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V. Use the correct form of the words given in the brackets to complete the passage.
41. (CONSTRUCT) __Construction___of the Bamboo Organ was begun in 1816 by a Spanish 42. (MISSION) ___missionary__ Diego Cera. Why was bamboo used? 43. (CONSIDER) ___considering___the relative 44. (POOR)___poverty___ of the area, perhaps the need to use 45.(EXPENSE) ___inexpensive___ materials was a factor. Moreover, the 46. (MAKE)___maker___ of the organ no doubt desired to use appropriate 47. (LOCALLY) local materials. In 1916, bamboos were cut and buried under the sand of the seashore for about a year. Those that survived this 48 (EXPOSE) ____exposer__ to insects and the elements were considered of durable quality and used in 49 (BUILD) ___building___ building the organ. Over the next several years, the 50. (VARIETY) ____various___ parts of the organ were put together. When the bulk of it was finished in 1821, it was proclaimed “the finest and the first of its kinds in the country”.
VI. Fill each blank with a suitable word to complete the following passage.
New Zealand enjoys a (51)___range___of temperatures approximate to (52)__those____experienced by Australia’s eastern seaboard. Free from the influence (53)___of___anydose land mass, yearly temperature variations are smaíỉ approximate 10°c (54)___variation___between winter and summer.The north of the country (55)___tends___to be subtropical and the south, temperate. Mountain ranges (56)___extend___down much of the length of New Zealand, (57) ___with__ the regions lying west of the ranges (58) __experiencing___ much higher rainfall (59)___than___ those to the east. The drier eastern regions average over 2000 hours of sunshine a year and contain the main wine-growing areas and summer resorts.Snow is largely confined to the alpine areas of the central North Island and SouthAlps, though it can fall to (60)___low___level in the deep south for a day or so at a time.
refer
We all know stories about people with exceptional memories who have the ability to remember hundreds of numbers after hearing them only once .Now experts are saying that such feats can be taught.
For example, most people can repeat about nine numbers if they are read out one a second. In one experiment, ten hours' training produced only a small improvement, but the results after practising for a thousand hours were amazing: some people remembered 80 ar even 100 numbers. Similarly, most adults can identify only about five out of a set of 21 colours that are only slightly different. But after 80 training hours one person could recognise 18 of them. Studies of 76 major composers show that it took at least ten years of musical training before any of them wrote a major work. Psychologists are therefore raising the possibility that genius is the product of teaching
Exercise 28 HEALTHY EATING
In the past, any mother would be (0).........proud..........if PRIDE
her children were round and slightly fat. Those
days are gone. (1)........Researchers.............have now reached the RESEARCH
(2)........conclusion........that too much fat and sugar in her children's CONCLUDE
diets are a major factor in the (3)..........development..........of heart DEVELOP
diseases and other(4)............illnesses.............when they are older. ILL
However, (5)................growing ......children need to eat a wide GROW
range of foods, and their general health could
be(6).......... endangered..........by cutting out particular ones. Psychologists DANGER
say that the (7).......... solution ............is not to change SOLVE
eating habits too fast, but to do it (8)........... carefully..........., so CARE
that children do not lose muscle in addition to
fat. Parents should present food a little (9)........... differently........ DIFFERENCE
, spread butter thinly and avoid putting sugar
on the table. Children should also be(10)....... encouraged ...... COURAGE
to take part in sports: this way they will be using
the calories that they have eaten.
Exercise 29 COLLECTING EGGCUPS
People collect a large (0)..........................of objects: VARY
stamps, postcards, dolls. Some people collect
objects which are connected with (1)................. HISTORY
events or with (2)..................people. But one of FAME
the strangest(3).............is that of eggcups. COLLECT
Kenvin Murphy of Bradford in Yorkshire has
10.000 of them. Not (4)..................., his favorite SUPPRISE
eggcup is one in the shape of a (5)................... Yorkshire man TYPE
. Kenvin's hobby began seven years ago
, after he (6)..................an elephant eggcup to LOAN
a granddaughter who took such a (7)............................ LIKE
to it she insisted on keeping it. Kenvin saw a few
eggcups he liked at a (8)......................at a local shop, SELL
and started collecting them.
