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a) 4HCl + MnO2 --> MnCl2 + Cl2 +2H2O
2Fe + 3Cl2 ---> 2FeCl3
FeCl3 + 3NaOH --> Fe(OH)3 + 3NaCl
NaCl + H2SO4 đ---> NaHSO4 + HCl
2HCl + CuO ---> CuCl2 + H2O
CuCl2 +2AgNO3 ---> Cu(NO3)2 + 2AgCl
b) 2KMnO4 + 16HCl ---> 2KCl + 2MnCL2 +5Cl2 +8H2O
Cl2 + H2--->2HCl
6HCl + Fe2O3 ---> 2FeCl3 +3H2O
FeCl3 + 3AgNO3 --> Fe(NO3)3 +3AgCl
2AgCl --to---> 2Ag + Cl2
Cl2 + 2NaBr ---> 2NaCl + Br2
Br2 + 2NaI --> 2NaBr + I2
I2 +Zn --to--> ZnI2
ZnI2 + 2NaOH --> Zn(OH)2 +2NaI
c) 2KCl ---dpnc--> 2K + Cl2
Cl2 + 2KOH --> KCl + KClO + H2O
4KClO --> KClO3 +3 KCl
4KClO3 ---> 3KClO4 + KCl
3KClO4 + 8Al ---> 4Al2O3 + 3KCl
KCl + AgNO3 --> AgCl + KNO3
d) 3Cl2 + 6KOH ---> KClO3 + 5KCl +3H2O
2KClO3 ---> 2KCl +#O2
2KCl --> 2K + Cl2
2Cl2 + Ca(OH)2 ---> CaCl2 +Ca(ClO)2
Ca(ClO)2 ---> CaCl2 + O2
CaCl2 ---> Ca + Cl2
Cl2 ra O2 ????
e)6HCl + KClO3 ---> KCl +3Cl2 +3H2O
3Cl2 +6KOH --> 5KCl + KClO +3 H2O
2KClO3 --> 2KCl + 3O2
2KCl --> 2K + CL2
CL2 +H2 --> 2HCl
2HCl +Fe--> FeCl2 + H2
Cl2 + 2FeCl2 -->2FeCl3
FeCl3 +3NaOH --> Fe(OH)3 +3NaCl
Câu 1 :
\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
x______2x______x________x__(mol)
\(Al+2HCl\rightarrow AlCl_3+\frac{3}{2}H_2\)
y_____2y______y______3/2y__(mol)
\(n_{khí}=\frac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24x+27y=10,2\\x+\frac{3}{2}y=0,5\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\%m_{Mg}=\frac{10,2-\left(24.0,2\right)}{0,2}.100\%=52,94\%\)
\(\%m_{Al}=100\%-52,94\%=47,06\%\)
\(m_{muoi}=95.0,2+133,5.0,2=28,6\left(g\right)\)
\(V_{HCl}=1,6\left(l\right)\)
Dùng 7,5% \(\Rightarrow V=1,6-1,6.7,5\%=1,48\left(l\right)\)
Câu 2:
\(FeCl_2+2AgNO_3\rightarrow Fe\left(NO_3\right)_2+2AgCl\)
