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a) Ta có: \(M=x^2-3x+10\)
\(=x^2-2\cdot x\cdot\frac{3}{2}+\frac{9}{4}+\frac{31}{4}\)
\(=\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2+\frac{31}{4}\)
Ta có: \(\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2+\frac{31}{4}\ge\frac{31}{4}\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x-\frac{3}{2}=0\)
hay \(x=\frac{3}{2}\)
Vậy: Giá trị nhỏ nhất của biểu thức \(M=x^2-3x+10\) là \(\frac{31}{4}\) khi \(x=\frac{3}{2}\)
b) Ta có: \(N=2x^2+5y^2+4xy+8x-4y-100\)
\(=x^2+8x+16+x^2+4xy+4y^2+y^2-4y+4-120\)
\(=\left(x+4\right)^2+\left(x+2y\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2-120\)
Ta có: \(\left(x+4\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
\(\left(x+2y\right)^2\ge0\forall x,y\)
\(\left(y-2\right)^2\ge0\forall y\)
Do đó: \(\left(x+4\right)^2+\left(x+2y\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2\ge0\forall x,y\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+4\right)^2+\left(x+2y\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2-120\ge-120\forall x,y\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+4=0\\x+2y=0\\y-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-4\\-4+2y=0\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-4\\2y=4\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-4\\y=2\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: Giá trị nhỏ nhất của biểu thức \(N=2x^2+5y^2+4xy+8x-4y-100\) là -120 khi x=-4 và y=2
a) Ta có: \(2x^2+2x+3=\left(\sqrt{2}x\right)^2+2.\sqrt{2}x.\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{5}{2}\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{2}x+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\right)^2+\frac{5}{2}\ge\frac{5}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow S\le\frac{3}{\frac{5}{2}}=\frac{6}{5}\)
Vậy \(S_{max}=\frac{6}{5}\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2}x+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}=0\Leftrightarrow x=-\frac{1}{2}\)
b) Ta có: \(3x^2+4x+15=\left(\sqrt{3}x\right)^2+2.\sqrt{3}x.\frac{2}{\sqrt{3}}+\frac{4}{3}+\frac{41}{3}\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{3}x+\frac{2}{\sqrt{3}}\right)^2+\frac{41}{3}\ge\frac{41}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow T\le\frac{5}{\frac{41}{3}}=\frac{15}{41}\)
Vậy \(T_{max}=\frac{15}{41}\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{3}x+\frac{2}{\sqrt{3}}=0\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{-2}{3}\)
c) Ta có: \(-x^2+2x-2=-\left(x^2-2x+1\right)-1\)
\(=-\left(x-1\right)^2-1\le-1\)
\(\Rightarrow V\ge\frac{1}{-1}=-1\)
Vậy \(V_{min}=-1\Leftrightarrow x-1=0\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
d) Ta có: \(-4x^2+8x-5=-\left(4x^2-8x+5\right)\)
\(=-\left(4x^2-8x+4\right)-1\)
\(=-\left(2x-2\right)^2-1\le-1\)
\(\Rightarrow X\ge\frac{2}{-1}=-2\)
Vậy \(X_{min}=-2\Leftrightarrow2x-2=0\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
\(1,a,A=x^2-6x+25\)
\(=x^2-2.x.3+9-9+25\)
\(=\left(x-3\right)^2+16\)
Ta có :
\(\left(x-3\right)^2\ge0\)Với mọi x
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-3\right)^2+16\ge16\)
Hay \(A\ge16\)
\(\Rightarrow A_{min}=16\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=3\)
1) a) Đặt biểu thức là A
\(A=2x^2+4y^2-4xy-4x-4y+2017\)
\(A=\left(x-2y\right)^2+x^2-4x-4y+2017\)