Others like Kenvin's eggcup too. " I have just
bought a ( 9)................for one of my favorites, REPLACE
which (10)................disappeared last week, " he said MYSTERY
1. Variety 2. historical 3. famous 4. collection 5. surprisingly
6. Strangest 7. sale 8. Others 9. replacement 10. Mysteriously
1. Read through the text. Then use the words in capital letters below it to form a word that fits each space.
Like all (0) inventors, Elias Howe had sudden '' flashes of (1) inspiration''. His strange dream is just one example of (2) psychological processes that are still beyond our (3) understanding . This is why there is so much (4) disagreements about dreams and what that really are. Dreams have no (5) meaning at the time we have then. Our (6) interpretation of dreams happens after they are over. Some (7) scientists think that our dreams are partly the (8) products of our unconscious minds. Our memory of the dream my be (9) completely different from the dream we (10) actually had.
0. invent 1. inspire 2. psychology 3. understand 4. disagree 5. mean 6. interpret 7. science 8. produce 9. complete 10. actual
2. Rewrite the second sentence in each pair. Use no more thann five words including the word in bold. Do not change this word.
1.'' I'm very busy'', Tom said to Joe. ( told)
Tom told Joe that he was very busy.
2. ''Would you mind coming to my office?'' Tom said to his partner. (asked).
Tom asked if his partner could come to his office.
3. '' Yes, I have a little money in Switzerland.'' , he said. ( admitted)
Tom admitted having a little money in Switzerland.
3. Complete the sentence below with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
Last night I (have) had a very strange dream. In this dream, I was in a restaurant. I ( sit) sat alone and (read) read a book. Suddenly I (look) looked up and (see) saw a man (stare) staring at me. I (look) looked around and (see) saw a lot of other people (sit) sitting at tables near him. They (laugh) laughed and (smile) smiled about something. The waiter (come) came over to me. He (begin) began to smile. I (ask) asked him why he (smile) smiled . The other people (begin) began to laugh even louder. The waiter (point) pointed to my legs. Then I (understand) understood why everybody (laugh) laughed . I (not wear) didn't wear any trousers.
Ten per cent of the population is left-handed. There is a lot of social
(1)..............discrimination........... against left-handed people. How difficult is it for DISCRIMINATE
them to live in a right-handed world?
A number of (2) ................practical......... items such as scissors have been PRACTICE
designed for right-handed people. It can be very (3) .........inconvenient................ CONVENIENT
for lefties” to be sitting next to “righties” during dinner.
(4) ..................Commonly....... used computer keys are on the right of the keyboard. COMMON
Lefties have to use their own sports (5) ............equipment............. . EQUIP
Less (6) ............frequency............... used car controls such as headlight switches FREQUENT
are on the right.
Forcing children to use their right hand can cause (7) .................hatefulness....... HATE
Of school, which can then impact their academic (8) ...........development............. DEVELOP
It can also result in disastrous learning (9) ...........disability..............like dyslexia. ABILITY
Trying to make “lefties” use their right hand can explain their often
rebellious (10) ............behaviour............. at school, their clumsiness and BEHAVE
frustration.
46. oldest
47. evolutionary
48. surprisingly
49. tropical
50. impressive
51. approximately
52. colourful
53. uncommon
54. careless
55. unlikely
V. Read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line. There is an example at the beginning (0).Example: 0. spectacular
DAINTREE RAINFOREST
Rainforests are not only 0 ( spectacle)................ but also provide shelter for lover half the species of plants and animals on Earth. The Daintree Rainforest in Queensland, Australia, is the world's 46 (old) oldest rainforest and is a living record of 47 ( evolution) evolutionary change. It receives vast amounts of rainfall in torrential showers that last for a few hours, with bright sunshine the rest of the time. Temperatures in the forest are 48 ( surprise) surprisingly mild thanks to the towering trees. This 49 (tropic) tropical environment has everything from sandy beaches to 50 (impress) impressive plants and flowers.51 (approximate) Approximately 430 types of birds live among these trees, including 13 species not found anywhere else in the world. The forest is also home to 52 (colour) colourful butterflies, owls, huge lizards, and giant treefrogs. It is not 53 (common) uncommon to see Estuarine crocodiles on the riverbanks - in fact, they are a constant threat to 54 ( care) careless swimmers.The Daintree Rainforest is 55 ( like) unlikely to avoid destruction by theoutside world forever. However, it is of vital importance that we try to protect this amazing natural treasure for as long as we can.