\(n_{FeCl2}=0,2.1=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{AgCl}=2n_{FeCl2}=2.0,2=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{AgCl}=0,4.143,5=57,4\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Fe\left(NO3\right)2}=n_{FeCl2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
V dd sau phản ứng= VFeCl2 + VAgNO3 = 0,2+0,3= 0,5 (l)
\(\Rightarrow CM_{FeCl2}=\frac{0,2}{0,5}=0,4M\)
a) (1) MnO2 + 4 HCl(đặc) -to-> MnCl2 + Cl2 + 2 H2O
(2) Cl2 + H2 \(\Leftrightarrow\) 2 HCl
(3) HCl + NaOH -> NaCl + H2O
(4) 2 NaCl + 2 H2O -đpddcmnx-> 2 NaOH + H2 + Cl2
(5) Cl2 + 2 H2O + SO2 -> H2SO4 + 2 HCl
(6) H2SO4 + BaCl2 -> BaSO4 + 2 HCl
b)
(1) BaCl2 -điện phân nóng chảy nhiệt độ cao-> Ba + Cl2
(2) Cl2 + H2 \(\Leftrightarrow\) 2 HCl
(3) Fe + 2 HCl -> FeCl2 + H2
(4) 2 FeCl2 + Cl2 -to-> 2 FeCl3
(5) 2 FeCl3 + 3 Ba(OH)2 -> 2 Fe(OH)3 +3 BaCl2
(6) BaCl2 + H2SO4 -> BaSO4 + 2 HCl
c) (1) BaCl2 + H2SO4 -> BaSO4 +2 HCl
(2) 2 HCl + CuO -> CuCl2 + H2O
(3) CuCl2 + 2 KOH -> Cu(OH)2 + 2 KCl
(4) KCl + H2O -đpddcmnx-> KOH + 1/2 Cl2 + 1/2 H2
(5) 6 KOH + 3 Cl2 -to->5 KCl + KClO3 +3 H2O
(6) 2 KClO3 -to-> 2 KCl + 3 O2
a)
(1) MnO2 + 4HCl(đ) -to-> MnCl2 + Cl2 + 2H2O
(2) Cl2 + H2 <-as-> 2 HCl
(3) HCl + NaOH => NaCl + H2O
(4) 2NaCl + 2H2O -đpddcmn-> 2NaOH + H2 + Cl2
(5) Cl2 + 2H2O + SO2 => H2SO4 + 2HCl
(6) H2SO4 + BaCl2 => BaSO4 + 2HCl
b)
(1) BaCl2 -đpdd-> Ba + Cl2
(2) Cl2 + H2 ⇔ 2HCl (Đk : ánh sáng hoặc nhiệt độ)
(3) Fe + 2HCl => FeCl2 + H2
(4) 2FeCl2 + Cl2 -to-> 2FeCl3
(5) 2FeCl3 + 4Ba(OH)2 => 2Fe(OH)3 + 3BaCl2
(6) BaCl2 + H2SO4 => BaSO4 + 2HCl
c)
(1) BaCl2 + H2SO4 => BaSO4 +2HCl
(2) 2HCl + CuO => CuCl2 + H2O
(3) CuCl2 + 2KOH => Cu(OH)2 + 2KCl
(4) 2KCl + 2H2O -đpddcmn-> 2KOH + Cl2 + H2
(5) 6KOH + 3Cl2 -to-> 5KCl + KClO3 +3H2O
(6) 2KClO3 -to-> 2KCl + 3O2
a,
\(3NaClO+2MnO_2+2KOH\rightarrow2KMnO_4+3NaCl+H_2O\)
Từ KMnO4 ra NaClO mình chưa nghĩ ra.
