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A = \(\frac{\frac{3}{4}-\frac{3}{11}+\frac{3}{13}}{\frac{5}{4}-\frac{5}{11}+\frac{5}{13}}+\frac{\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}}{\frac{5}{4}-\frac{5}{6}+\frac{5}{8}}\)
\(=\frac{3.\left(\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{11}+\frac{1}{13}\right)}{5.\left(\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{11}+\frac{1}{13}\right)}+\frac{\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}}{\frac{5}{2}.\left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}\right)}\)
\(=\frac{3}{5}+\frac{1}{\frac{5}{2}}\)
\(=\frac{3}{5}+\frac{2}{5}=1\)
b) B = \(\frac{2^{12}.3^5-4^6.9^2}{\left(2^2.3\right)^6.8^4.3^5}-\frac{5^{10}.7^3:25^5.49}{\left(125.7\right)^3+5^9.14^3}\)
\(=\frac{2^{12}.3^5-\left(2^2\right)^6.\left(3^2\right)^2}{2^{12}.3^6+\left(2^3\right)^4.3^5}-\frac{5^{10}.7^3-\left(5^2\right)^5.7^2}{\left(5^3\right)^3.7^3+5^9.\left(7.2\right)^3}\)
\(=\frac{2^{12}.3^5-2^{12}.3^4}{2^{12}.3^6+2^{12}.3^5}-\frac{5^{10}.7^3-5^{10}-7^2}{5^9.7^3+5^9.7^3.2^3}\)
\(=\frac{2^{12}.3^4.\left(3-1\right)}{2^{12}.3^5\left(3+1\right)}-\frac{5^{10}.7^2.\left(7-1\right)}{5^9.7^3\left(1+2^3\right)}\)
\(=\frac{1}{3.2}-\frac{5.2}{7.3}\)
\(=\frac{7}{3.2.7}-\frac{5.2.2}{7.3.2}\)
\(=\frac{7}{42}-\frac{20}{42}\)
\(=-\frac{13}{42}\)
\(A=\frac{1}{3\cdot5}+\frac{1}{5\cdot7}+\frac{1}{7\cdot9}+...+\frac{1}{97\cdot99}-\frac{5}{4}\cdot\frac{13}{99}+\frac{5}{99}\cdot\frac{1}{4}\)
\(A=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{2}{3\cdot5}+\frac{2}{5\cdot7}+...+\frac{2}{97\cdot99}\right)-\frac{13}{4}\cdot\frac{5}{99}+\frac{5}{99}\cdot\frac{1}{4}\)
\(A=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{7}+...+\frac{1}{97}-\frac{1}{99}\right)-\frac{5}{99}\cdot\left(\frac{13}{4}-\frac{1}{4}\right)\)
\(A=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{99}\right)-\frac{5}{99}\cdot3\)
\(A=\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{32}{99}-\frac{5}{33}\)
\(A=\frac{16}{99}-\frac{5}{33}=\frac{1}{99}\)
\(\frac{10^{2016}+2^3}{9}=\frac{10^{2016}-1}{9}+\frac{2^3+1}{9}=\left(1+10+10^2+...+10^{2015}\right)+1\in N.\)
b) \(\frac{\frac{-6}{5}+\frac{6}{19}-\frac{6}{23}}{\frac{9}{5}-\frac{9}{19}+\frac{9}{23}}=\frac{\left(-6\right).\left(\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{19}+\frac{1}{23}\right)}{9.\left(\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{19}+\frac{1}{23}\right)}=\frac{-6}{9}=\frac{-2}{3}\)
d) \(\frac{\frac{2}{3}-\frac{2}{5}-\frac{2}{7}+\frac{2}{11}}{\frac{13}{3}-\frac{13}{5}-\frac{13}{7}+\frac{13}{11}}=\frac{2\left(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{7}+\frac{1}{11}\right)}{13\left(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{7}+\frac{1}{11}\right)}=\frac{2}{13}\)
Làm tiếp:
\(=\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+.....+\frac{1}{2017}\right)-\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+....+\frac{1}{1008}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{1009}+\frac{1}{1010}+.........+\frac{1}{2017}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{\frac{1}{1009}+....+\frac{1}{2017}}{1-\frac{1}{2}+.....+\frac{1}{2015}-\frac{1}{2016}+\frac{1}{2017}}=1\)
Bài 2:
Đặt \(A=\frac{1}{2^2}+.......+\frac{1}{2^{800}}\)
\(4A=1+\frac{1}{2^2}+.....+\frac{1}{2^{798}}\)
\(\Rightarrow4A-A=1-\frac{1}{2^{800}}\)
\(\Rightarrow3A=1-\frac{1}{2^{800}}< 1\Rightarrow A< \frac{1}{3}\)
Vậy \(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^4}+........+\frac{1}{2^{800}}< \frac{1}{3}\)
Bài 1:Tính
a, Xét biểu thức \(\frac{\left(1+\frac{n}{1}\right)\left(1+\frac{n}{2}\right).........\left(1+\frac{n}{n+2}\right)}{\left(1+\frac{n+2}{1}\right)\left(1+\frac{n+2}{2}\right)..........\left(1+\frac{n+2}{n}\right)}\) với\(n\in N\)
Ta có:\(\frac{\left(1+\frac{n}{1}\right)\left(1+\frac{n}{2}\right).......\left(1+\frac{n}{n+2}\right)}{\left(1+\frac{n+2}{1}\right)\left(1+\frac{n+2}{2}\right)......\left(1+\frac{n+2}{n}\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\frac{n+1}{1}.\frac{n+2}{2}........\frac{2n+2}{n+2}}{\frac{n+3}{1}.\frac{n+4}{2}.........\frac{2n+2}{n}}\)