Question 1: Supply the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
- It is crucial that Dido (stop)should stop using Quang Ha.
- I will ring the bell one more. if he (not answer)doesn't answer,I think he must(go) have gone out
- I am sorry about the noise last night. We (have)were having a party.
- The man who (rescue)were rescured had been in the sea for ten hours.
- A great deal of time (be) is spent for his exercise.
- We want (pay)to be paid better wages.
- People are always (blame)blaming their circumstances for what they are.
- You (stop)will be stopped by a policeman if you (try) try to cross the road now.
Question 2: Use the correct form of the words in brackets to complete the following passage.
The families in our streets are slowly being driven mad by the....REFUSAL.....(1- refuse) of the inhabitants of No.13 to have any form of.....COMMUNICATION....(2-communicate) with them. The trouble started over what is known as noise...POLLUTION.....(3 - pollute). Every evening, the......THOUGHTLESS...(4- think) neighbours used to turn up the volume on the TV so loud that no one in the NEIGHBORHOOD (5 - neighbour) was able to hear anything else. Not knowing what...ACTION...(6 - act) to take, local residents held a meeting to see if anyone had any....SUGGESTIONS.....(7 - suggest) as to how to deal with the problem. A decision was made to send a number of people to talk to the family in No. 13 and ask them.....POLITELY....(8- polite) to turn their music down after six in the evening. Unfortunately, the visit did not turn out to be...SUCCESSFUL...(9 - succeed), as the inhabitants of No.13 refused to talk to them. So on the.....ADVICE.....(10 - advise) of local police, the matter is now in the hands of the court.
Question 3: Fill in each numbered blank with a suitable wordWhen you hear the word "bank", what do you think of ? A....PLACE....(1) to put money? The land on the edge of a river? To depend on something or someone ? If you choose any of.....THESE.....(2) things, you're right. Why ? because words often have....MORE....(3) than one meaning. The tricky part is figuring out...WHICH.(4) meaning is appropriate.
Choosing the correct meaning of a word depends on.....TWO...(5) things. First, it depends on the words and...SENTENCES...(6) surrounding your particular word. The other words and sentences give you context clues...SECONDLY...(7), the meaning depends on how the word is...USED..(8) in the sentence. Is it a noun, a verb,..AN.....(9) adjective or part of a phrase? Knowing the word's part of speech will...HELP..(10) you discover the word's precise meaning.
Question 4: Read the text then choose the correct answer
Computing is now at the same stage as printing was when the first printing presses were used. Before printing presses were invented, only rich people like kings and dukes could afford to buy books. Often these people were unable to read and hadn't enough time to learn. In any case, the books were so big that it was difficult for anyone to relax with a book as we do today. They wanted books because they were expensive and there was something magical about them. Only a few people were able to write, and it took an extremely long time to write a book. Monks and other people who could write said ordinary people could not learn to read.The position with computers in very similar today. A few years ago, computers were very large and expensive. Business managers and rich people ordered them but they didn’t know how to use them. In many countries, however, the situation has now completely changed. Lots of people not only own microcomputers but also know how to use them.
1. What happened before printing presses were invented ?
a. Books were so big that people didn’t want to buy them.
b. Only intelligent and rich people could read books.
c. Only kings and dukes had enough money to buy books.
d. All rich people bought books.
2. Why were books wanted before printing presses were invented ?
a. to show that the people who owned the books were rich and intelligent.
b. to show that the people who owned the books could write.
c. Because books were dear and magical.
d. Because books showed that the person who owned them were magical people.
3. What is the common feature of a book and a computer?
a. They were only for intelligent people.
b. They were too expensive to buy.
c. They were large and expensive at first.
d. Only people who could use them buy them.
