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\(P=x^3\left(z-y^2\right)+y^3\left(x-z^2\right)+z^3\left(y-x^2\right)+xyz\left(xyz-1\right)\)
\(P=\left(-x^3\left(y^2-z\right)\right)+xy^3-y^3z^2+yz^3-x^2z^3+x^2y^2z^2-xyz\)
\(P=\left(-x^3\left(y^2-z\right)\right)+\left(xy^3-xyz\right)-\left(y^3z^2-yz^3\right)+\left(x^2y^2z^2-x^2z^3\right)\)
\(P=\left(-x^3\left(y^2-z\right)\right)+\left(xy\left(y^2-z\right)\right)-\left(yz^2\left(y^2-z\right)\right)+\left(x^2z^2\left(y^2-z\right)\right)\)
\(P=\left(-x^3+xy-yz^2+x^2z^2\right)\left(y^2-z\right)\)
\(P=\left(\left(x^2z^2-x^3\right)-\left(yz^2-xy\right)\right)\left(y^2-z\right)\)
\(P=\left(x^2\left(z^2-x\right)-y\left(z^2-x\right)\right)\left(y^2-z\right)\)
\(P=\left(\left(x^2-y\right)\left(z^2-x\right)\right)\left(y^2-z\right)\)
\(P=\left(a.c\right).b\)
\(P=a.b.c\)
Vậy giá trị của P không phụ thuộc vào biến x;y;z (điều cần chứng minh)
Bài 2:
a) Áp dụng BĐT AM - GM ta có:
\(\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)=\dfrac{1}{4a}+\dfrac{1}{4b}\) \(\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{4^2ab}}=\dfrac{2}{4\sqrt{ab}}=\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{ab}}\)
\(\ge\dfrac{1}{a+b}\) (Đpcm)
b) Trừ 1 vào từng vế của BĐT ta được BĐT tương đương:
\(\left(\frac{x}{2x+y+z}-1\right)+\left(\frac{y}{x+2y+z}-1\right)+\left(\frac{z}{x+y+2z}-1\right)\le\frac{-9}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-\left(x+y+z\right)\left(\frac{1}{2x+y+z}+\frac{1}{x+2y+z}+\frac{1}{x+y+2z}\right)\le-\frac{9}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)\left(\frac{1}{2x+y+z}+\frac{1}{x+2y+z}+\frac{1}{x+y+2z}\right)\ge\frac{9}{4}\)
Áp dụng BĐT phụ \(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge\dfrac{9}{a+b+c}\) ta có:
\(\dfrac{1}{2x+y+z}+\dfrac{1}{x+2y+z}+\dfrac{1}{x+y+2z}\)
\(\ge\dfrac{9}{2x+y+z+x+2y+z+x+y+2z}=\dfrac{9}{4\left(x+y+z\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)\left(\frac{1}{2x+y+z}+\frac{1}{x+2y+z}+\frac{1}{x+y+2z}\right)\ge\frac{9}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{2x+y+z}+\dfrac{y}{x+2y+z}+\dfrac{z}{x+y+2z}\le\dfrac{3}{4}\) (Đpcm)
Bài 1:
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz dạng Engel ta có:
\(VT\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{a-1+b-1}=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{a+b-2}\)
Nên cần chứng minh \(\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{a+b-2}\ge8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2\ge8\left(a+b-2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+2ab+b^2\ge8a+8b-16\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b-4\right)^2\ge0\) luôn đúng
Câu hỏi của Yến Trần - Toán lớp 8 - Học toán với OnlineMath
Câu 1: Rút gọn
a. (x+y)2 + (x-y)2
=x2+2xy+y2+x2-2xy+y2=2x2+2y2
b. 2.(x-y) . (x+y) + (x+y)2 + (x-y)2
=2.(x2-y2)+2x2+2y2=4x2
c. (x-y+z)2 + (z-y)2 +2.(x-y+z) . (z-y)
=x2+y2+z2-2xy-2yz+2zx+z2-2yz+y2+2.(xz-xy-yz+y2+z2-zy)
=x2+2y2+2z2-2xy+2zx-4yz+2xz-2xy-4yz+2y2+2z2
=x2+4y2+4z2-4xy-8yz+4xz
Câu 2: Chứng minh
(ac+bd)2 + (ad-bc)2=a2c2+2abcd+b2d2+a2d2-2abcd+b2c2= a2c2+b2d2+a2d2+b2c2 =(a2+b2) . (c2+d2)
