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nCaCO3 = \(\dfrac{15}{100}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CaCO3 -> CaO + CO2
PT: 1 1 1 (mol)
ĐB: 0,15 0,15 0,15 (mol)
mCaO = 0,15.56 = 8,4 (g)
VCO2 = 0,15.22,4 = 3,36(l)
\(1.a.CaCO_3.t^o\rightarrow CaO+CO_2\\ b.m_{CaCO_3}=m_{CaO}+m_{CO_2}\\ \Rightarrow m_{CO_2}=m_{CaCO_3}-m_{CaO}=20-11,2=8,8\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{KMnO_4}=\dfrac{31,6}{158}=0,2mol\)
\(2KMnO_4\underrightarrow{t^o}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\uparrow\)
0,2 0,1 0,1 0,1
a)\(V_{O_2}=0,1\cdot22,4=2,24l\)
b)\(m_{CRắn}=m_{K_2MnO_4}+m_{MnO_2}=0,1\cdot197+0,1\cdot87=28,4g\)
c)\(n_{CH_4}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5mol\)
\(CH_4+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2+2H_2O\)
0,5 0,1 0 0
0,05 0,1 0,05 0,1
0,45 0 0,05 0,1
\(V_{CO_2}=0,05\cdot22,4=1,12l\)
\(m_{H_2O}=0,1\cdot18=1,8g\)
PTHH: 2KMnO4--to-> K2MnO4+MnO2+O2
0,2----------------0,1---------0,1-----0,1
b, nKMnO4= \(\dfrac{31,6}{158}\)=0,2 mol
Theo pt: nO2=\(\dfrac{1}{2}\).0,2=0,1 mol
=> VO2= 0,1.22,4= 2,24 l
=>m cr=0,1.197+0,1.87=28,4g
CH4+2O2-to>CO2+2H2O
0,5-----0,25-----0,5
n CH4=\(\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}\)=0,5 mol
=>Oxi du
=>V CO2=0,25.22,4=5,6l
=>m H2O=0,5.18=9g
\(m_{CaCO_3}=90\%.400=360\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{360}{100}=3,6\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CaCO3 --to--> CaO + CO2
3,6 ----------> 3,6 -----> 3,6
\(\rightarrow n_{CaO}=3,6.75\%=2,7\left(mol\right)\\ \rightarrow n_{CaCO_3\left(chưa.pư\right)}=3,6-2,7=0,9\left(mol\right)\)
\(\rightarrow m_X=0,9.100+2,7.56=241,2\left(g\right)\\ \%m_{CaO}=\dfrac{0,9.100}{241,2}=37,31\%\)
\(V_Y=V_{CO_2}=3,6.75\%.22,4=60,48\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{400\cdot90\%}{100\%}=360g\Rightarrow n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{360}{100}=3,6mol\)
\(CaCO_3\underrightarrow{t^o}CaO+CO_2\)
3,6 3,6 3,6
Thực tế: \(n_{CaO}=3,6\cdot75\%=2,7mol\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{CaO}=2,7\cdot56=151,2g\)
$n_{Kali} = \dfrac{21,65.36,03\%}{39} = 0,2(mol)$
Gọi $n_{KMnO_4} = a ; n_{KClO_3} = b$
$2KMnO_4 \xrightarrow{t^o} K_2MnO_4 + MnO_2 + O_2$
$2KClO_3 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2KCl + 3O_2$
Bảo toàn Kali : $a + b = 0,2$
$n_{O_2} = 0,5a + 1,5b(mol)$
Bảo toàn khối lượng : $158a + 122,5b = 21,65 + (0,5a + 1,5b).32$
Suy ra: a = b = 0,1
$n_{O_2} = 0,5a + 1,5b = 0,2(mol)$
$V_{O_2} = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48(lít)$
\(m_{CaCO_3}=400\cdot90\%=360\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{trơ}=400-360=40\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{360}{100}=3.6\left(mol\right)\)
\(a.\)
\(n_{CaCO_3\left(pư\right)}=3.6\cdot75\%=2.7\left(mol\right)\)
\(CaCO_3\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}CaO+CO_2\)
\(2.7........2.7...........2.7\)
