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One definition of what separates us from other species is our ability to construct narratives from our random thoughts, memories, and imaginings. We are a species of storytellers. How and why we construct stories remains a mystery, one being explored by biologists, anthropologists, psychologists, neuroscientists, and researchers in semiotics and linguistics. One common thread in the research is that stories help us make sense of our lives.
The Lion and Hunter (c. 1840s) by Grandville (1803-1847)
Source: Public Domain
Brian Boyd, author of On the Origin of Stories: Evolution, Cognition, and Fiction, suggests that we are hard-wired to tell stories. Boyd argues that art, in general, and fiction, in particular, have evolved from cognitive play and serve an evolutionary survival function. Our oldest stories, our myths and fairy tales — the story about the hunter and the stealthy lion, or the one about the fox and his invisible cape — may have determined whether our primordial ancestors lived or died. Over time, these stories have become embedded in the warp and woof of our culture, and while the danger of a humanly cunning lion may no lo nger fit our lifestyle, we get the point. Viewed literally, lions can maim us; taken symbolically, understanding and honoring the ways of an intelligent and powerful predator might help us navigate certain obstacles in our lives.
I’ve recently written several blogs about fairy tales. Fairy tales present simple stories that are still relevant as guides to the archetypal patterns in our unconscious minds. They are also teaching stories and cautionary tales that speak to the mythopoeic in our psyches, that aspect of our minds that think in metaphor and symbol. Like our ancestors who lived closer to nature, and like the cosmologies of many indigenous peoples, we, too, have the capacity to experience a tree as a spirit helper or a demon or a bewitched prince. While the earliest folk tales emerged from peoples who possessed a less sophisticated notion of the world, their repertoire of emotions and the stories they wove around them were not dissimilar to our own. Greed, loneliness, jealousy, sorrow — these continue to be our human burden. Cinderella, Bluebeard, Sleeping Beauty are our contemporaries, their journeys to selfhood or self-destruction familiar to our modern souls.
Rohata Princezna (Princess with Horns) (1920s) by Artuš Scheiner (1863-1938) from Under Command Of Magic by J. Š. Kubín.
Source: Under Command of/ Magic by J. Š. Kubín (1920s)/Public Domain
One way to more fully experience the wisdom of fairy tales is to write your own. Through objectifying the contents of our unconscious by drawing, sculpting, writing, dancing, we find the healing symbols within. The Red Book is a record of Carl Jung’s own plunge into an almost psychotic state after his break with Sigmund Freud in 1913. Characters from his unconscious welled up in his conscious mind. Methodically, with terror and fortitude, he recorded his dialogues with these characters as if they were flesh and blood and Jung even painted images that illustrated his experiences with them. Jung sometimes feared during this period that he was toppling into a psychotic state, but by working consciously with these figures, he found he was able to hear their wisdom “from the other side.” These encounters later lead to his theory of Active Imagination, which he somewhat describes in this advice to an analysand about working with her dreams.
Tham khảo
Big C Supermarket
Located in Hanoi, about 10 kilometres from city center.
We can get there by any vehicles (bike, motorbike, car, bus, ...)
Opening hours: Everyday 8:00 - 22:00
We go Big C Supermarket to buy goods with lower prices.
I don't like Big C Supermarket because it always crowded.
Go Supermarket (Siêu thị GO)
Located in Binh Duong, about 2 kilometres from city center.
(Tọa lạc ở Bình Dương, khoảng 2 ki-lô-mét từ trung tâm thành phố.)
We can get there by any vehicles (bike, motorbike, car, bus, ...)
(Chúng ta có thể đến đó bằng bất cứ phương tiện nào (xe đạp, xe máy, ô tô, xe buýt, …)
Opening hours: Everyday 8:00 - 22:00
(Giờ mở cửa: Hằng ngày từ 8 giờ đến 22 giờ.)
We go Go Supermarket to buy goods with lower prices.
(Chúng tôi đến Siêu thị Go mua hàng với giá thấp hơn.)
I like Go Supermarket because it has a wide range of products to choose from.
(Tôi thích Siêu thị Go vì nó đa dạng hàng hóa để lựa.)
I don't like Go Supermarket because it’s always crowded.
(Tôi không thích Siêu thị Go vì nó luôn đông đúc.)
Tham khảo:
Many people think that the intelligent machine could substitute teacher's responsibilities in the classroom. This way of thinking is totally disagreed. In this essay, Limitation of AI technology in educational system, as well as different methods to communicate rather than original one (face to face) will be provided. There are several constriants of substituing instructors by AI. The machine can not develop a profound relationship with students as it is non-physical system; for example, when the students need to talk with instructor in leizure time, AI is incapable in generating conversation. Hence, connection between students and the machine is likely being failure. Moreover, there is an issue with the student's concentration. the smart machine is not capable with controlling learner because it was given the logical coding for teaching only. Therefore, in this point of view, it is obvious that why smart machine is not suitable for entire educational system.
I agree that robots will soon replace teachers at school. First, robot can better remember things than teachers. For example, teachers sometimes forget to mark the students’ works, but robot teachers can remember it well and finish doing the marking on time. Second, robots provides variety of educational methods including interactive ones. This makes the pupils focus more on the lesson and memorize it better. Finally, if a robotic machine is the subject mentor of a classroom, pupil will be unafraid, and therefore give less seriousness in the study. Overall, I totally agree that robot will soon teach at school.