Câu 1:
a. \(\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(x-y\right)^2\)
\(=x^2+2xy+y^2+x^2-2xy+y^2\)
\(=2\left(x^2+y^2\right)\)
b. \(2\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)+\left(x+y^2\right)+\left(x-y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)^2+2\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)+\left(x-y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x+y+x-y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(2x\right)^2\)
\(=4x^2\)
1) Ta có : \(\hept{\begin{cases}x^2+y^2\ge2xy\\y^2+z^2\ge2yz\\z^2+x^2\ge2xz\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\ge2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2\ge xy+yz+zx\)
2) Áp dụng từ câu 1) ta có : \(x^4+y^4+z^4=\left(x^2\right)^2+\left(y^2\right)^2+\left(z^2\right)^2\ge\left(xy\right)^2+\left(yz\right)^2+\left(zx\right)^2\ge xy^2z+yz^2x+zx^2y=xyz\left(x+y+z\right)\)
3) Bạn cần sửa lại một chút thành \(x^4-2x^3+2x^2-2x+1\ge0\)
Ta có : \(x^4-2x^3+2x^2-2x+1=\left(x^4-2x^3+x^2\right)+\left(x^2-2x+1\right)=x^2\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0\)
1,
\(x^2+y^2+z^2=xy+yz+zx\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-zx=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+2y^2+2z^2-2xy-2yz-2zx=2.0=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(y^2-2yz+z^2\right)+\left(z^2-2zx+x^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2=0\)
<=> x - y = 0
y - z = 0
z - x =0
<=> x=y
y=z
z=x
<=> x=y=z
1)VD:\(X=Y=Z\Leftrightarrow XY+YZ+ZX=X^2+Y^2+Z^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow X^2+Y^2+Z^2=XY+YZ+ZX\left(1\right)\)
VD:\(X^2+Y^2+Z^2=XY+YZ+ZX\Leftrightarrow2X^2+2Y^2+2Z^2=2XY+2YZ+2ZX\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2X^2+2Y^2+2Z^2-2XY-2YZ-2ZX=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(X-Y\right)^2+\left(Y-Z\right)^2+\left(Z-X\right)^2=0\left(HĐT\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow X=Y=Z\left(2\right)\)
\(1\&2\Rightarrow X^2+Y^2+Z^2=XY+YZ+ZX\)
\(\Leftrightarrow X=Y=Z\)
2)\(\Rightarrow A+B+C\Rightarrow X=-\left(Y+Z\right)\Rightarrow X^2=\left(Y+Z\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow X^2=Y^2+2YZ+Z^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow X^2-Y^2-Z^2=2YZ\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(X^2-Y^2-Z^2\right)^2=4Y^2Z^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow X^4+Y^4+Z^4=2X^2Y^2+2Y^2Z^2+2Z^2X^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(X^4+Y^4+Z^2\right)=\left(X^2+Y^2+Z^2\right)^2=A^4\)
\(\Rightarrow X^4+Y^4+Z^4=\frac{A^4}{2}\)
\(x^2+y^2+z^2+3\ge2\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x^2+y^2+z^2+3-2x-2y-2z\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(y^2-2y+1\right)+\left(z^2-2z+1\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+\left(z-1\right)^2\ge0\)
Dáu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(x=y=z=1\)
a,b,c,d > 0 ta có:
- a < b nên a.c < b.c
- c < d nên c.b < d.b
Áp dụng tính chất bắc cầu ta được: a.c < b.c < b.d hay a.c < b.d (đpcm)