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Áp dụng bđt Cauchy-schwarz dạng engel ta có:
1. \(\frac{a^2}{a+2b}+\frac{b^2}{b+2c}+\frac{c^2}{c+2a}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{\left(a+2b\right)+\left(b+2c\right)+\left(c+2a\right)}=\frac{a+b+c}{3}\)
Dấu "=" \(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a}{a+2b}=\frac{b}{b+2c}=\frac{c}{c+2a}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
2. \(\frac{a^2}{2a+3b}+\frac{b^2}{2b+3c}+\frac{c^2}{2c+3a}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{\left(2a+3b\right)+\left(2b+3c\right)+\left(2c+3a\right)}=\frac{a+b+c}{5}\)
Dấu "=" \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
Câu 2)
Ta có \(\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}\ge\frac{4}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{b+1+a+1}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)}\ge\frac{4}{3}\)
Ta có \(a+b=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{3}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)}\ge\frac{4}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{3}{\left(a+1\right)b+a+1}\ge\frac{4}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{3}{ab+b+a+1}\ge\frac{4}{3}\)
Ta có \(a+b=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{3}{ab+2}\ge\frac{4}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9\ge4\left(ab+2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow9\ge4ab+8\)
\(\Rightarrow1\ge4ab\)
Do \(a+b=1\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+2ab+b^2\ge4ab\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2-2ab+b^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\) (đpcm )
Câu 3)
Ta có \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge9\)
Mà \(a+b+c=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+b+c}{a}+\frac{a+b+c}{b}+\frac{a+b+c}{c}\ge9\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b+c\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge9\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cô-si
\(\Rightarrow\left\{\begin{matrix}a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}\\\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{abc}}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge9\sqrt[3]{abc}\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{abc}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge9.\sqrt[3]{\frac{abc}{abc}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge9\) (điều này luôn luôn đúng)
\(\Rightarrow\) ĐPCM
\(P=\frac{a^2}{2ab+3ac}+\frac{b^2}{2bc+3ab}+\frac{c^2}{2ac+3bc}\)
\(P\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{5\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\ge\frac{3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{5\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}=\frac{3}{5}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:
\(\frac{a}{b+2c+3d}+\frac{b}{c+2d+3a}+\frac{c}{d+2a+3b}+\frac{d}{a+2b+3c}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2}{4\left(ab+ac+ad+bc+bd+cd\right)}\). Mà theo BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(\frac{\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2}{4\left(ab+ac+ad+bc+bd+cd\right)}=\frac{\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2}{2\left[\left(a+b\right)\left(c+d\right)+\left(a+c\right)\left(b+d\right)+\left(a+d\right)\left(b+c\right)\right]}\ge\frac{2}{3}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a=b=c=d
\(P=\frac{b^2c^2+c^2a^2+a^2b^2}{abc}\Rightarrow P^2=\frac{b^4c^4+c^4a^4+a^4b^4+2a^2b^2c^2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{a^2b^2c^2}\)
\(P^2\ge\frac{a^2b^2c^2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+2a^2b^2c^2}{a^2b^2c^2}=\frac{3a^2b^2c^2}{a^2b^2c^2}=3\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\sqrt{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
\(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow c^3+\left(a+b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)-3abc=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^3-3c\left(a+b\right)\left(a+b+c\right)-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca-3ca-3bc-3ab\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ca-bc-ab\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a+b+c=0\\a=b=c\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mà a, b ,c đôi một khác nhau nên \(a+b+c=0\)
Khi đó \(\frac{1}{a^2+b^2-c^2}=\frac{1}{a^2+b^2-\left(-a-b\right)^2}=-\frac{1}{2ab}\)
Tương tự \(\frac{1}{b^2+c^2-a^2}=-\frac{1}{2bc};\frac{1}{c^2+a^2-b^2}=-\frac{1}{2ca}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=-\left(\frac{1}{2ab}+\frac{1}{2bc}+\frac{1}{2ca}\right)=-\frac{a+b+c}{2abc}=0\)
BĐT 1 sai ngay với \(a=\sqrt{0,1},b=\sqrt{0,2},c=\sqrt{2,7}\)
BĐT 2 tương đương với đi chứng minh \(a^4b^4+b^4c^4+c^4a^4\geq 3a^2b^2c^2\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM: \(a^4b^4+b^4c^4\geq 2a^2b^4c^2\)
Tương tự \(b^4c^4+c^4a^4\geq 2b^2c^4a^2,a^4b^4+c^4a^4\geq 2a^4b^2c^2\)
Cộng theo vế và rút gọn:
\(\Rightarrow a^4b^4+b^4c^4+c^4a^4\geq a^2b^2c^2(a^2+b^2+c^2)=3a^2b^2c^2\)
Do đó ta có đpcm. Dấu $=$ xảy ra khi $a=b=c=1$
thì ra cái đầu sai nghĩ mãi ko ra, đại ca thông minh thật :v