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c)Ta có: x2 + y2 – 2x + 4y + 5 = (x2 – 2x + 1) + (y2 + 4y + 4)
= (x – 1)2 + (y + 2)2
Vậy (x – 1)2 + (y + 2)2 = 0 ⇒ x – 1 = 0 hay y + 2 = 0
⇒ x = 1 hoặc y = -2
\(x^2-2x+y^2+4y-4< 0\)
⇔ \(\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2< 9\)
Mà \(\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0;\left(y+2\right)^2\ge0\) và 2 số này đều là bình phương của một số nguyên
Nên ta có các trường hơpj
TH1 : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-1\right)^2=0\\\left(y+2\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\) (TM)
TH2 : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-1\right)^2=1\\\left(y+2\right)^2=1\end{matrix}\right.\) .....
TH3 : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-1\right)^2=4\\\left(y+2\right)^2=1\end{matrix}\right.\) .....
Thôi tự túc mấy trường hợp còn lại. Nghi đề sai lắm :((
\(a,9x^2+y^2+2z^2-18x+4z-6y+20=0\\ \Leftrightarrow9\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-3\right)^2+2\left(z+1\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=3\\z=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(b,5x^2+5y^2+8xy+2y-2x+2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow4\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-y\\x=1\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(c,5x^2+2y^2+4xy-2x+4y+5=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(2x+y\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x=-y\\x=1\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(d,x^2+4y^2+z^2=2x+12y-4z-14\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(2y-3\right)^2+\left(z+2\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=\dfrac{3}{2}\\z=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(e,x^2+y^2-6x+4y+2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2=11\)
Pt vô nghiệm do ko có 2 bình phương số nguyên có tổng là 11
e: Ta có: \(x^2-6x+y^2+4y+2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-6x+9+y^2+4y+4-11=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2=11\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=3 và y=-2
\(a.\left(x^2+4x+4\right)+\left(x^2-6x+9\right)=2x^2+14x\)
\(x^2+4x+4+x^2-6x+9-2x^2-14x=0\)
\(-18x+13=0\)
\(x=\dfrac{13}{18}\)
Vậy \(S=\left\{\dfrac{13}{18}\right\}\)
\(b.\left(x-1\right)^3-125=0\)
\(\left(x-1\right)^3=125\)
\(x-1=5\)
\(x=6\)
Vậy \(S=\left\{6\right\}\)
\(c.\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y +2\right)^2=0\)
\(Do\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0\forall x;\left(y+2\right)^2\ge0\forall y\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2\ge0\forall x,y\)
Mà \(\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-1\right)^2=0\\\left(y+2\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\y+2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(S=\left\{1;-2\right\}\)
\(d.x^2-4x+4+x^2-2xy+y^2=0\)
\(\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(x-y\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-2\right)^2=0\\\left(x-y\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-2=0\\x-y=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(S=\left\{2;2\right\}\)
\(a,\Leftrightarrow\left(9x^2-18x+9\right)+\left(y^2-6y+9\right)+\left(2z^2+4z+2\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow9\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-3\right)^2+2\left(z+1\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=3\\z=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(b,\Leftrightarrow\left(4x^2+8xy+4y^2\right)+\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(y^2+2y+1\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow4\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-y\\x=1\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(c,\Leftrightarrow\left(4x^2+4xy+y^2\right)+\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(y^2+4y+4\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(2x+y\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x=-y\\x=1\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
a,9x^2+y^2+2z^2−18x+4z−6y+20=0
⇔9(x−1)^2+(y−3)^2+2(z+1)^2=0
⇔x=1;y=3;z=−1
b,5x^2+5y^2+8xy+2y−2x+2=0
⇔4(x+y)2+(x−1)2+(y+1)2=0
⇔x=−y;x=1y=−1⇔x=1y=−1
c,5x^2+2y^2+4xy−2x+4y+5=0
⇔(2x+y)^2+(x−1)^2+(y+2)^2=0
⇔2x=−y;x=1;y=−2
⇔x=1;y=−2
d,x^2+4y^2+z^2=2x+12y−4z−14
⇔(x−1)^2+(2y−3)^2+(z+2)^2=0
⇔x=1;y=3/2;z=−2
e: Ta có: x^2−6x+y2+4y+2=0
⇔x^2−6x+9+y^2+4y+4−11=0
⇔(x−3)^2+(y+2)^2=11
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=3 và y=-2
a) \(xy+3x+y=8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(xy+3x\right)+\left(y+3\right)=11\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(y+3\right)+\left(y+3\right)=11\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(y+3\right)=11=1.11=\left(-1\right).\left(-11\right)\)
Ta xét các TH sau:
+ \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+1=1\\y+3=11\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=0\\y=8\end{cases}}\)
+ \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+1=11\\y+3=1\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=10\\y=-2\end{cases}}\)
+ \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+1=-1\\y+3=-11\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-2\\y=-14\end{cases}}\)
+ \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+1=-11\\y+3=-1\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-12\\y=-4\end{cases}}\)
Vậy ta có 4 cặp số (x;y) thỏa mãn: (0;8) ; (10;-2) ; (-2;-14) ; (-12;-4)
a. xy + 3x + y = 8
=> x ( y + 3 ) + ( y + 3 ) = 8 + 3 = 11
=> ( x + 1 ) ( y + 3 ) = 11
x + 1 | y + 3 | x | y |
11 | 1 | 10 | - 2 |
1 | 11 | 0 | 8 |
- 11 | - 1 | - 12 | - 4 |
- 1 | - 11 | - 2 | - 14 |
Vậy các cặp ( x ; y ) thỏa mãn đề bài là ( 10 ; - 2 ) ; ( 0 ; 8 ) ; ( - 12 ; - 4 ) ; ( - 2 ; - 14 )
b. Không rõ đề
PT \(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2x+1+y^2-4y+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2=0\)
Thấy : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0\\\left(y-2\right)^2\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2\ge0\)
- Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\y-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy ...
x2+y2-2x-4y+5=0
<=>(x2-2x+1)+(y2-4y+4)=0
<=>(x-1)2+(y-2)2=0
tổng 2 số ko âm=0 <=>chúng đều=0
<=>x=1;y=2