Question

[Leenh]

Làm hộ em 2 bài với ạ !!!

Answer 1

[๖ۣۜDũ๖ۣۜN๖ۣۜG]

Y chứa \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3:2a\left(mol\right)\\K_2SO_4:a\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al^{3+}}=4a\left(mol\right)\\n_{K^+}=2a\left(mol\right)\\n_{SO_4^{2-}}=7a\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Ba^{2+}}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{OH^-}=2x\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

- Nếu Z chứa K₂SO₄

Ba²⁺ + SO₄^2- --> BaSO₄

x----->x------------>x

Al³⁺ + 3OH^- --> Al(OH)₃

4a-->12a------>4a

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{K_2SO_4}=n_{SO_4^{2-}\left(còn\right)}=7a-x=0,02\\n_{OH^-}=12a=2x\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> a = 0,02; x = 0,12

=> Y chứa \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3:0,04\left(mol\right)\\K_2SO_4:0,02\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{K_2SO_4.Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3.24H_2O}=0,02\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,02\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> m₁ = 0,02.948 + 0,02.342 = 25,8(g)

m₂ = 233.0,12 + 0,08.78 = 34,2 (g)

\(n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=0,12\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(V=\dfrac{0,12}{2}=0,06\left(l\right)=60\left(ml\right)\)

- Nếu Z chứa KAlO₂

Ba²⁺ + SO₄^2- --> BaSO₄

x----->x---------->x

Al³⁺ + 3OH^- --> Al(OH)₃

4a--->12a----->4a

Al(OH)₃  +   OH^-   -->  AlO₂^- + 2H₂O

(2x-12a)<-(2x-12a)->(2x-12a)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{KAlO_2}=n_{AlO_2^-}=2x-12a=0,02\\n_{KAlO_2}=n_{K^+}=2a=0,02\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> a = 0,01; x = 0,07 

=> Y chứa \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3:0,02\left(mol\right)\\K_2SO_4:0,01\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{K_2SO_4.Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3.24H_2O}=0,01\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,01\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> m₁ = 0,01.948 + 0,01.342 = 12,9(g)

Kết tủa gồm \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}BaSO_4:0,07\left(mol\right)\\Al\left(OH\right)_3:0,02\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> m₂ = 0,07.233 + 0,02.78 = 17,87 (g)

\(V=\dfrac{0,07}{2}=0,035\left(l\right)=35\left(ml\right)\)

Answer 2

[๖ۣۜDũ๖ۣۜN๖ۣۜG]

m_{khí, hơi} = 3,552 - 0,96 = 2,592

\(n_{KOH}=\dfrac{1,344.100}{100.56}=0,024\left(mol\right)\)

m_{dd sau pư} = 100 + 2,592 = 102,592 (g)

Gọi công thức của muối cần tìm là K_aX

=> \(n_{K_aX}=\dfrac{0,024}{a}\left(mol\right)\)

Có: \(m_{muối}=\dfrac{2,363.102,592}{100}=2,42425\left(g\right)\)

=> \(M_{K_aX}=39a+M_X=\dfrac{2,42425}{\dfrac{0,024}{a}}\left(g/mol\right)\)

=> M_X = 62a (g/mol)

Xét a = 1 => M_X = 62 (NO₃)

Xét a = 2,3 => Loại

\(n_{KNO_3}=0,024\left(mol\right)\)

Gọi CTHH của muối là A(NO₃)_n.qH₂O

Bảo toàn N: \(n.n_{A\left(NO_3\right)n.qH_2O}=0,024\left(mol\right)\)

Bảo toàn A: \(n_{A\left(NO_3\right)_n.qH_2O}=n_{A_xO_y}=\dfrac{0,96}{x.M_A+16y}\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(n.\dfrac{0,96}{x.M_A+16y}=0,024\) 

=> 0,024.x.M_A + 0,384y = 0,96n

( Do hóa trị không đổi nên \(n=\dfrac{2y}{x}\))

- Nếu \(n=\dfrac{2y}{x}=1\) => M_A = 12 (Loại)

- Nếu \(n=\dfrac{2y}{x}=2\) => M_A = 64 (Cu)

- Nếu \(n=\dfrac{2y}{x}=3\) => M_A = 36 (Loại)

=> CTHH của muối là Cu(NO₃)₂.qH₂O

\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{0,96}{80}=0,012\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(n_{Cu\left(NO_3\right)_2.qH_2O}=0,015\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(M_{Cu\left(NO_3\right)_2.qH_2O}=\dfrac{3,552}{0,012}=296\left(g/mol\right)\)

=> q = 6

=> CTHH: Cu(NO₃)₂.6H₂O