\(m_X=m_{CaO}+m_{CaCO_3\left(dư\right)}+m_{trơ}=2.7\cdot56+\left(3.6-2.7\right)\cdot100+40=281.2\left(g\right)\)
\(b.\)
\(\%CaO=\dfrac{2.7\cdot56}{281.2}\cdot100\%=53.77\%\)
\(V_{CO_2}=2.7\cdot22.4=60.48\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{KMnO_4}=\dfrac{31,6}{158}=0,2mol\)
\(2KMnO_4\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)
0,2 0,1 0,1 0,1 ( mol )
\(V_{O_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24l\)
\(m_{K_2MnO_4}=0,1.197=19,7g\)
\(m_{MnO_2}=0,1.87=8,7g\)
\(Đặt:m_{Al_2O_3}=g\left(g\right)\Rightarrow m_{CaCO_3}+m_{MgCO_3}=8g\left(g\right)\\ PTHH:CaCO_3\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)CaO+CO_2\\ MgCO_3\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)CO_2+MgO\\ Đặt:n_{CaCO_3}=a\left(mol\right);n_{MgCO_3}=b\left(mol\right)\left(a,b>0\right)\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}100a+84b=8g\\56a+40b+g=60\%.9g=5,4g\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{31}{440}g\\b=\dfrac{1}{88}g\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{g}{9g}.100\%=11,111\%\)
\(\%m_{MgCO_3}=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{88}g.84}{9g}.100\%\approx10,606\%\\ \%m_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{\dfrac{31}{440}g.100}{9g}.100\approx78,283\%\)
\(b,\%m_{\dfrac{Al_2O_3}{A}}=\dfrac{g}{\dfrac{1}{88}.40g+\dfrac{31}{440}.56g+g}.100\approx18,5185\%\\ \%m_{\dfrac{MgO}{A}}=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{88}.40g}{\dfrac{1}{88}.40g+\dfrac{31}{440}.56g+g}.100\approx8,4175\%\\ \Rightarrow m_{Al_2O_3}=18,5185\%.2=0,37037\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{0,37037}{102}\left(mol\right)\\ m_{MgO}=8,4175\%.2=0,16835\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{MgO}=\dfrac{0,16835}{40}\left(mol\right)\\ m_{CaO}=2-\left(0,37037+0,16835\right)=1,46128\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{CaO}=\dfrac{1,46128}{56}\left(mol\right)\)
\(PTHH:Al_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2O\\ CaO+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O\\ MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O\\ n_{HCl}=2.\left(\dfrac{1,46128}{56}+\dfrac{0,16835}{40}\right)+6.\dfrac{0,37037}{102}\approx0,0824\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{ddHCl}\approx\dfrac{0,0824}{0,5}\approx0,1648\left(lít\right)\approx164,8\left(ml\right)\)
\(a)\\ CaCO_3 \xrightarrow{t^o} CaO + CO_2\\ n_{CaO} = n_{CaCO_3} = \dfrac{120}{100} = 1,2(kmol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{CaO} = 1,2.56 = 67,2\ kg\\ b)\\ n_{CO_2} = n_{CaCO_3} = \dfrac{120.1000.90\%}{100} = 1080\ mol\\ \Rightarrow V_{CO_2} = 1080.22,4 = 24192\ lít\)
\(n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{120}{100}=1.2\left(kmol\right)\)
\(CaCO_3\underrightarrow{t^0}CaO+CO_2\)
\(1.2............1.2........1.2\)
\(m_{CaO}=1.2\cdot56=67.2\left(kg\right)\)
\(V_{CO_2}=1.2\cdot10^3\cdot90\%\cdot22.4=2419.2\left(l\right)\)