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a)
Gọi $n_{KMnO_4} = a(mol) \Rightarrow n_{KClO_3} = 2a(mol)$
Suy ra :
$158a + 122,5.2a = 40,3 \Rightarrow a = 0,1(mol)$
$m_{KMnO_4} = 0,1.158 = 15,8(gam)$
$m_{KClO_3} = 0,1.122,5 = 12,25(gam)$
b)
$2KMnO_4 \xrightarrow{t^o} K_2MnO_4 + MnO_2 + O_2$
$2KClO_3 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2KCl + 3O_2$
Theo PTHH :
$n_{O_2} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_{KMnO_4} + \dfrac{3}{2}n_{KClO_3} = 0,35(mol)$
$m_{O_2} = 0,35.32 = 11,2(gam)$
2KMnO4-to>K2MnO4+MnO2+O2
0,14-------------0,07------0,07-------0,07 mol
n KMnO4=\(\dfrac{22,12}{158}\)=0,14 mol
=>a=mcr=0,07.197+0,07.87=23,82g
=>VO2=0,07.22,4=1,568l
b)
2Cu+O2-to>2CuO
0,07-----0,14
n Cu=\(\dfrac{10,24}{64}\)=0,16 mol
Cu dư :0,01 mol
m chất rắn =0,01.64+0,14.80=11,84g
a)
\(Zn + 2HCl \to ZnCl_2 + H_2\\ Fe_2O_3 + 6HCl \to 2FeCl_3 + 3H_2\)
Theo PTHH : \(n_{Zn} = n_{H_2} = \dfrac{6,72}{22,4} = 0,3(mol)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{Fe_2O_3} = \dfrac{35,5-0,3.65}{160} = 0,1\\ \Rightarrow n_{HCl} = 2n_{Zn} + 6n_{Fe_2O_3} = 0,3.2 + 0,1.6 = 1,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{HCl} = 1,2.36,5 = 43,8(gam)\)
b)
\(CuO + H_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} Cu + H_2O\\ Fe_2O_3 + 3H_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2Fe + 3H_2O\)
Gọi \(n_{CuO} = a;n_{Fe_2O_3} = b\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}80a+160b=19,6\\a+3b=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,135\\b=0,055\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy :
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Cu}=0,135\\n_{Fe}=0,055.2=0,11\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Cu}=0,135.64=8,64\left(gam\right)\\m_{Fe}=0,11.56=6,16\left(gam\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\\ Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Na}=2.0,3=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ a,m_{Na}=0,6.23=13,8\left(g\right)\\ m_{Na_2O}=26,2-13,8=12,4\left(g\right)\\b, n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{12,4}{62}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{NaOH\left(tổng\right)}=n_{Na}+2.n_{Na_2O}=0,6+\dfrac{12,4}{62}=0,8\left(mol\right)\\ m_{c.tan}=m_{NaOH}=0,8.40=32\left(g\right)\\ c,m_{ddNaOH}=m_{hh}+m_{H_2O}-m_{H_2}=26,2+200-0,3.2=225,6\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{ddNaOH}=\dfrac{32}{225,6}.100\approx14,185\%\)
Gọi số mol H2, O2 là a, b (mol)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=\dfrac{22,4}{22,4}=1\\M_B=\dfrac{2a+32b}{a+b}=5,5.2=11\left(g/mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> a = 0,7 (mol); b = 0,3 (mol)
PTHH: 2H2 + O2 --to--> 2H2O
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,7}{2}>\dfrac{0,3}{1}\) => H2 dư, O2 hết
PTHH: 2H2 + O2 --to--> 2H2O
0,6<--0,3------->0,6
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{H_2O}=0,6.18=10,8\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,7-0,6\right).2=0,2\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{\text{khí}}=\frac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5mol\)
Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}x\left(mol\right)=n_C\\y\left(mol\right)=n_S\end{cases}}\)
\(\rightarrow12x+32y=10\left(1\right)\)
PTHH: \(C+O_2\rightarrow^{t^o}CO_2\)
\(S+O_2\rightarrow^{t^o}SO_2\)
Từ phương trình \(\hept{\begin{cases}n_{CO_2}=n_C=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{SO_2}=n_S=y\left(mol\right)\end{cases}}\)
\(\rightarrow x+y=0,5\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=0,3\\y=0,2\end{cases}}\)
\(\rightarrow m_C=12.0,3=3,6g\)
\(\rightarrow m_S=32.0,2=6,4g\)
\(a,n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Ba + 2H2O ---> Ba(OH)2 + H2
0,3<-------------0,3<---------0,3
=> mBa = 0,3.137 = 41,1 (g)
=> mK2O = 59,9 - 41,1 = 18,8 (g)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Ba}=\dfrac{41,1}{59,9}.100\%=68,61\%\\\%m_{K_2O}=100\%-68,61\%=31,39\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(b,n_{K_2O}=\dfrac{18,8}{94}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: K2O + H2O ---> 2KOH
0,2----------------->0,4
Các chất tan trong dd sau phản ứng: KOH, Ba(OH)2
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{KOH}=0,4.56=22,4\left(g\right)\\m_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=0,3.171=51,3\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)