\(A=\left(x-2y\right)^2+2\left(x-2y\right)+x^2-6x+2017\)
\(A=\left(x-2y-1\right)^2+\left(x+3\right)^2+2008\)
Vậy: MinA=2008 khi x=-3; y=-2
3) a) \(A=\dfrac{1}{x^2+x+1}\)
\(B=x^2+x+1=\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow B\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\Rightarrow A\ge\dfrac{4}{3}\)
Vậy MinA là \(\dfrac{4}{3}\) khi x=-0,5
a. A = x2 + 12x + 39 = (x2 + 12x + 36) + 3
= ( x2 + 2.x.6 + 62 ) +3
= ( x+6)2 + 3
Vì ( x + 6 )2 \(\ge\) 0 ( dấu = xảy ra khi x = 1)
nên A \(\ge\) 3
Vậy GTNN của A là 3 ( khi x = 1)
a. A = x2 + 12x + 39 =(x2 + 12x + 36 ) + 3= (x+6)2 + 3
Vì (x+6)2\(\ge\) 0 ( dấu = xảy ra khi x = 6)
nên A \(\ge\) 3
Vậy: GTNN của A là 3 ( khi x = 6 )
b. B= 9x2 - 12x = (9x2 - 12x + 4) - 4 = \(\left[\text{(3x)^2 - 2.3x.2 + 2^2}\right]\) - 4
= (3x-2)2 - 4
Vì (3x-2)2\(\ge\) 0 ( dấu = xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\) 3x-2 = 0 \(\Leftrightarrow\) x = \(\dfrac{2}{3}\)
nên B \(\ge\) 4
Vậy: GTNN của B là 4 ( \(\Leftrightarrow\) x=\(\dfrac{2}{3}\) )
1. a. \(A=8a-8a^2+3=-8\left(a-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+5\)
Vì \(\left(a-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall a\)\(\Rightarrow-8\left(a-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+5\le5\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow-8\left(a-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow a-\frac{1}{2}=0\Leftrightarrow a=\frac{1}{2}\)
Vậy Amax = 5 <=> a = 1/2
b. \(B=b-\frac{9b^2}{25}=-\frac{9}{25}\left(b-\frac{25}{18}\right)^2+\frac{25}{36}\)
Vì \(\left(b-\frac{25}{18}\right)^2\ge0\forall b\)\(\Rightarrow-\frac{9}{25}\left(b-\frac{25}{18}\right)^2+\frac{25}{36}\le\frac{25}{36}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow-\frac{9}{25}\left(b-\frac{25}{18}\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow b-\frac{25}{18}=0\Leftrightarrow b=\frac{25}{18}\)
Vậy Bmax = 25/36 <=> b = 25/18
a,\(A=8a-8a^2+3\)
\(=-8\left(a^2-a\right)+3\)
\(=-8\left(a^2-2a\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{4}\right)+3\)
\(=-8\left[\left(a-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2-\frac{1}{4}\right]+3\)
\(=-8\left(a-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+2+3\)
\(=-8\left(a-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+5\le5\forall a\)
Dấu"=" xảy ra khi \(\left(a-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2=0\Rightarrow a=\frac{1}{2}\)
Vậy \(Max_A=5\)khi\(a=\frac{1}{2}\)
bài 2:
b,\(D=d^2+10e^2-6de-10e+26\)
\(=d^2-23de+\left(3e\right)^2+e^2-2.5e+5^2+1\)
\(=\left(d-3e\right)^2+\left(e-5\right)^2+1\ge1\forall d,e\)
Dấu"=" xảy ra khi\(\orbr{\begin{cases}\left(d-3e\right)^2=0\\\left(e-5\right)^2=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}d=15\\e=5\end{cases}}}\)
vậy \(D_{min}=1\)khi \(d=15;e=5\)
c,:\(E=4x^4+12x^2+11\)
\(=\left(2x^2\right)^2+2.2x^2.3+3^2+2\)
\(=\left(2x^2+3\right)^2+2\ge2\forall x\)
còn 1 đoạn nx bạn tự lm tiếp,lm giống như D
mk gợi ý, phần còn lại tự làm
a) \(A=x^2+2x+5=\left(x+1\right)^2+4\ge4\)
b) \(B=4x^2+4x+11=\left(2x+1\right)^2+10\ge10\)
c) \(\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+6\right)=\left(x^2+5x-6\right)\left(x^2+5x+6\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+5x\right)^2-36\ge-36\)
d) \(D=x^2-2x+y^2-4y+7=\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2+2\ge2\)