4. What situation has thoroughly changed nowadays?
a. A lot of people are eager to buy computers
b. A lot of computers are sold
c. Even children can use a computer
d. A person who buys a computer knows how to use it.
Question 6: Do as directed
1. My friend had excellent ideas. He did a good job, too.
(join into one sentence, using not only.....but...as well)
MY FRIEND NOT ONLY HAD EXCELLENT IDEAS BUT HE ALSO DID A GOOD JOB
2. His explanation is not clear. The examples he gives are not clear.
NEITHER HIS EXPLANATION NOR THE EXAMPLES HE GIVE ARE CLEAR(join into one sentence, using: neither...............nor)
3. People say that the price of gold is going up. (change into passive voice.)
THE PRICE OF GOLS IS SAID TO BE GOING UP
4. He asked me: "When will you give this book back to me?"(change into Reported speech)
HE ASKED ME When I WOULD give THAT book back to HIM
5. Seldom did people travel far from home years ago.(Use the ordinary word order)
PEOPLE SELDOM TRAVELLED far from home years ago
6. He was given a gift. So were you.(Join into one sentence, using "as well")
HE AS WELL YOU WAS GIVEN A GIFT
7. You may be intelligent, but you should be careful about this (start with "No matter........"
No matter how intelligent you MAY BE, you should be careful about this
8. He made a great discovery. He was very proud of it.(Combine into one sentence)
He was very proud of MAKING A GREAT DISCOVERY
9. Lan found it difficult to accept the situation. (rewrite with: difficulty)
LAN HAD DIFFICULTY IN ACCEPTING THE SITUATION
10. The farmers had applied new technology in their fields. The output of rice was raised.
(Combine with: Thanks to...........which............)
THANKS TO NEW TECHNOLOGY WHICH The farmers had applied in their fields, The output of rice was raised.
I. Read the text below and choose the correct word for each space.
SAN FRANCISCO
San Francisco lies on the coast of Northern California. The earliest Europeans to discover the area were led by a Spanish explorer (1)______ name was Gaspar de Portola.
He first saw it in 1769. Surprisingly, (2)_____ San Francisco Bay is a wonderful natural harbor, it was discovered by land rather than by sea. In 1849, people (3)_____ in San Francisco in their thousands hoping to find gold. However, it was not the men looking for the gold that got rich. The richest people (4)_____ their money from owning banks and law firms and they built themselves large houses on one of the hills. This was known as Nob Hill.
Nowadays, tourists are attracted to San Francisco because there they can see famous places like Chinatown and the Golden Gate Bridge. Many even (5)_____ the short boat trip to the island of Alcatraz to see the former prison.
1. a. who b. whose c. what d. which
2. a. if b. unless c. although d. despite
3. a. reached b. arrived c. entered d. approached
4. a. did b. became c. made d. brought
5. a. take b. spend c. go d. travel
II. Read the text below and think of the word which best fits eacl space. Use only ONE word in each space. There is an example a the beginning (0)
Example: (0) ...role...
Computers play a (0) role in our everyday lives, sometimes without even realizing it. Consider the use (1)__of___ computers in both shop and offices. Big shops, especially chain stores with branches (2)__all___ over the country, have to deal with very large amounts of information. They have to make (3)___sure__ there are enough goods on the shelves for customers to buy, they need to be able to re-order before stocks (4)__run___ out, to decide which things are selling well and so on. All these processes (5)_____are performed quickly and efficiently by computers.
III. Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. DO NOT CHANGE THE WORD GIVEN. You must use between TWO and FIVE word including the word given.
1. The bread was too stale to eat. fresh
The bread wasn't fresh enough to eat
2. The thief suddenly realized that the police were watching him. watched
The thief suddenly realized that he was beingwatched by the police
3. Andrew set off for the supermarket despite the heavy rain. though
Andrew set off for the supermarket, even though it was raining heavily
4. Nobody apart from my mother throught I would win the race. person
My mother is the only person who thought I would win the race
5. " Would you prefer to have a table by the window?" the waiter asked. we
The waiter asked us if we would prefer to have a table by the window
6. He managed to make some extra money by writing stories. so
He wrote stories so as to make some extra money
7. Be careful or you'll hurt yourself. if
You'll hurt yourself if you aren't careful
8. I'd rather you didn't use that red pen. mind
Would you mind not using that red pen?
