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Bài 1:
a) \(=\left(x^2+4x+4\right)-1=\left(x+2\right)^2-1=\left(x+1\right)\left(x+3\right)\)
f) \(=\left(x^2-4x+4\right)-9=\left(x-2\right)^2-3^2=\left(x-5\right)\left(x+1\right)\)
h) \(=x^2\left(x-3\right)-4\left(x-3\right)=\left(x-3\right)\left(x^2-4\right)=\left(x-3\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)\)
k) \(=x^3\left(x-1\right)-\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)=\left(x-1\right)\left(x^3-x-1\right)\)
m) \(=\left(x^4+4x^2+4\right)-9=\left(x^2+2\right)^2-9=\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x^2+5\right)=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2+5\right)\)
Bài 2:
a) \(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-\left(x+y\right)=\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y-1\right)\)
e) \(=\left(3x-2y\right)\left(9x^2+6xy+4y^2\right)\)
f) giống câu a
g) \(=x^2-2xy=x\left(x-2y\right)\)
i) \(=\left(x^3-y^3\right)\left(x^3+y^3\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)\)
k) \(=\left(x+1\right)^3-27z^3=\left(x+1-3z\right)\left(x^2+2x+1+3xz+3z+9z^2\right)\)
l) \(=\left(2x+1\right)^2-9y^2=\left(2x+1-3y\right)\left(2x+1+3y\right)\)
a: \(P=\dfrac{8}{x\left(x+4\right)}+\dfrac{5x}{x\left(x+4\right)}-\dfrac{2x+8}{x\left(x+4\right)}=\dfrac{8+5x-2x-8}{x\left(x+4\right)}=\dfrac{3}{x+4}\)
b: Thay x=1/2 vào P, ta được:
P=3:9/2=3x2/9=6/9=2/3
Với khác 0 ; x khác 4
\(P=\dfrac{8+5x-2x-8}{x\left(x+4\right)}=\dfrac{3x}{x\left(x+4\right)}=\dfrac{3}{x+4}\)
Thay x = 1/2 vào P ta được \(\dfrac{3}{\dfrac{1}{2}+4}=\dfrac{3}{\dfrac{9}{2}}=3:\dfrac{9}{2}=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
\(a,=\left(6x+1-6x+1\right)^2=4\\ b,=3x^2-6x-5x+5x^2-8x^2-24=-11x-24\\ c,=14x^2+x-3-5x^2-18x+8-9x^2+17x=5\\ d,=6x^2+43x-40-6x^2-7x+3-36x+27=-10\)
a) \(=\left(6x+1\right)^2-2\left(6x+1\right)\left(6x-1\right)+\left(6x-1\right)^2=\left(6x+1-6x+1\right)^2=2^2=4\)
b) \(=3x^2-6x-5x+5x^2-8x^2+24=-11x+24\)
c) \(\left(7x-3\right)\left(2x+1\right)-\left(5x-2\right)\left(x+4\right)-9x^2+17x=\left(7x-3\right).2x+\left(7x-3\right)-\left[\left(5x-2\right).x+4\left(5x-2\right)\right]-9x^2+17x=14x^2-6x+7x-3-\left(5x^2-2x+20x-8\right)-9x^2+17x=5x^2+18x-3-\left(5x^2+18x-8\right)=5x^2+18x-3-5x^2-18x+8=5\)
d) \(\left(6x-5\right)\left(x+8\right)-\left(3x-1\right)\left(2x+3\right)-9\left(4x-3\right)=\left(6x-5\right).x+8\left(6x-5\right)-\left[\left(3x-1\right).2x+3\left(3x-1\right)\right]-36x+27=6x^2-5x+48x-40-\left(6x^2-2x+9x-3\right)-36x+27=6x^2+7x-13-\left(6x^2+7x-3\right)=6x^2+7x-13-6x^2-7x+3=-10\)
Bài 6
\(a,ĐK:x\ne\pm5\\ b,P=\dfrac{x-5+2x+10-2x-10}{\left(x-5\right)\left(x+5\right)}=\dfrac{x-5}{\left(x-5\right)\left(x+5\right)}=\dfrac{1}{x+5}\\ c,P=-3\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{x+5}=-3\Leftrightarrow-3\left(x+5\right)=1\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{16}{3}\\ \Leftrightarrow Q=\left(3x-7\right)^2=\left[3\cdot\left(-\dfrac{16}{3}\right)-7\right]^2=529\)
Bài 7:
\(a,ĐK:x\ne\pm3\\ b,P=\dfrac{3x-9+x+3+18}{\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)}=\dfrac{4\left(x+3\right)}{\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)}=\dfrac{4}{x-3}\\ b,P=4\Leftrightarrow4\left(x-3\right)=4\Leftrightarrow x=4\)
a) ĐKXĐ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+3\ne0\\2x+1\ne0\\\left(2x+3\right)\left(2x+1\right)\ne0\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ne-\dfrac{3}{2}\\x\ne-\dfrac{1}{2}\\\left(2x+3\right)\left(2x+1\right)\ne0\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ne-\dfrac{3}{2}\\x\ne-\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(\Rightarrow P=\dfrac{2\left(2x+1\right)+3\left(2x+3\right)-6x-5}{\left(2x+3\right)\left(2x+1\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\dfrac{4x+2+6x+9-6x-5}{\left(2x+3\right)\left(2x+1\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\dfrac{4x+6}{\left(2x+3\right)\left(2x+1\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\dfrac{2\left(2x+3\right)}{\left(2x+3\right)\left(2x+1\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\dfrac{2}{2x+1}\)
c) \(P=-1\Rightarrow\dfrac{2}{2x+1}=-1\\ \Rightarrow2=-2x-1\\ \Rightarrow2x=-3\\ \Rightarrow x=-\dfrac{3}{2}\)