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Bài 9.
d) \(a^2+b^2+c^2=ab+bc+ca\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ca=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-2ab+b^2+b^2-2bc+c^2+c^2-2ca+a^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a-b=0\\b-c=0\\c-a=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\).
Bài 10.
\(x^2+y^2-2x+4y+5=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2x+1+y^2+4y+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x-1=0\\y+2=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=-2\end{cases}}\).
Bài 3:
a) \(\left(2-3x\right)^2-\left(3-x\right)^2=\left[\left(2-3x\right)-\left(3-x\right)\right]\left[\left(2-3x\right)+\left(3-x\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(-1-2x\right)\left(5-4x\right)\)
b) \(49\left(x-3\right)^2-9\left(x+2\right)^2\)
\(=\left[7\left(x-3\right)\right]^2-\left[3\left(x+2\right)\right]^2\)
\(=\left[\left(7x-21\right)-\left(3x+6\right)\right]\left[\left(7x-21\right)+\left(3x+6\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(4x-27\right)\left(10x-15\right)\)
c) \(2xy-x^2-y^2+16=16-\left(x-y\right)^2=\left(16-x+y\right)\left(16+x-y\right)\)
d) \(2\left(x-3\right)+3\left(x^2-9\right)=2\left(x-3\right)+3\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)\)
\(=\left(x-3\right)\left(3x+11\right)\)
e) \(16x^2-\left(x^2+4\right)^2=\left(4x-x^2-4\right)\left(4x+x^2+4\right)\)
\(=-\left(x-2\right)^2\left(x+2\right)^2\)
f) \(1-2x+2yz+x^2-y^2-z^2=\left(x-1\right)^2-\left(y-z\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x-1-y+z\right)\left(x-1+y-z\right)\)
Bài 5:
a) \(x^2+4x-5=x^2-x+5x-5=x\left(x-1\right)+5\left(x-1\right)=\left(x+5\right)\left(x-1\right)\)
b) \(2x^2-14x+20=2x^2-4x-10x+20=2x\left(x-2\right)-10x\left(x-2\right)=2\left(x-5\right)\left(x-2\right)\)
c) \(3x^2+8x+5=3x^2+3x+5x+5=3x\left(x+1\right)+5\left(x+1\right)=\left(3x+5\right)\left(x+1\right)\)
d) \(6x^2-xy-7y^2=6x^2+6xy-7xy-7y^2=6x\left(x+y\right)-7y\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(6x-7y\right)\left(x+y\right)\)
Bài 4:
a) \(x^3-6x^2+12x-8=x^3-2.3.x^2+3.2^2.x-2^3=\left(x-2\right)^3\)
b) \(\left(x-1\right)^3+\left(3-x\right)^3=\left(x-1+3-x\right)\left[\left(x-1\right)^2-\left(x-1\right)\left(3-x\right)+\left(3-x\right)^2\right]\)
\(=2\left(x^2-2x+1+x^2-4x+3+x^2-6x+9\right)\)
\(=2\left(3x^2-12x+13\right)\)
c) \(x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz=\left(x+y\right)^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)+z^3-3xyz\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)^3-3z\left(x+y\right)\left(x+y+z\right)-3xy\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left[\left(x+y+z\right)^2-3xy-3yz-3zx\right]\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-zx\right)\)
\(4,=3x^2-3x+7x-7=\left(x-1\right)\left(3x+7\right)\\ 5,=4x^2-4xy+9xy-9y^2=\left(x-y\right)\left(4x+9y\right)\\ 6,=\left(x-2y\right)\left(x+2y\right)-2\left(x+2y\right)=\left(x+2y\right)\left(x-2y-2\right)\)
1: \(x^2+2x-3=\left(x+3\right)\left(x-1\right)\)
2: \(x^2+3x-10=\left(x+5\right)\left(x-2\right)\)
3: \(x^2-x-12=\left(x-4\right)\left(x+3\right)\)