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2.+ \(\left(2n+1\right)^2=4n^2+4n+1>4n^2+4n\)
\(\Rightarrow2n+1>\sqrt{4n\left(n+1\right)}=2\sqrt{n\left(n+1\right)}\)
+ \(\frac{1}{\left(2n+1\right)\left(\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n+1}\right)}=\frac{\left(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\right)\left(\sqrt{n+1}+\sqrt{n}\right)}{\left(2n+1\right)\left(\sqrt{n+1}+\sqrt{n}\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}}{2n+1}< \frac{\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}}{2\sqrt{n\left(n+1\right)}}=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)\)
Do đó : \(A< \frac{1}{2}\left(1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{48}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{49}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \frac{1}{2}\)
1. + \(\frac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}}=\frac{\left(n+1\right)-n}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}}=\frac{\left(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\right)\left(\sqrt{n+1}+\sqrt{n}\right)}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}}\)
\(< \frac{\left(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\right)\cdot2\sqrt{n+1}}{\sqrt{n}\left(n+1\right)}=2\cdot\frac{n+1-\sqrt{n\left(n+1\right)}}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}}=2\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)\)
Do đó : \(A< 2\left(1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2012}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2013}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A< 2\)
Bài 2 tạm thời chưa nghĩ ra :))
Đặt B là tên biểu thức
Với mọi n thuộc N*, ta có:
\(\frac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}}=\frac{\sqrt{n}}{n\left(n+1\right)}=\sqrt{n}\left(\frac{1}{n}-\frac{1}{n+1}\right)=\sqrt{n}\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)\)
\(=\left(1+\frac{\sqrt{n}}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)< 2\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)\) (*)
Áp dụng (*), ta được:
\(B< 2\left(1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{4}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2011}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2012}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2012}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2013}}\right)\)
\(=2\left(1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2013}}\right)=2-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2013}}< 2\)
ĐKXĐ: Bạn tự làm nha
\(P=\frac{x^2-\sqrt{x}}{x+\sqrt{x}+1}-\frac{2x+\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}}+\frac{2\left(x-1\right)}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)
\(=\frac{x^2-\sqrt{x}}{x+\sqrt{x}+1}-\frac{\sqrt{x}\left(2\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{\sqrt{x}}+\frac{2\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)
\(=\frac{x^2-\sqrt{x}}{x+\sqrt{x}+1}-\left(2\sqrt{x}+1\right)+2\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\)
\(=\frac{x^2-\sqrt{x}}{x+\sqrt{x}+1}-2\sqrt{x}-1+2\sqrt{x}+2\)
\(=\frac{x^2-\sqrt{x}}{x+\sqrt{x}+1}+1\)
\(=\frac{x^2-\sqrt{x}+x+\sqrt{x}+1}{x+\sqrt{x}+1}\)
\(=\frac{x^2+x+1}{x+\sqrt{x}+1}\)
\(B=\left(\frac{\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a}-1}-\frac{1}{a-\sqrt{a}}\right):\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}+1}-\frac{2}{a-1}\right)\)
\(=\left(\frac{\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a}-1}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}\right):\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}+1}-\frac{2}{\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}\right)\)
\(=\frac{a-1}{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}:\frac{1\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)-2}{\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)}{\sqrt{a}}.\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}{\sqrt{a}-1-2}\)
\(=\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)\left(a-1\right)}{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}-3\right)}\)
Bài 1:
Xét tử số:
\(\sqrt{14+6\sqrt{5}}-\sqrt{14-6\sqrt{5}}=\sqrt{3^2+5+2.3\sqrt{5}}-\sqrt{3^2+5-2.3\sqrt{5}}\)
\(=\sqrt{(3+\sqrt{5})^2}-\sqrt{(3-\sqrt{5})^2}=3+\sqrt{5}-(3-\sqrt{5})=2\sqrt{5}\)
Xét mẫu số:
\(\sqrt{(\sqrt{5}+1)\sqrt{6-2\sqrt{5}}}=\sqrt{(\sqrt{5}+1)\sqrt{5+1-2\sqrt{5}}}=\sqrt{(\sqrt{5}+1)\sqrt{(\sqrt{5}-1)^2}}\)
\(=\sqrt{(\sqrt{5}+1)(\sqrt{5}-1)}=\sqrt{4}=2\)
Do đó: $A=\frac{2\sqrt{5}}{2}=\sqrt{5}$
\(a,\left(1+\frac{a-\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a}-1}\right)\left(1-\frac{a+\sqrt{a}}{1+\sqrt{a}}\right)=\left(1+\frac{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}{\sqrt{a}-1}\right)\left(1-\frac{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)}{\sqrt{a}+1}\right)\)
\(=\left(1+\sqrt{a}\right)\left(1-\sqrt{a}\right)=1^2-\sqrt{a}^2=1-a\)
\(b,\left(2-\frac{a-3\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a}-3}\right)\left(2-\frac{5\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{ab}}{\sqrt{b}-5}\right)=\left(2-\frac{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}-3\right)}{\sqrt{a}-3}\right)\left(2-\frac{-\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{b}-5\right)}{\sqrt{b}-5}\right)\)
\(=\left(2-\sqrt{a}\right)\left(2+\sqrt{a}\right)=2^2-\sqrt{a}^2=2-a\)
\(c,\left(3+\frac{a-2\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a}-2}\right)\left(3-\frac{3a+\sqrt{a}}{3\sqrt{a}+1}\right)=\left(3+\frac{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}-2\right)}{\sqrt{a}-2}\right)\left(3-\frac{\sqrt{a}\left(3\sqrt{a}+1\right)}{3\sqrt{a}+1}\right)\)
\(=\left(3+\sqrt{a}\right)\left(3-\sqrt{a}\right)=3^2-\sqrt{a}^2=3-a\)
\(d,\left(\frac{a-\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a}-1}+2\right)\left(2-\frac{\sqrt{a}+a}{1+\sqrt{a}}\right)=\left(\frac{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}{\sqrt{a}-1}+2\right)\left(2-\frac{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)}{\sqrt{a}+1}\right)\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{a}+2\right)\left(2-\sqrt{a}\right)=2^2-\sqrt{a}^2=2-a\)