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a, Ta có :
\(\dfrac{x-1}{2}=\dfrac{y-2}{3}=\dfrac{z-3}{4}\Rightarrow\dfrac{2x-2}{4}=\dfrac{3y-6}{9}=\dfrac{z-3}{4}\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có :
\(\dfrac{2x-2}{4}=\dfrac{3y-6}{9}=\dfrac{z-3}{4}=\dfrac{2x+3y-z-2-6+3}{4+9-4}=\dfrac{50-5}{9}=5\)
\(\Rightarrow x=11;y=17;z=23\)
b, Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2k\\y=3k\\z=5k\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow xyz=810\)
\(\Rightarrow2k.3k.5k=810\Leftrightarrow30k^3=810\Leftrightarrow k^3=27\Leftrightarrow k=3\)
\(\Rightarrow x=6;y=9;z=15\)
a) Ta có: \(\dfrac{x-1}{2}=\dfrac{2x-2}{4};\dfrac{y-2}{3}=\dfrac{3y-6}{9};\dfrac{z-3}{4}\)
Áp dụng t/c dtsbn:
\(\dfrac{2x-2}{4}=\dfrac{3y-6}{9}=\dfrac{z-3}{4}=\dfrac{2x-2+3y-6-z+3}{4+9-4}=5\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x-1}{2}=5\\\dfrac{y-2}{3}=5\\\dfrac{z-3}{4}=5\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=11\\y=17\\z=12\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) Đặt \(\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{z}{5}=k\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2k\\y=3k\\z=5k\end{matrix}\right.\)
xyz = 810
=> 2k.3k.5k = 810
=> k = 3
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=6\\y=9\\z=15\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) \(\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{3}\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{4}=\dfrac{y^2}{9}=\dfrac{x^2-y^2}{4-9}=\dfrac{-16}{-5}=\dfrac{16}{5}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2=4.\dfrac{16}{5}\\y^2=9.\dfrac{16}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\pm\left(2.\dfrac{4}{\sqrt[]{5}}\right)=\pm\dfrac{8\sqrt[]{5}}{5}\\y=\pm\left(3.\dfrac{4}{\sqrt[]{5}}\right)=\pm\dfrac{12\sqrt[]{5}}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\dfrac{y}{4}=\dfrac{z}{5}\Rightarrow z=\dfrac{5}{4}y=\dfrac{5}{4}.\left(\pm\dfrac{12\sqrt[]{5}}{5}\right)=\pm3\sqrt[]{5}\)
b) \(\left|2x+3\right|=x+2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x+3=x+2\\2x+3=-x-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\3x=-5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\3x=-\dfrac{5}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đính chính
Dòng cuối \(3x=-\dfrac{5}{3}\rightarrow x=-\dfrac{5}{3}\)
Bài tập `17`
`a,` ` @` Tớ nghĩ là tính tích ba đơn thức chứ nhỉ ?
\(-\dfrac{3}{8}x^2z.\dfrac{2}{3}xy^2z^2.\dfrac{4}{5}x^3y\\ =\left(-\dfrac{3}{8}.\dfrac{2}{3}.\dfrac{4}{5}\right)\left(x^2.x.x^3\right)\left(y^2.y\right)\left(z.z^2\right)\\ =-\dfrac{1}{5}x^6y^3z^3\)
`b,` Tại `x=-1 ; y=-2;z=-3`
Thì \(-\dfrac{3}{8}x^2z=-\dfrac{3}{8}.\left(-1\right)^2.\left(-3\right)=-\dfrac{3}{8}.1.\left(-3\right)=\dfrac{9}{8}\\ \dfrac{2}{3}xy^2z^2=\dfrac{2}{3}.\left(-1\right)\left(-2\right)^2\left(-3\right)^2=\dfrac{2}{3}.\left(-1\right).4.9=-24\\ \dfrac{4}{5}x^3y=\dfrac{4}{5}.\left(-1\right)^3.\left(-2\right)=\dfrac{4}{5}.\left(-1\right).\left(-2\right)=\dfrac{8}{5}\)
`P=x^3/(x+y)+y^3/(y+z)+z^3/(z+x)`
`=x^4/(x^2+xy)+y^4/(y^2+yz)+z^4/(z^2+zx)`
Ad bđt cosi-swart:
`P>=(x^2+y^2+z^2)^2/(x^2+y^2+z^2+xy+yz+zx)`
Mà `xy+yz+zx<=x^2+y^2+z^2)`
`=>P>=(x^2+y^2+z^2)^2/(2(x^2+y^2+z^2))=(x^2+y^2+z^2)/2=3/2`
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi `x=y=z=1`
`Q=(x^3+y^3)/(x+2y)+(y^3+z^3)/(y+2z)+(z^3+x^3)/(z+2x)`
`Q=(x^3/(x+2y)+y^3/(y+2z)+z^3/(z+2x))+(y^3/(x+2y)+z^3/(y+2z)+x^3/(z+2x))`
`Q=(x^4/(x^2+2xy)+y^4/(y^2+2yz)+z^4/(z^2+2zx))+(y^4/(xy+2y^2)+z^4/(yz+2z^4)+x^4/(xz+2x^2))`
Áp dụng BĐT cosi-swart ta có:
`Q>=(x^2+y^2+z^2)^2/(x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy+2yz+2zx)+(x^2+y^2+z^2)^2/(2(x^2+y^2+z^2)+xy+yz+zx))`
Mà`xy+yz+zx<=x^2+y^2+z^2`
`=>Q>=(x^2+y^2+z^2)^2/(3(x^2+y^2+z^2))+(x^2+y^2+z^2)^2/(3(x^2+y^2+z^2))=(2(x^2+y^2+z^2)^2)/(3(x^2+y^2+z^2))=(2(x^2+y^2+z^2))/3=2`
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi `x=y=z=1.`
a: A=-3/8x^2z*2/3xy^2z^2*4/5x^3y=-1/5x^6y^3z^3
b: Khi x=-1;y=-2;z=-3 thì -3/8x^2z=-3/8*(-1)^2*(-3)=9/8
2/3xy^2z^2=2/3*(-1)*(2*3)^2=-2/3*36=-24
4/5x^3y=4/5*(-1)^3*(-3)=12/5
A=-1/5*(-1)^6*(-2)^3*(-3)^3=-216/5
a) Các biểu thức: \(\dfrac{1}{5}x{y^2}{z^3}; - \dfrac{3}{2}{x^4}{\rm{yx}}{{\rm{z}}^2}\) là đơn thức
b) Các biểu thức: \(2 - x + y; - 5{{\rm{x}}^2}y{z^3} + \dfrac{1}{3}x{y^2}z + x + 1\) là đa thức
a, \(5x^2y\cdot2xy^2=10x^3y^3\)
b, \(\dfrac{3}{4}xy\cdot8x^3y^2=6x^4y^3\)
c, \(1,5xy^2z^3\cdot2x^3y^2z=3x^3y^4z^4\)