Tạm dịch:
Tôi đồng ý rằng rô bốt sẽ sớm thay thế chỗ của giáo viên ở trường. Đầu tiên thì rô bốt có thể nhớ mọi thứ tốt hơn giáo viên. Ví dụ như đôi khi giáo viên quên chấm bài cho học sinh, nhưng rô bốt có thể nhớ tốt và hoàn thành việc chấm bài đúng giờ. Thứ hai, rô bốt có thể cung cấp đa dạng các phương pháp giáo dục, kể cả những phương pháp có tính tương tác. Điều này giúp học sinh tập trung vào bài học và ghi nhớ nó tốt hơn. Cuối cùng, nếu một người máy là cố vấn học tập trong một lớp, thì học sinh sẽ bớt e dè hơn và không khí học tập sẽ ít căng thẳng hơn. Tóm tại, tôi đồng ý rằng rô bốt sẽ sớm được dạy ở trường.
Fairy tales are very good for children beacuse of some reasons. Firstly, they boost a child's imagination and cultural literacy. A child's imagation is a powerful and unique thing. It's not only used to make up stories and games, it;s a key factor in their creative thoughts and can define the type of education, career and life they have. Fairy tales often include difference cultures and ways of doing things. They teach children about cultural difference in the world outside. Then, they gift children a curiosity to learn new things and experience new places.
Secondly, fairy tales teach children right from wrong. It;s always in a fairytales's DNA to have a strong moral lesson, a fight between good and evil, love and loss, and these lessons rub off on our children. Fairy tales teach children that good persons will always win and, while this may not be true in aspects of the of the real world, the lesson is simple and important. Be the hero, not the villain, Learn to hope for better.
1. How many main advantages of fairy tales are mentioned in the passage?
2
2. What does the writer say about children's imagination?
A child's imagation is a powerful and unique thing.
3. According to the writer, what do fairy tales often include?
Fairy tales often include difference cultures and ways of doing things
4. What do fairy tales tech children?
Fairy tales teach children that good persons will always win and They teach children about cultural difference in the world outside.
5. What does a fairy tale aways have?
a strong moral lesson
Fairy tales are very good for children beacuse of some reasons. Firstly, they boost a child's imagination and cultural literacy. A child's imagation is a powerful and unique thing. It's not only used to make up stories and games, it;s a key factor in their creative thoughts and can define the type of education, career and life they have. Fairy tales often include difference cultures and ways of doing things. They teach children about cultural difference in the world outside. Then, they gift children a curiosity to learn new things and experience new places.
Secondly, fairy tales teach children right from wrong. It;s always in a fairytales's DNA to have a strong moral lesson, a fight between good and evil, love and loss, and these lessons rub off on our children. Fairy tales teach children that good persons will always win and, while this may not be true in aspects of the of the real world, the lesson is simple and important. Be the hero, not the villain, Learn to hope for better.
1. How many main advantages of fairy tales are mentioned in the passage?
=> There are twom main advantages of fairy tales are mentioned in the passage
2. What does the writer say about children's imagination?
=> The writer say about a powerful and unique thing
3. According to the writer, what do fairy tales often include?
=> Fairy tales often include difference cultures and ways of doing things.
4. What do fairy tales tech children?
=> They teach children about cultural difference in the world outside. Then, they gift children a curiosity to learn new things and experience new places.
5. What does a fairy tale aways have?
=> A fairy tale always have a strong moral lesson, a fight between good and evil, love and loss, and these lessons rub off on our children.
* Suggestions:
- Reduce the use of plastic bags.
- Plant and preserve trees.
- Use clean energy.
- Use natural materials.
- Use sunlight.
1. He hated being in the army where he had to obey commands.
2. You had better take the keys in case I'm out.
3. The beloved tale of Cinderella is one of the world’s best-known fairy tales, renowned as a ‘happily ever after’ story.
4. Little Red Riding Hood’s mother sent her to Grandma’s house with a basket of goodies and told her to not talk to strangers.
5. The fog turned into a handsome prince, married the princess and they lived happily ever after
______________
Exercise 9: Use the correct forms of the words given
1. It is considered (polite)..........impolite............to address an elder with his or her given name.
2. The children in our family are always (respect)........respectful...............to their elders.
3. Custom (different)............differs..................from tradition in some aspects such as scale and time.
4. Don’t use your personal chopsticks to get food from the (serve).........serving.............dish.
5. Many families have three (generate).............generations..........,which create unique cultural features.
Write full sentences,using the words and phrases provided.You can add some words or make changes
1 The dragon/fly/over the tower /he/hear/the princess/cry/for help
The dragon was flying over the tower when he heard the princess cried for help
2 We /have/take/shoes/when/we/inside/pagoda
We have to take our shoes when we go inside a pagoda.
3 Life/the countryside/changed/a lot/the/ten/years
Life in the countryside has changed a lot over the past ten years
4 Reading/fairy tales/young children/can/be/benificial
Reading fairy tales to young children can be very beneficial