\(=\frac{\frac{\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right).......\left(2n+2\right)}{1.2.3.........\left(n+2\right)}}{\frac{\left(n+3\right)\left(n+4\right)........\left(2n+2\right)}{1.2.3.........n}}\)
\(=\frac{\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right).......\left(2n+2\right).1.2.3.......n}{\left(n+3\right)\left(n+4\right)........\left(2n+2\right).1.2.3......\left(n+2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)}{\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)}=1\)
Áp dụng vào bài toán ta có đáp số là:1
b, \(\frac{\frac{-6}{5}+\frac{6}{19}-\frac{6}{23}}{\frac{9}{5}-\frac{9}{19}+\frac{9}{23}}=\frac{\left(-6\right).\left(\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{19}+\frac{1}{23}\right)}{9.\left(\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{19}+\frac{1}{23}\right)}=\frac{-6}{9}=-\frac{2}{3}\)
c,\(\frac{\frac{1}{6}-\frac{1}{39}+\frac{1}{51}}{\frac{1}{8}-\frac{1}{52}+\frac{1}{68}}=\frac{\frac{1}{3}.\left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{13}+\frac{1}{17}\right)}{\frac{1}{4}.\left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{13}+\frac{1}{17}\right)}=\frac{\frac{1}{3}}{\frac{1}{4}}=12\)
d,\(\frac{\frac{2}{3}-\frac{2}{5}-\frac{2}{7}}{\frac{13}{3}-\frac{13}{5}-\frac{13}{7}}=\frac{2\left(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{7}\right)}{13\left(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{7}\right)}=\frac{2}{13}\)
e,Xét mẫu số ta có:
\(1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+..........+\frac{1}{2015}-\frac{1}{2016}+\frac{1}{2017}\)
\(=1+\frac{1}{2}-2.\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}-2.\frac{1}{4}+.....+\frac{1}{2015}+\frac{1}{2016}-2.\frac{1}{2016}+\frac{1}{2017}\)
\(=\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+.......+\frac{1}{2017}\right)-2.\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+.........+\frac{1}{2016}\right)\)
Ta có :
\(M=2^{2017}-\left(2^{2016}+2^{2017}+...............+2+1\right)\)
Đặt :
\(A=2^{2016}+2^{2015}+................+2+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2A=2^{2017}+2^{2016}+2^{2015}+............+2^2+2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2A-A=\left(2^{2017}+2^{2016}+........+2\right)-\left(2^{2016}+2^{2015}+..........+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=2^{2017}-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow M=2^{2017}-A\)
\(\Leftrightarrow M=2^{2017}-\left(2^{2017}-1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow M=2^{2017}-2^{2017}+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow M=0+1=1\)
\(M=2^{2017}-\left(2^{2016}+2^{2015}+...+2^1+2^0\right)\)
Đặt :
\(S=2^{2016}+2^{2015}+...+2^1+2^0\)
\(\Rightarrow S=2^0+2^1+...+2^{2015}+2^{2016}\)
\(\Rightarrow2S=2\left(2^0+2^1+...+2^{2015}+2^{2016}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow2S=2^1+2^2+...+2^{2016}+2^{2017}\)
\(\Rightarrow2S-S=\left(2^1+2^2+...+2^{2016}+2^{2017}\right)-\left(2^0+2^1+...+2^{2015}+2^{2016}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow S=2^{2017}-1\)
Thay S vào M ta có:
\(M=2^{2017}-\left(2^{2017}-1\right)\)
\(M=2^{2017}-2^{2017}+1=1\)
Đặt:
\(\dfrac{a}{2015}=\dfrac{b}{2016}=\dfrac{c}{2017}=k\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=2015k\\b=2016k\\c=2017k\end{matrix}\right.\)
Nên \(4\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)=4\left(2015k-2016k\right)\left(2016k-2017k\right)=4.\left(-k\right).\left(-k\right)=4k^2\)\(\left(c-a\right)^2=\left(2017k-2015k\right)^2=4k^2\)
Ta c dpcm
Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{2015}=\dfrac{b}{2016}=\dfrac{c}{2017}\)= k
\(\Rightarrow\) a = 2015 . k
b = 2016 . k
c = 2017 . k
\(\Rightarrow\) 4( a - b ) . ( b - c) = 4( 2015.k - 2016.k) .( 2016.k - 2017.k )
= 4( -k) (-k) = 4k2 (1)
( c - a)2 =( 2017.k -2015.k)2= (2k)2= 4k2(2)
Từ (1) và ( 2) \(\Rightarrow\)4( a - b).( b - c ) = (c - a )2