfrac{2}{5}\)
= (3x4+8x4)+(-3/4x3+1/5x3)+(-3+2/5)+2x2-9x
= 11x4 -0.55x3-2.6+2x2-9x
A(x)-B(x)=(3x4-\(\dfrac{3}{4}\)x3+2x2-3)-(8x4+\(\dfrac{1}{5}\)x3-9x+\(\dfrac{2}{5}\))
= 3x4-\(\dfrac{3}{4}\)x3+2x2-3-8x4-\(\dfrac{1}{5}\)x3+9x-\(\dfrac{2}{5}\)
= (3x4-8x4)+(-3/4x3-1/5x3)+(-3-2/5)+2x2+9x
= -5x4-0.95x3-3.4+2x2+9x
B(x)-A(x)=(8x4+\(\dfrac{1}{5}\)x3-9x+\(\dfrac{2}{5}\))-(3x4-\(\dfrac{3}{4}\)x3+2x2-3)
=8x4+\(\dfrac{1}{5}\)x3-9x+\(\dfrac{2}{5}\)-3x4+\(\dfrac{3}{4}\)x3-2x2+3
=(8x4-3x4)+(1/5x3+3/4x3)+(2/5+3)-9x-2x2
= 5x4+0.95x3+2.6-9x-2x2
I . Trắc Nghiệm
1B . 2D . 3C . 5A
II . Tự luận
2,a,Ta có: A+(x\(^2\)y-2xy\(^2\)+5xy+1)=-2x\(^2\)y+xy\(^2\)-xy-1
\(\Leftrightarrow\) A=(-2x\(^2\)y+xy\(^2\)-xy-1) - (x\(^2\)y-2xy\(^2\)+5xy+1)
=-2x\(^2\)y+xy\(^2\)-xy-1 - x\(^2\)y+2xy\(^2\)-5xy-1
=(-2x\(^2\)y - x\(^2\)y) + (xy\(^2\)+ 2xy\(^2\)) + (-xy - 5xy ) + (-1 - 1)
= -3x\(^2\)y + 3xy\(^2\) - 6xy - 2
b, thay x=1,y=2 vào đa thức A
Ta có A= -3x\(^2\)y + 3xy\(^2\) - 6xy - 2
= -3 . 1\(^2\) . 2 + 3 .1 . 2\(^2\) - 6 . 1 . 2 -2
= -6 + 12 - 12 - 2
= -8
3,Sắp xếp
f(x) =9-x\(^5\)+4x-2x\(^3\)+x\(^2\)-7x\(^4\)
=9-x\(^5\)-7x\(^4\)-2x\(^3\)+x\(^2\)+4x
g(x) = x\(^5\)-9+2x\(^2\)+7x\(^4\)+2x\(^3\)-3x
=-9+x\(^5\)+7x\(^4\)+2x\(^3\)+2x\(^2\)-3x
b,f(x) + g(x)=(9-x\(^5\)-7x\(^4\)-2x\(^3\)+x\(^2\)+4x) + (-9+x\(^5\)+7x\(^4\)+2x\(^3\)+2x\(^2\)-3x)
=9-x\(^5\)-7x\(^4\)-2x\(^3\)+x\(^2\)+4x-9+x\(^5\)+7x\(^4\)+2x\(^3\)+2x\(^2\)-3x
=(9-9)+(-x\(^5\)+x\(^5\))+(-7x\(^4\)+7x\(^4\))+(-2x\(^3\)+2x\(^3\))+(x\(^2\)+2x\(^2\))+(4x-3x)
= 3x\(^2\) + x
g(x)-f(x)=(-9+x\(^5\)+7x\(^4\)+2x\(^3\)+2x\(^2\)-3x) - (9-x\(^5\)-7x\(^4\)-2x\(^3\)+x\(^2\)+4x)
=-9+x\(^5\)+7x\(^4\)+2x\(^3\)+2x\(^2\)-3x-9+x\(^5\)+7x\(^4\)+2x \(^3\)-x\(^2\)-4x
=(-9-9)+(x\(^5\)+x\(^5\))+(7x\(^4\)+7x\(^4\))+(2x\(^3\)+2x\(^3\))+(2x\(^2\)-x\(^2\))+(3x-4x)
= -18 + 2x\(^5\) + 14x\(^4\) + 4x\(^3\) + x\(^2\) - x
a: \(P=-5x^3+6x^2-2x\)
\(=-5\cdot\left(-1\right)^3+6\cdot\left(-1\right)^2-2\cdot\left(-1\right)\)
\(=-5\cdot\left(-1\right)+6+2=5+6+2=13\)
b: \(Q=-2\cdot\left(-\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^2\cdot\dfrac{11}{4}+4\cdot\dfrac{11}{4}+11\cdot\dfrac{1}{9}\cdot\dfrac{11}{4}\)
\(=-\dfrac{11}{2}\cdot\dfrac{1}{9}+11+\dfrac{121}{36}=\dfrac{55}{4}\)
\(F=-x^2-y^2+2x-2y\\ F=-\left(x^2-2x+1\right)-\left(y^2+2y+1\right)+2\\ F=-\left(x-1\right)^2-\left(y+1\right)^2+2\le2\)
đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\y+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
vậy GTLN của F là 2 tại \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
bạn giúp mình câu b) luôn được k ??