e) \(E=x^2-4xy+5y^2+10x-22y+28=\left(x-2y+5\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+2\ge2\)
a) A = x2 + 2x + 5
= x2 + 2x + 1 + 4
= ( x + 1 )2 + 4
Nhận xét :
( x + 1 )2 > 0 với mọi x
=> ( x + 1 )2 + 4 > 4
=> A > 4
=> A min = 4
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi : ( x + 1 )2 = 0
=> x + 1 = 0
=> x = - 1
Vậy A min = 4 khi x = - 1
b) B = 4x2 + 4x + 11
= ( 2x )2 + 4x + 1 + 10
= ( 2x + 1 )2 + 10
Nhận xét :
( 2x + 1 )2 > 0 với mọi x
=> ( 2x + 1 )2 + 10 > 10
=> B > 10
=> B min = 10
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi : ( 2x + 1 )2 = 0
=> 2x + 1 = 0
=> x = \(\frac{-1}{2}\)
Vậy Bmin = 10 khi x = \(\frac{-1}{2}\)
c) C = ( x - 1 ) ( x + 2 ) ( x + 3 ) ( x + 6 )
= [ ( x - 1 ) ( x + 6 ) ] [ ( x + 2 ) ( x + 3 ) ]
= ( x2 + 5x - 6 ) ( x2 + 5x + 6 )
= ( x2 + 5x ) 2 - 62
= ( x2 + 5x )2 - 36
Nhận xét :
( x2 + 5x )2 > 0 với mọi x
=> ( x2 + 5x )2 - 36 > - 36
=> C > - 36
=> C min = - 36
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi : ( x2 + 5x )2 = 0
=> x2 + 5x = 0
=> x ( x + 5 ) = 0
=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x+5=0\end{cases}}\)
=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x=-5\end{cases}}\)
Vậy C min = - 36 khi x = 0 hoặc x = - 5
d) D = x2 - 2x + y2 - 4y + 7
= ( x2 - 2x + 1 ) + ( y2 - 4x + 4 ) + 2
= ( x - 1 )2 + ( y - 2 )2 + 2
Nhận xét :
( x - 1 )2 > 0 với mọi x
( y - 2 )2 > 0 với mọi y
=> ( x - 1 )2 + ( y - 2 )2 > 0
=> ( x - 1 )2 + ( y - 2 )2 + 2 > 2
=> D > 2
=> D min = 2
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi : \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-1\right)^2=0\\\left(y-2\right)^2=0\end{cases}}\)
=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x-1=0\\y-2=0\end{cases}}\)
=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=2\end{cases}}\)
Vậy D min = 2 khi x = 1 và y = 2
Bài 1:
a) \(M=x^2-3x+10=\left(x^2-3x+\frac{9}{4}\right)+\frac{31}{4}\)
\(=\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2+\frac{31}{4}\ge\frac{31}{4}\left(\forall x\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2=0\Rightarrow x=\frac{3}{2}\)
KL:...
2. a. \(A=12a-4a^2+3=-4\left(a-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2+12\)
Vì \(\left(a-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall a\)\(\Rightarrow-4\left(a-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2+3\le3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow-4\left(a-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow a-\frac{3}{2}=0\Leftrightarrow a=\frac{3}{2}\)
Vậy Amax = 3 <=> a = 3/2
b. \(B=4t-8v-v^2-t^2+2017=-\left(v^2+t^2-4t+8v+20\right)+2037\)
\(=-\left(t-2\right)^2-\left(v+4\right)^2+2037\)
Vì \(\left(t-2\right)^2\ge0;\left(v+4\right)^2\ge0\forall t;v\)
\(\Rightarrow-\left(t-2\right)^2-\left(v+4\right)^2+2037\le2037\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}\left(t-2\right)^2=0\\\left(v+4\right)^2=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}t-2=0\\v+4=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}t=2\\v=-4\end{cases}}\)
Vậy Bmax = 2037 <=> t = 2 ; v = - 4
c. \(C=m-\frac{m^2}{4}=-\frac{1}{4}\left(m-2\right)^2+1\)
Vì \(\left(m-2\right)^2\ge0\forall m\)\(\Rightarrow-\frac{1}{4}\left(m-2\right)^2+1\le1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow-\frac{1}{4}\left(m-2\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow m-2=0\Leftrightarrow m=2\)
Vậy Cmax = 1 <=> m = 2