\(2KMnO_4+16HCl\rightarrow2KCl+MnCl_2+5Cl_2+8H_2O\)
\(Cl_2+H_2\rightarrow2HCl\)
\(NaOH+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)
\(AgNO_3+NaCl\rightarrow AgCl+NaNO_3\)
\(5FeCl_2+KMnO_4+8HCl\rightarrow3FeCl_3+MnCl_2+KCl+4H_2O\)
\(2FeCl_3+Fe\rightarrow3FeCl_2\)
b,
\(2KI\underrightarrow{^{đpnc}}2K+I_2\)
\(I_2+H_2⇌2HI\)
\(Cl_2+2HI\rightarrow2HCL+I_2\)
\(KOH+HCl\rightarrow KCl+H_2O\)
\(2KCl\underrightarrow{^{đpnc}}2K+Cl_2\)
\(Cl_2+H_2O⇌HCl+HClO\)
\(2HClO\rightarrow2HCl+O_2\)
\(2HCl+\frac{1}{2}O_2\underrightarrow{^{to,xt}}Cl_2+H_2O\)
\(Cl_2 +2KBr\rightarrow2KCl+Br_2\)
\(Br_2+2NaI\rightarrow2NaBr+I_2\)
b, PTHH :
\(2KI+SO_3\rightarrow2I+K_2SO_3\)
\(I_2+H_2\rightarrow2HI\)
\(2HI+Cl_2\rightarrow2HCl+I_2\)
\(HCl+KOH\rightarrow KCl+H_2O\)
\(F_2+2KCl\rightarrow Cl_2+2KF\)
\(Cl_2+H_2O\rightarrow HClO+HCl\)
\(HClO\rightarrow HCl+O_2\)
\(4HCl+O_2\rightarrow2H_2O+2Cl_2\)
\(Cl_2+2NaBr\rightarrow2NaCl+Br_2\)
\(Br_2+2NaI\rightarrow2NaBr+I_2\)
a. 4Al + 3O\(_2\) -> 2Al2O3
4Fe + 3O2 -> 2Fe2O3
2Cu + O2 ->2CuO
Al2O3 + 3H2SO4 --->2Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2O
Fe2O3 + 3H2SO4 -->2Fe2(SO4)3 +3H2O
CuO + H2SO4 --> CuSO4 + H2O
b. no\(_2\) = (41,4 - 33,4) : 32 = 0,25 (mol)
Bảo toàn nguyên tố ta có
nH2SO4=2nO2=0,5(mol)
VH2SO4=0,5:1,14=0.44(ml)
VddH2SO4=0.44:20%=2.19(ml)
Chọn A. Vì trong phản ứng trên, Cu đóng vai trò là chất oxi hóa (nhận thêm e) và sau phản ứng, số oxi hóa của Cu giảm.
\(Cu^{+2}+2e\rightarrow Cu^0\)
1 (mol) ----> 2 (mol)
a/
\(2HCl\underrightarrow{^{đpdd}}H_2+Cl_2\)
\(3Cl_2+2Fe\underrightarrow{^{to}}2FeCl_3\)
\(FeCl_3+3NaOH\rightarrow3NaCl+Fe\left(OH\right)_3\)
\(2NaCl+H_2SO_4\underrightarrow{^{to}}Na_2SO_4+2HCl\)
\(HCl+CuO\rightarrow CuCl_2+H_2O\)
\(CuCl_2+AgNO_3\rightarrow AgCl+Cu\left(NO_3\right)2\)
b/
\(2HCl\underrightarrow{^{đpdd}}H_2+Cl_2\)
\(Cl_2+2Na\underrightarrow{^{to}}2NaCl\)
\(2NaCl+H_2SO_{4_{dac}}\underrightarrow{^{to}}Na_2SO_4+2HCl\)
\(2HCl+Fe\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
c/
\(MnO_2+4HCl_đ\underrightarrow{^{to}}MnO_2+Cl_2+2H_2O\)
\(Cl_2+2K\underrightarrow{^{to}}2KCl\)
\(2KCl+H_2SO_4\underrightarrow{^{to}}K_2SO_4+2HCl\)
\(2HCl\underrightarrow{^{đpdd}}H_2+Cl_2\)
\(Cl_2+2NaBr\rightarrow2NaCl+Br_2\)
\(Br_2+2NaI\rightarrow NaBr+I_2\)
d/
\(2KMnO_4+16HCl_đ\underrightarrow{^{to}}2KCl+2MnCl_2+5Cl_2+8H_2O\)
\(Cl_2+H_2\underrightarrow{^{as}}2HCl\)
\(Fe_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2FeCl_3+3H_2O\)
\(FeCl_3+3AgNO_3\rightarrow3AgCl+Fe\left(NO_3\right)_3\)
Đáp án A
Hướng dẫn Thay thế hỗn hợp kim loại bằng một kim loại tương đương
Số mol H2 = 0,09 (mol)
(mol) 0,09
0,09
=> Mg =24< 29,33 < 40=Ca
X, Y là Mg, Ca