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A. Choose the one option (a, b, c or d) that best completes the passage. Environmental pollution is a term that (1) __________to all the ways by which man pollutes his surroundings. Man dirties the air with (2) __________gases and smoke, (3)__________ the water with chemicals and other substances, and damages the (4) ____________with too many fertilizers and pesticides. Man also pollutes his the surounding (5)_________ various other ways. For example, people ruin natural beauty by (6)__________junk and litter on the land and in the water. Environmental pollution is one of the most serious problems facing of all mankind today. Air, water, and soil are necessary to the (7)________of all living things. Badly polluted air can cause illness, and (8) _________dead. Polluted water kills fish and other (9)_______life. Pollution of soil reduces the amount of land that is available for growing food. Environmental pollution also brings uglincss to man's (10) __________beautiful world. d. reduces d. influen
1. a. means d. reduces b. refers c. provides
2. a. thick b. natural c. exhaust d. ìnluent
3. a. purifies b. pumps c. sprays d. contaminates
4. a. soil c. streets d. beaches b. forests
5. a. on C.by d. with b. in
6. a. spoiling d. gathering b. leaving c. scattering
7. a. survival b. environment c. development d. growth
8. a. so d. even b. ever c. too
9. a. animal b. marine c. human. d.plant
10. a. natureb. natural c. naturally d. natured
Choose the word (A, B,C or D) that best completes the following passage.
Environmental (41)……………is one of the most serious problems (42)……………mankind today. Air, water and soil are necessary to the survival of all (43)………………things. Badly polluted air can (44)………………illness and even death. Polluted water (45)…………… many kinds of wild animals and other marine life. Pollution of soil reduces the amount of land (46) ……………growing food.
41.A. pollute B. polluted C. pollution D. polluting
42.A. face B. faces C. to face D. facing
43.A. lived B. living C. live D. lives
44.A. cause B. give C. make D. catch
45.A. kills B. kill C. are killing D. doesn’t kill
46.A. of B. to C. from D. for
Environmental pollution is one of the most (24)______problems of mankind today.Air, and soil are necessary to all (25) |_______ things. Man operates machines and vehicles (26)_________fill the air with noise. They also dirty the air with gases and smoke. (27) ________ polluted air can cause illness and even death. Man destroys natural beauty by (28) ________ garbage on the land and in the water. They poison the water (29)_______ chemicals and other substances. Polluted water lkills fish and other marine life. They damage the soil with too many(30)________ and pesticides. Governments should pass laws that (31)________ people and factory to stop certain polluting activities.
24. a. careful b. simple c. serious d. specia
25. a. live b. lively c. alive d. living
26. a. what b. that c. these d. those
27. a. Badly b. Hardly c. Mostly d. Mainly
28. a. picking b. collecting c. clearing d. littering
29. a. by b. with c. in d. to
30. a. fertilize b. fertility c. fertilizers d. fertilization
31. a. require b. advise c. suggest d. offer
B. Read the text carefully, then choose the correct answers.
More than two hundred years ago, the term 'environmental pollution was quite strange to people. They lived healthily, drank pure water, and breathed fresh air. Nowadays, the situation is quite different. People all over the world are worried about things that are happening to the envi Actually it is man that is destroying the surroundings with many kinds of wastes. Everybody knows that motorbikes and cars emit dangerous gases that cause poisonous air and cancer, but no one wants to travel on foot or by bicycle. Manufactures know that wastes from factories make water and soil polluted, but they do not want to spend a lot of their money on treating the wastes safely. Scattering garbage is bad for our health, but no one wants to spend time burying it. Is it worth talking a lot about pollution?
1. More than two hundred years ago
a. the environment was polluted as much as it is today
b. people knew nothing about environmental pollution
c. air was polluted badly
d. people were faced with pollution
2. Nowadays, many people are concerned about the
b. the polluted water
a.the poisonous air
c. the wastes from the factories
d. the environmental pollution
3. According to the passage, people know that mortorbikes and cars emit dangerous gases
a. so they do not travel by motorbikes and cars
b. so they prefer traveling by bicycles
c. but they still prefer traveling by mbtorbikes. and cars
d. and they enjoy traveling on foot
4. Factory owners
a. know nothing about pollution
b. pollute water and soil
c spend a lot of money on treating wastes
d. don't treat industrial waste safely
5. Which of the followings is not true?
a. in former days, people led a healthy life.
b. People have no awareness of the dangerous of pollution
c. Water is now heavily contaminated by industrial waste
d. It's harmful for our health if rubbish is spreaded over our areas
1 It is environmental pollution
2 They are air pollution, water pollution and soil pollution
3 I can clean the beach my neighborhood to protect the environment
Today, population growth largely means urban population growth. United Nation (UN) (0. PROJECT)_projections___ show the world’s rural population has already stopped growing, but the world can expect to add close to 1.5 billion (1. URBAN)__urbanites__ in the next 15 years, and 3 billion by 2050. How the world meets the challenge of sustainable development will be (2. INTIMACY)_intimately__ tied to this process.
For many people, cities represent a world of new opportunities, including jobs. There is a powerful link between urbanization and economic growth. Around the world, tows and cities are responsible for over 80 per cent of the gross national product. While urban poverty is growing around the world, this is largely because many people – including the poor – are moving to urban areas.
The opportunities there extend beyond just jobs. Cities also offer greater opportunities for (3. SOCIETY)_social___ mobilization and women’s empowerment. Many young people, especially young women, regard the move to cities as an opportunity to escape traditional patriarchy and experience new freedoms. Urban areas also offer greater access to education and health services, including sexual and reproductive health care, further (4. PROMOTE)__promoting__ women’s empowerment and the realization of their reproductive right. This contributes to significantly reduces (5. FERTILE)_fertility__ in urban areas changing the trajectory of overall population growth.
This process, which is particularly (6. PRONUNCIATION)__pronounced__ in Africa and Asia, where much of the world’s population growth is taking place, is also an enormous opportunity for sustainability if the right policies are put in place. Urban living has the potential to use resources more (7. EFFICIENCY)_efficiently__, to create more sustainable land use and to protect the (8. DIVERSE) _biodiversity__ of natural ecosystems.
Still, the face of (9. EQUAL)_inequality__ is increasingly an urban one. Too many urban residents grapple with extreme poverty, (10. EXCLUDE)__exclusion___, vulnerability and marginalization.
Environmental pollution is one of the most serious problems facing (1) mankind today. Air, water and soil are necessary to the survival of all living things. Badly polluted air can cause illness and even death. (2) Polluted water kills fish and other marine life. Pollution (3) of soil reduces the amount of land for growing food. Environmental pollution also brings ugliness to man’s (4) natural beautiful world.