9. I'm afraid these jeans have a hole in them. there
I'm afraid that there is a hole in these jeans
10. I've never seen a match as good as this before. match
This is the best match i have ever seen
IV. Complete each sentence with a suitable preposition.
1. Am I expected to know all the telephones__by__heart?
2. You can find details of all our products__on__our website
3. The train will be leaving_in___ a few minutes
4. Hanh can't go to the movies with us tonight. She will have to look___after__her little sister
V. Choose the letter A,B,C or D to show the underlined part that needs correction
1. Mary suggests that(a) he go out(b) for a walk(c) although(d)=>BUT he doesn't want to
2. In(a) Western countries(b) people usually celebrate(c) New Year in(d)=>ON January 1st
3. She finds the work(a) she has to do quite easily(b)=>EASY; boredom(c) is her biggest(d) problem
4. The biologist found some pollutants, a little(a)=>A FEW of which can be considered(b) very harmful to fish(c) and other living(d) organisms
5. I used to like reading(a) books about unexplained(b) things like(c) ghosts and UFOs because(d)=>BUT I have never read any recently
VI. Complete each sentence with the correct form of the verb
1. He (be)__HAS BEEN__ to the theater three times this month
2. I'll walk along the beach while you (bathe)____ARE SUNBATHING_____
3. Just as I (leave) ____WAS LEAVING_____ home for school the telephone rang
4. The only thing I haven't got is a garden. If I (have)___HAD_______ one, I would grow a lot of flowers
5. Avoid (use)_____USING____ the infinitive after the expression "it's no use"
VII. Pronunciation
A. Choose the word whose main stress is placed differently from the others
1. A.throughout B. advance C. sewage D. typhoon
2. A. gemstone B. considerate C. ultimately D. profitable
B. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others
3. A. object B. solar C. logical D. geography
4. A. charged B. replaced C. laughed D. watched
5. A. plaid B. plain C. main D. maid
VIII. Read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of each line to form a word that fits in the space in the same line
WEATHER FORECASTING
before the (invent)____INVENTION___ of instruments to measure weather conditions, people relied on their own observations of the wind and the sky as well as the (behave)___BEHAVIOR______ of birds and animals in connection with different types of weather. Many rhymes that have an association with the weather have become popular over the centuries. In the short term, a saying like " red sky in the morning, sailor's warning'', often proves to be (surprise)___SURPRISINGLY____ accurate. However, is is very unlikely that next year's summer can be predicted from this year's winter. Such predictions can't be considered (use)____USEFUL___ in precise weather forecasting. Proof of this can be (find)_____FOUND__ in past records.
Nowadays, all aspect of the weather such as hours of snshine and rainfall are observed on a daily basic by meteorological stations with specialized equipment
B. Read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of each line to form a word that fits in the space in the same line. Write your answers on the answer sheet.
TEXT 1
(1)_____Contruction_________________ of this bamboo organ was begun in 1816 by a Spanish (2)______________ missionary________ , Diego Cera. Why was bamboo used? (3)_________ Considering________________ the relative (4)____________poverty__________ of the area, perhaps the need to use (5)__________inexpensive____________ materials was a factor. Moreover, the (6)___________maker __________ of the organ no doubt desired to use appropriate (7)_________local____________ materials.
In 1816, bamboos were cut and buried under the sand of the seashore for about a year. Those that survived this (8)_______exposure___________ to insects and the elements were considered of durable quality and used in (9)__________building________ the organ. Over the next several years, the (10)______various____________ parts of the organ were put together. When the bulk of it was finished in 1821, it was proclaimed “the finest and the first of its kind in the country.”
CONTRUCT
MISSION
CONSIDER
POOR
EXPENSE
MAKE
LOCALLY
EXPOSE
BUILD
VARIETY